Towards 2015 and Beyond – Towards 2015 and Beyond – SPARC Support to Poverty SPARC Support to Poverty

and MDG Monitoringand MDG Monitoring

Presented by Leisa Perch (Programme Manager, Poverty Presented by Leisa Perch (Programme Manager, Poverty Reduction), United Nations Development Programme, Sub-Reduction), United Nations Development Programme, Sub-

regional Office for Barbados and the OECSregional Office for Barbados and the OECS

October 28th, 2008

Accra Beach Hotel, Barbados

Why Support to Poverty Why Support to Poverty Assessment and Reduction?Assessment and Reduction?

Arose out of a concern about:Arose out of a concern about: State of policy for poverty reduction (disjointed)State of policy for poverty reduction (disjointed) Increased rural poverty due to economic downturns in bananas etcIncreased rural poverty due to economic downturns in bananas etc Increasing poverty despite high levels of human developmentIncreasing poverty despite high levels of human development The lack of quality data on social development or socio-economic links The lack of quality data on social development or socio-economic links

in developmentin development Inadequate analysis of poverty and no clear definition of poverty in the Inadequate analysis of poverty and no clear definition of poverty in the

Caribbean contextCaribbean context Achievement of the MDGs or sustainable development - could not Achievement of the MDGs or sustainable development - could not

occur in the absence of sound, reliable data which identified progress, occur in the absence of sound, reliable data which identified progress, challenges, who should be targeted and point to required shiftschallenges, who should be targeted and point to required shifts

Limited spatial analysisLimited spatial analysis Effectively support to the CARICOM Regional Statistical Work-PlanEffectively support to the CARICOM Regional Statistical Work-Plan Absence of linkages among data collectors, analysis and policy makersAbsence of linkages among data collectors, analysis and policy makers

Efforts in Assessing Poverty (1992-2003)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20031. Surveys of Living ConditionsJamaica × × × × × ×Trinidad and Tobago

× ×

Guyana × ×Barbados ×Belize × ×Saint Lucia ×St. Vincent & the Grenadines

×

Grenada ×St.Kitts and Nevis

×

Bahamas ×2. Labour Force SurveysSaint Lucia × × ×St. Vincent and the Grenadines

× × × ×

Dominica 1983 × ×Grenada3. Social SurveyMontserrat ×

Caribbean Countries

Implementation of Poverty Assessments 1993-2003

SPARC as enabler of MDG AchievementSPARC as enabler of MDG Achievement Developed in the context of:Developed in the context of:

Customization of MDG Indicators by CARICOM and Customization of MDG Indicators by CARICOM and CDB;CDB;

Continuing support to coordination at the national level Continuing support to coordination at the national level through SIMDG committees through CARICOM (UNDP, through SIMDG committees through CARICOM (UNDP, UNFPA);UNFPA);

Localization and Regionalization at the OECS level Localization and Regionalization at the OECS level through the OECS Secretariat (supported by the UNDP);through the OECS Secretariat (supported by the UNDP);

Fuller/Expanded PRSP development (UNDP)Fuller/Expanded PRSP development (UNDP) New round of CPAs 2005-2011 (CDB)New round of CPAs 2005-2011 (CDB) Limited Progress Reports on the MDGs between 2005 – Limited Progress Reports on the MDGs between 2005 –

2008 Saint Lucia, Barbados, Grenada, Antigua and 2008 Saint Lucia, Barbados, Grenada, Antigua and Barbuda (UNDP) Barbuda (UNDP)

* A result of efforts of the multi-donor Poverty and Social * A result of efforts of the multi-donor Poverty and Social Sector Development Donor Group (PSSDDG)Sector Development Donor Group (PSSDDG)

SPARC: SPARC: Overarching Goal:Overarching Goal: To assist governments to design To assist governments to design

and implement a planning and implement a planning framework that speaks to the framework that speaks to the specific needs of the vulnerable specific needs of the vulnerable and the disadvantaged in and the disadvantaged in reducing poverty and enhancing reducing poverty and enhancing social development.social development.

… … is designed to facilitate multi-is designed to facilitate multi-

donor programming to deliver a donor programming to deliver a comprehensive package of comprehensive package of assistance to Caribbean countries assistance to Caribbean countries to strengthen national and to strengthen national and regional capacities to regional capacities to systematically collect, analyze systematically collect, analyze and disseminate social data for and disseminate social data for poverty assessment as well as poverty assessment as well as critically inform social policy critically inform social policy formulation. formulation.

Proposed MDG and Poverty Proposed MDG and Poverty Monitoring Framework Monitoring Framework

CWIQ, AD

(Annual)

CPA/SLC/PPA linkedwithHBS

LSMS(every 4-5 years)

Census (every 10 years)Local Administrative Data

Tools for measuring the depth Tools for measuring the depth and determinants of poverty and determinants of poverty (Understanding)(Understanding)

HBS, LSMS etc., Participative HBS, LSMS etc., Participative Poverty Monitoring (listening to Poverty Monitoring (listening to the poor)the poor)

Tools for comparing differences Tools for comparing differences over space (Targeting)over space (Targeting)

Local admin. recordsLocal admin. records Pop. Census + Hhold survey = Pop. Census + Hhold survey =

Poverty mapsPoverty maps Tools for monitoring changes Tools for monitoring changes

over time (Tracking)over time (Tracking) service delivery monitoringservice delivery monitoring Administrative data/MIS; Administrative data/MIS;

Institution-based surveys; Institution-based surveys; household surveys, CWIQhousehold surveys, CWIQ

Information Pyramid

Risk Reduction at the centre of Risk Reduction at the centre of DevelopmentDevelopment

We currently have what We currently have what experts are calling a experts are calling a “perfect storm” of events:“perfect storm” of events:

Rapid climate change and intense Rapid climate change and intense climate variability [evidenced by climate variability [evidenced by intense storm activity, repetitive intense storm activity, repetitive storms (September 2008), persistent storms (September 2008), persistent rain (October 2008)]rain (October 2008)]

Global financial crisis – resulting in Global financial crisis – resulting in home losses, tightening of credit, home losses, tightening of credit, downturn in markets, lack of downturn in markets, lack of confidence confidence

Food crisis – global food security Food crisis – global food security under threat by high commodity under threat by high commodity prices, drought, competition for land prices, drought, competition for land for other development uses including for other development uses including biofuelsbiofuels

Exposure to natural disaster

Nation

(Individual,

Household or

Community)

Social Susceptibility Social Resilience

Measure of social vulnerability

Source: ECLAC (2005 Presentation on Social Vulnerability and the PRSPs

LOOKING FORWARD TO 2015 LOOKING FORWARD TO 2015 AND THE MDGS AND BEYOND AND THE MDGS AND BEYOND – WHAT IS ONGOING? WHAT – WHAT IS ONGOING? WHAT

IS NEEDED? IS NEEDED?

Where are we with Poverty?Where are we with Poverty?Country Poverty Indicators

Year CPA conducted

% below the poverty

line

% below the indigence

line

Poverty Gap Ratio

Gini coefficient

Anguilla (PPA started in February for new Assessment)

2002 23 2 6.9 0.31

Antigua and Barbuda

2006 18.4 5.0 6.6 0.49

British Virgin Islands

2003 22 0.5 4.1 0.23

Dominica**** 2002 39.0 15 10.2 0.35

Grenada 1999 32 12.9 15.3 9.9

St. Kitts and Nevis

2001 31.2 14 2.6 0.45

St. LuciaR 2005 28.8 7.1 98.0 0.42

St. Vincent & the GrenadinesR

1996 37.5 25.7 12.6 0.56

Other Data Collection towards Other Data Collection towards 20152015

Countries Country Poverty Assessments (CPA)*

Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire (CWIQ)

Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRS)

Anguilla 2007 2012 2010 2011 Antigua & Barbuda 2007 2008 2007 Barbados 2007 2013 2010 2011 Belize 2008 2013 2009 2011 British Virgin Islands 2008 2013 2011 2009 Cayman Islands 2007 2012 2009/10 2008 Dominica 2008 2012 2009 2011 Grenada 2007 2008 (tentative) Montserrat 2007 2012 2010 2011 St. Kitts & Nevis 2007 2012 2010 2008 St. Lucia 2007 2012 2008 2007 St. Vincent & the Grenadines

2007 2013 2010 2009 (interim)

Turks & Caicos Islands

2008 2013 2009 2009

*Efforts will include harmonization between the CPA and the CWIQ including some core questions for monitoring

Update on MDGs – Some key challengesUpdate on MDGs – Some key challenges While indigence has decline significantly, poverty has While indigence has decline significantly, poverty has

increased in some countries increased in some countries Impacts of climate change and disaster risk not well Impacts of climate change and disaster risk not well

integrated into data systems, our decision-making and our integrated into data systems, our decision-making and our planning – linking social/environmental statistics (climate planning – linking social/environmental statistics (climate forecasts and scenarios)forecasts and scenarios)

Concerns in a few MS with child mortality and maternal Concerns in a few MS with child mortality and maternal mortality in some countriesmortality in some countries

HIV Statistics and reporting ,while improved, still limited HIV Statistics and reporting ,while improved, still limited requires urgent attention (2008 CRIS Reports)requires urgent attention (2008 CRIS Reports)

Ability to facilitate multi-sectoral and development Ability to facilitate multi-sectoral and development decisions still difficult [the lives of people are not divided decisions still difficult [the lives of people are not divided into economics, social and the environment]into economics, social and the environment]

Some key questions looking Some key questions looking forwardforward

How do we improve resilience at economic, social How do we improve resilience at economic, social and environmental levels? – we can only adapt so far and environmental levels? – we can only adapt so far and mitigation requires global effortsand mitigation requires global efforts

How do we protect the vulnerable from anticipated How do we protect the vulnerable from anticipated negative impacts – the role of effective Social negative impacts – the role of effective Social Protection?Protection?

How can we achieve poverty reduction in tandem How can we achieve poverty reduction in tandem with economic growth [there are no guarantees?with economic growth [there are no guarantees?

How can we better anticipate the impacts of policy How can we better anticipate the impacts of policy shifts [tax reform, social reform, other changes]shifts [tax reform, social reform, other changes]

SPARC/ADP – Addressing Access to SPARC/ADP – Addressing Access to Data and DisseminationData and Dissemination

Newly formed partnership between SPARC and the Newly formed partnership between SPARC and the Accelerated Data Programme (ADP) Accelerated Data Programme (ADP) http://www.internationalsurveynetwork.org/adp/http://www.internationalsurveynetwork.org/adp/  .  .

Aim: strengthening data dissemination and access to data in Aim: strengthening data dissemination and access to data in the Caribbean, set in the framework of the Marrakech Action the Caribbean, set in the framework of the Marrakech Action Plan for Statistics and the 2002 Memorandum of Plan for Statistics and the 2002 Memorandum of Understanding between the World Bank and the United Understanding between the World Bank and the United Nations Development Programme, which both emphasized the Nations Development Programme, which both emphasized the need for collaboration on the issues of poverty reduction and need for collaboration on the issues of poverty reduction and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.

**ADP an effort of Paris 21 Secretariat, World Bank and other ADP an effort of Paris 21 Secretariat, World Bank and other partnerspartners

SPARC ADP cont’d SPARC ADP cont’d ADP will:ADP will:

allocate up to US$300,000 to the implementation of allocate up to US$300,000 to the implementation of the SPARC/ADP Project – and include consultants the SPARC/ADP Project – and include consultants and required technology and equipment for project and required technology and equipment for project implementation.implementation.

have responsibility for all training in the use of have responsibility for all training in the use of equipment and toolkits and the arrangement of post-equipment and toolkits and the arrangement of post-training support for the countries.training support for the countries.

provide technical expertise and tools for training in provide technical expertise and tools for training in micro-data management.micro-data management.

Pilot countriesPilot countries: Dominica, Saint Lucia with full : Dominica, Saint Lucia with full scope for expansionscope for expansion

Building Sustained Capacity Building Sustained Capacity Training for the new Poverty and MDG Training for the new Poverty and MDG

ToolkitToolkit Support to new MSc in Development Statistics Support to new MSc in Development Statistics

launched by SALISES Trinidad – also launched by SALISES Trinidad – also country scholarships could be possible from country scholarships could be possible from country UNDP fundscountry UNDP funds

Support to survey design, sampling and other Support to survey design, sampling and other efforts with CDB and othersefforts with CDB and others

Specific capacity building efforts in SVG, Specific capacity building efforts in SVG, DMI, STL and GRN (country-based funds)DMI, STL and GRN (country-based funds)

Expanded concepts and methodsExpanded concepts and methods

Missing dimensions of poverty including Missing dimensions of poverty including agency (ABILITY to ACT) agency (ABILITY to ACT)

Decision-making – if we wish to impact on Decision-making – if we wish to impact on this we need to better this we need to better (http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indica(http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicators/idsd/methodologies/criteria.htmstand the tors/idsd/methodologies/criteria.htmstand the process)process)

Improving Qualitative Research Improving Qualitative Research ((http://manual.recoup.educ.cam.ac.uk/wiki/indhttp://manual.recoup.educ.cam.ac.uk/wiki/index.php/Main_Pageex.php/Main_Page) )

Enhancing MDG monitoring – Enhancing MDG monitoring – other key inputsother key inputs

Toolkit on Poverty and MDG MonitoringToolkit on Poverty and MDG Monitoring Toolkit to be finalized by early 2009 and focuses on Toolkit to be finalized by early 2009 and focuses on

methods, minimum requirements, assistance with gender methods, minimum requirements, assistance with gender statistics and governance of data managementstatistics and governance of data management

Involvement in UNECLAC MDG project and collaboration Involvement in UNECLAC MDG project and collaboration with other HHS strengthening activitieswith other HHS strengthening activities

CWIQs in STL and AntiguaCWIQs in STL and Antigua Enhanced data capture on welfare and enhancing Enhanced data capture on welfare and enhancing

available data available data HDRs e.g. current 2HDRs e.g. current 2ndnd OECS HDR on Youth – Social and OECS HDR on Youth – Social and

Economic Justice (Addressing issues of access to health and Economic Justice (Addressing issues of access to health and

education, agency, participation/engagementseducation, agency, participation/engagements) ) MDG Report 2009 – Updating 2004 & 2005 assessmentsMDG Report 2009 – Updating 2004 & 2005 assessments

Some Key issues for next 5-10 yearsSome Key issues for next 5-10 years

Quality of Life Issues – how can statistics Quality of Life Issues – how can statistics assist? - assist? - http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicathttp://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicators/idsd/pdf/power_of_indicators.pdf ors/idsd/pdf/power_of_indicators.pdf

Role of Statistics in making a case for Middle Role of Statistics in making a case for Middle Income Countries (MICs) - Reduced ODA and Income Countries (MICs) - Reduced ODA and perception that we are the least in need. perception that we are the least in need.

Climate change and DRR; andClimate change and DRR; and Strong advocacy for SIDS based on ata and Strong advocacy for SIDS based on ata and

analysis. analysis.

For More InformationFor More Information

Contact:Contact:

Leisa Perch, Programme Mgr, Poverty ReductionLeisa Perch, Programme Mgr, Poverty Reduction

UN House, Marine GardensUN House, Marine Gardens

Hastings, Ch. ChHastings, Ch. Ch

Barbados, West IndiesBarbados, West Indies

Tel: 246 467-6005Tel: 246 467-6005

Fax: 246 429-2448Fax: 246 429-2448

Email: leisa.perch@undp.orgEmail: leisa.perch@undp.org

Website: Website: www.bb.undp.org/poverty/htmlwww.bb.undp.org/poverty/html

THANK YOU!!!