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Towards the Low Carbon Cityin the developing countries

Akihito SANJO Director

Urban and Regional Development Division 2Economic Infrastructure Department

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

JICA’s ActivitiesUrban and regional development

Various Assistances in Various Countries/Cities

•Asia, Africa, Middle East, etc. See <reference>

Assistance Policy

•Tackling Rapid Urbanization, Urban Sprawl

•Promoting Urban Development for Economic Growth

•Creating Sustainable City Low Carbon City

•Reconstructing War/Disaster-affected City

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JICA’s ActivitiesUrban and regional development

Kabul Metropolitan Areas Development Program in Afghanistan

Formulation of Urban Reconst-ruction Plan in war-affected areas

Development of Urban Social Infrastructure (Road, Water, etc.)

Development of Large-scaled New Urban Areas

Capacity Development of Relevant Organizations

JICA’s ApproachTowards the low carbon city

Basic Ideas

•Approach from Upper Stream

•Assistances based on Long-term View

Points

•From Urban Sprawl to Compact City

•Public Transportation-

centric Urban Trans-

portation System

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JICA’s Approach (contnd)Towards the low carbon city

Points(contnd)

•Afforestation, Conservation of Green Areas

•Creation of Recycling Society

•Balanced National/Regional Development

Regions/Cities to be tackled

•Cities showing rapid urbanization in the developing countries such as Asia, Africa and so on.

JICA’s ProjectsUlaanbaatar City, Mongolia

• Revision of City Master Plan (target year 2030)

Background;• Rapid Urban Sprawl

• Serious Environmental Issues, especially Water Resources

• Increasing Ger areas in the City

Urban Development Program in Ulaanbaatar City

Program;

• Infrastructure Development• Capacity Development

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JICA’s ProjectsUlaanbaatar City, Mongolia

Urban Structure of a Compact City- Development of a Unique New Towns- Relocation of Higher Education Facilities Currently Located in the CBD - Restructuring of Existing Industrial Areas- Development of a Mass Rapid Transit Systems- Redevelopment of Sub-centers Centered on Railway Stations- Restructuring and Improvement of Ger Areas/Ger Settlements- Protection from Floods and Landslides- Development of Green Belts

JICA’s ProjectsUlaanbaatar City, Mongolia

Mongol Ulanbaataar

Urban Structure of a Compact City

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JICA’s ProjectsUlaanbaatar City, Mongolia

Mongol Ulanbaataar

Green Network

JICA’s ProjectsUlaanbaatar City, Mongolia

Introducing a Mass Transit System in a Compact City- +15% in PCU-km, +22% in PCU-hours- 20% reduction in transportation cost - 18% reduction of CO2 emissions

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JICA’s ProjectsHanoi Capital City, Vietnam

Background ;

Comprehensive Urban Development Program in Hanoi Capital City

• Lack of sustainability for city economic growth

• Lack of vision of capital city development

• Heavy traffic congestions

• Deteriorating urban environment

• Unsatisfactory living conditions

JICA’s ProjectsHanoi Capital City, Vietnam

Comprehensive Development Master Plan

Water and Sanitation Sector Plan

Regional Development

Strategy

Urban Development

Strategy

Urban Transportation Sector Plan

Environment and Living Condition

Sector Plan

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JICA’s ProjectsHanoi Capital City, Vietnam

Urban Mass Rapid Transit (UMRT) System Development

JICA’s ProjectsHanoi Capital City, Vietnam

Integrated Development with UMRT

Concept Plan

Land Use Plan

Short-term Projects Plan

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JICA’s ProjectsGERBANKERTOSUSILA(GKS), Indonesia

Spatial Plan and Urban Development Program for GKS Zone in East Java Province

Background ;• Disordered Development

by Rapid Urbanization -周縁部にゲル居住区

• Heavy Traffic Congestion• Environmental Issues

Wastes, Water, Air

• Unbalanced Regional Development

JICA’s ProjectsGERBANKERTOSUSILA(GKS), Indonesia

Compact Eco-Cities in View of Regional Development

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JICA’s ProjectsGERBANKERTOSUSILA(GKS), Indonesia

Compact Eco-Cities with Road Network under Hierarchy of Human Settlement Centers

JICA’s ProjectsUrban Development Project in Africa

Urban Development Master Plan for Lilongwe in Malawi

- International / Regional Core-City- National Gateway City for Neighboring Countries- Sustainable Eco-friendly Capital City

Vision of Lilongwe City

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ChallengesTowards the low carbon city

Institutional Building/Capacity Development•From Master Plan to Implementation led by Government

•Improvement of Legal System and Development Tools

Introducing Land Adjustment System

•Securing Financial Resource Green Tax etc.

Evaluation System for Low Carbon City- Available, Simple, Sustainable

Challenges (contnd)Towards the low carbon city

▼Process of Land Adjustment and Land Pooling

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Challenges (contnd)Towards the low carbon city

Approach to People who Act in City

•Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Park & Ride, Park &Bus Ride, Car Sharing etc.

•Community-led Afforestation

•Conserving Energy, Reducing Waste

•Environmental SubsidyEco-House, Eco-Car etc.

Further ActionsTowards the low carbon city

Development Assistance in accordance with “New New Growth StrategyGrowth Strategy”

•Export Superior Japanese Technology to the World, especially Asian Countries

“Study on the Creation of the Low Carbon City in the Developing Countries” to be launched in 2010

•Concept or Contents of “Low Carbon City in the Developing Countries”

•Effective Approach towards “Low Carbon City”

Collaboration with ECO2 Program, WB

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<reference> JICA’s ActivitiesMain urban development study projects - past 5 years

1. The Study on Implementation of Integrated Spatial Plan in MAMMINASATA Metropolitan Area, South Sulawesi <Indonesia>

2. Land Readjustment Promotion Project <Thailand>

3. The Study on Implementation of the BMA Subcenters Program <Thailand>

4. The Comprehensive Urban Development Programme in Hanoi Capital City <Vietnam>

5. The Study on City Master Plan and Urban Development Program of Ulaanbaatar City <Mongolia>

6. The Development Study on Kabul Metropolitan Area <Afghanistan>

7. The Study on Comprehensive Urban Development Plan for the Greater Lusaka City <Zambia>

8. The Study on Urban Planning for Sustainable Development of Damascus Metropolitan Area <Syria>

＜Completed Projects＞

＜On-going Projects＞1. The Study on Formulation of Spatial Planning for GERBANGKERTOSUSILA(GKS)

Zone in East Java Province <Indonesia>

2. Strengthening Spatial Utilization Monitoring System <Indonesia>

3. Lahore Transport Master Plan <Pakistan>

<reference> JICA’s ActivitiesMain urban development study projects - past 5 years

4. Enhancement of Urban Development Management in the Mamminasata Metropolitan Area <Indonesia>

5. The Project for Self-Sustainability and Dissemination of Land Readjustment System <Thailand>

6. The Project on formulation of National Integrated Strategy of Coastal Area and Master Plan of Sihanouk-ville <Cambodia>

7. The Project for Urban Development Master Plan Study in Vientiane Capital <Laos>

8. Urban Planning Formulation and Management Capacity Development Project <VN>

9. The Project on Integrated UMRT and Urban Development for Hanoi <VN>

10. The Project on Capacity Development in Urban Development Sector in Mongolia

11. The Project on Promotion of Kabul Metropolitan Area Development <Afghanistan>

12. The Study on Integrated Development Strategy for Danang City and Its Neighboring Area <VN:Vietnam>

13. The Project for City Planning and Development in Damascus Metropolitan Area

14. The Study on Urban Development Master Plan for Lilongwe <Malawi>

＜On-going Projects＞