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![Page 1: Towards the Cooperation in Central Asia via Energy Saving and Renewable Energy Integrating Central Asia into the World Economy: The Role of Energy and.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5514bf21550346b0338b47c8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Towards the Cooperation in Central Asia via Energy Saving and Renewable Energy
Integrating Central Asia into the World Economy: The Role of
Energy and Transport InfrastructureWashington, 21-22 October, 2007
Kanat Baigarin, Dr.Climate Change Co-ordination Centre
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General Information: Some regional organizations and Program in Central Asia
• OCAC (CA Cooperation): KZ,KR,RU,TJ, UZ
• OCAREC (CA Regional Economical Cooperation): AZ,CHI,KZ,KR,MO,TJ,UZ
• CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States)
• OEC (Economical Cooperation): AF,AZ,IR,KZ,KR,PA,TJ,TU,TRK,UZ
• EEC (Euro-asian economical community): BE,KZ,RK,RU,TJ,+UZ
• ShOC (Shanghai organization for Cooperation): CH,KZ,RK,RU,TJ,UZ
• UEA (Unified Economical Area): BE,KZ,RU,UK
• SPECA (Special UN Program for CA Economy): AF,AZ,KZ,RK,TJ,TRK,UZ
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General Information: Review of CA States participation in Regional
cooperationStates OCAC CAREC CIS OEC EEC ShOC UEA SPECA
Kazakhstan X X X X X X X XKyrgyzstan X X X X X X X
Tajikistan X X X X X X X
Turkmenistan X X X X
Uzbekistan X X X X X X
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General Information: Map of Central Asia
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Kazakhstan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports:$35.55 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Exports - commodities:
oil and oil products 58%, ferrous metals 24%, chemicals 5%, machinery 3%, grain, wool, meat, coal (2001)
• Exports - partners: Germany 12.4%, Russia 11.6%, China 10.9%, Italy 10.5%, France 7.4%, Romania 4.9% (2006) Imports: $22 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment 41%, metal products 28%, foodstuffs 8% (2001)
• Imports - partners: Russia 36.7%, China 19.5%, Germany 7.4% (2006)
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Uzbekistan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports: $5.51 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Exports - commodities: cotton, gold, energy products, mineral
fertilizers, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, textiles, food products, machinery, automobiles
• Exports - partners: Russia 23.9%, Poland 11.8%, China 10.5%, Turkey 7.5%, Kazakhstan 6%, Ukraine 4.7%, Bangladesh 4.4% (2006)
• Imports: $3.99 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, foodstuffs,
chemicals, ferrous and non-ferrous metals • Imports - partners: Russia 27.8%, South Korea 15.6%, China
10.4%, Kazakhstan 7.3%, Germany 7.1%, Ukraine 4.8%, Turkey 4.5% (2006)
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Turkmenistan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports: $5.421 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Exports - commodities: gas, crude oil, petrochemicals, cotton
fiber, textiles • Exports - partners: Ukraine 47.2%, Iran 16.3%, Azerbaijan
4.3% (2006) • Imports: $3.936 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals,
foodstuffs • Imports - partners: UAE 13.7%, Azerbaijan 11.8%, Turkey
9.9%, Ukraine 8.1%, Russia 8%, Germany 6.9%, Iran 6.7%, China 5.7% (2006)
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Kyrgyzstan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports: $701.8 million f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Exports - commodities: cotton, wool, meat, tobacco;
gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, hydropower; machinery; shoes Exports - partners: UAE 35.7%, Russia 20.2%, Kazakhstan 13%, China 11.7% (2006)
• Imports: $1.177 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Imports - commodities: oil and gas, machinery and
equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs Imports - partners:China 56.8%, Russia 15.1%, Kazakhstan 8.1% (2006)
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Tajikistan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports: $1.16 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Exports - commodities: aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits,
vegetable oil, textiles • Exports - partners: Norway 13.9%, Russia 13%, Turkey
12.2%, Uzbekistan 9.4%, US 6.4%, Italy 5.3%, Iran 5.2%, Greece 4.2% (2006)
• Imports: $1.513 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) • Imports - commodities: electricity, petroleum products,
aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs • Imports - partners: Russia 21.2%, China 17.2%, Kazakhstan
10.6%, Uzbekistan 9.6%, Azerbaijan 7.3%, Ukraine 5.2%, Turkey 4% (2006)
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General Information:States Populati
onRural GDP(PPP)/
GDP(ExR)
GDP/capita(PPP)
PowerProduction/Consumption
IntensityCO2
GDPRate
Population bellow poverty
Million Million Bln.$ $ Bln.kWh Kg/$1000
% %
Kazakhstan 15.3 6,9 143.4/54 9400 66.5/56 6 10,6 19
Kyrgyzstan 5,3 3,37 10.7/2.3 2100 14/6.8 3,2 2,7 40
Tajikistan 7,07 4,8 9.5/2.1 1300 16.5/15.7
4,0 7 64
Turkmenistan 5,1 2,6 42.8/15.2 8500 11/9 6 6 58
Uzbekistan 27,8 16,3 55.7/10.83
2000 49/47 8 7.3 33
Total 60.6 4o 250/85 160 21-22 mln
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General capacity – 18,190 МW; The Northern zone -13,130 MWThe Western energy zone - 2,070 MWThe Southern Energy Zone-2,990 MW Thermal gas-turbine and steam-to-gas stations – 395 MW (2%); Hydraulic power stations 2230 MВт (12%) Thermal steam-power plants that use organic fuel – 15,565 MW (86%);
Kazakhstan
The structure of power plants installed capacity in Kazakhstan:
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Kazakhstan has a high potential Kazakhstan has a high potential for energy saving:for energy saving:
A weighted energy consumption for production of some energy intensive products:
Kazakhstan the United States
copper 1,442 kWh/tons 300 kWh/tons
rolled iron 190 kWh/tons 23 kWh/tons
steel 650 kWh/tons 152 kWh/tons
aluminum 670 kWh/tons 240 kWh/tons
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Wind power potential estimates -a total capacity of 2,000 Wind power potential estimates -a total capacity of 2,000 ММW(500MW up to 2030)W(500MW up to 2030)
Attractiveness of these projects:
• immediate proximity to the existing power lines;
• high level of demand for energy;
• especially good conditions in the area of the Djungar Gates and the Shelek Corridor in the Almaty Oblast
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Wind potential in North KazakhstanWind potential in North KazakhstanIsovents of annual average wind speed for North Kazakhstan based on the period 1951-11977(Wind Energy in Kazakhstan, part1:Market Development Study,1998)
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Example- Pilot Wind PS-5MW in Djungar Gates
•The Kazakhstan / UNDP/GEF Project «On Overcoming Barriers to Development of Wind Power Engineering in Kazakhstan» (1997-1999), GEF possible grant for construction of a WPS-5 MW $ US 1,000,000
•Pre-feasibility completed. Almatyautomatica JSC completed work on installation of a 500 kW wind power station in the Druzhba Railway Station area.
• Supported from the Government of Kazakhstan. Need to develop legislative documents ( privileges and taxes) to implement the Project and to promote RE
•Proposed as JI/CDM project: total project cost : US $ 5.2 million
Annual Emission Reductions- 21,211t CO2
ERs Eligible for CDM (2004 –2012) 190,899 t CO2
ERs Eligible for JI( 2008-2012) 106,055 t CO2
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Instalation of DjungarWPS-500kW byJSC AlmatyAvtomatika
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Hydro power potential estimates at 170TWh/yr Construction of 450 small hydropower plants of a total capacity of 2,500 МW
with production of 11 TWh/year •At present the country use about 8 TWh/year.
•The preference - construction of new ( Mainak HPP-300MW and Kerbulak HPP-500MW); construction and also rehabilitation of small and middle-size HPPs which are economically wise.
•The Almaty Oblast – the best perspective for development of small HPPs ( but dependent on large energy imports from other regions )
•Current delivery system for baseline estimation (displacement of fossil fuel fired plants)
Coal Mining
Gas Production
Condensing Power Plants APC, HPP3
Coal/Lignite
Natural Gas
Transport
Electricity to the grid End User
Cogeneration Plants
APC; HPP1; HPP2
Heat Output End User
Production of oil Fuel Oil Transport
Transport
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The Bartogay hydropower site