Touseef Abbas Presentation

7/25/2019 Touseef Abbas Presentation

1/47

TTT4160-1Mobile

CommunicationsProfessor Geir E. ien

IET, NTN


2/47

!utline

Course Info an" bac#$roun"

Course %&llabus

'ireless (istor& an" Tren"s'ireless )ision for t*e +uture

Tec*nical C*allen$es

Current 'ireless %&stemsEmer$in$ 'ireless %&stems

%ectrum e$ulation

%tan"ar"iation


3/47

Course Information/Peole

ecturer/

Prof. Geir E. ien, room C42, Ele#troblo## C. Tlf/ 2413.

Mail/ oieniet.ntnu.no.

Teac*in$ 5ssistants/

%bastien "e la et*ulle "e &*o7e, room C31b,Ele#troblo## C. Tlf/ 26288. Mail/ "ela#et*iet.ntnu.no.

C*an$mian 'an$, room C31b, Ele#troblo## C. Tlf/ 2680.Mail/ c*an$miaiet.ntnu.no.
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


4/47

cont9"

Prere:uisites/ TTT41;3 Information t*eor&,co"in$ an" comression < TTT410 =i$italCommunications >or forei$n e:ui7alents?

e:uire" Te@tboo#/Wireless Communications, b& Prof.Andrea J.

Goldsmith>Cambri"$e ni7ersit& Press,a7ailable at Tair boo#store?

Class (omea$e/*tt/AABBB.iet.ntnu.noAcoursesAttt4160AN Bebsite not &et u"ate"...D


5/47

Course ac#$roun"

T*is course is artl& base" on a course B*ic* *as been "e7eloe"an" tau$*t reeate"l& b& ProfessorAndrea Goldsmith>te@tboo#aut*or? at %tanfor" ni7ersit& in t*e ast "eca"e.

Presentation Bill be artl& base" on material from t*e %tanfor"course >cre"its to Prof.Homayoun Hashemifor some of t*esli"es?.

%ulements from locall& "e7eloe" course an" $uest lecturers.


6/47

E@ercises/ !ne comulsor& mi"termF e@ercise, t*e rest 7oluntar& Mostl& Britten e@ercises, but ossibl& also some in Matlab later E@ercises Bill be assi$ne" "urin$ lectures, an" are "ue ne@t

Mon"a& before 1; am for t*ose B*o Bant t*eir ansBers c*ec#e"b& t*e T.5.

No e@ercise assi$ne" to"a&/ rst on Mon"a&, Hanuar& 13t*. (el from teac*in$ assistant Bill be $i7en in E4, Tues"a&s

16.13 - 1.00 >rst on Hanuar& 16t*?. E@ercise sessions >e@cet rst?/ Combination of re7ieB of last

Bee#9s e@ercise < *el Bit* t*e current Bee#9s.

E@am/ 'ritten e@am, 02.00 - 1.00, %atur"a&, Hune ;n",;008

Gra"in$/ 5 - + scale, base" on nal e@am onl&

Course Information,continue"


7/47

TentativeCourse

%&llabus !7er7ieB of 'ireless Communications >C*. 1? A1-08 Pat* oss an" %*a"oBin$ >C*. ;? 13A1-08 %tatistical +a"in$ Mo"els >C*. ? ;;A1-08 Caacit& of 'ireless C*annels >C*. 4.1 - 4..1? ;2A1-08 =i$ital Mo"ulation an" its Performance >C*. 3C*. 2.1 - 2.4? 1;A-08 =i7ersit& >C*. 8.1 - 8.? 12A-08 %rea" %ectrum >C*. 1? ;6A-08 < 16A4-08 Cellular %&stems an" Infrastructure-ase" 'ireless NetBor#s >C*. 13? ;A4-08 T*e G%M %&stem >$uest lecture b& =r.Magne Pettersen, Telelan? 0A4-08

N!TE 1/ 5 more "etaile" s&llabus Bill be *an"e" out toBar"s t*e en" of t*ecourse.

N!TE ;/ Most of t*e rest of t*e boo# Bill be co7ere" b& t*e in-"et* mo"ule>s#all-emne? ommuni#asJons- o$ #o"in$steori for trK"lLse #analerF, fall;008.


8/47

'ireless >Pre-?(istor& Pre-historic times: smoke signals, bonfres,lighthouses, torches1895: frst radio transmission (Marconi, sle o! "ight,18 mile distance#

1915: "ireless $oice transmission establishedbet%een &an 'rancisco and e% )ork19*5: +rthur larke(sci-f %riter# suggestsgeostationary satellites19*.: Public mobile tele/hon0 introduced in 5 2&

cities19*3: n$ention o! cellular conce/t (+44#1953: 'irst de/lo0ed communication satellite(&/utnik, &o$iet 2nion#19.6: 'irst de/lo0ed geostationar0 satellite (+&+#

1931: 'irst /acket-based radio net%ork (+7+4,2ni$ o! a%aii#


9/47

'ireless (istor&,cont9"

+irst Mobile a"io Tele*one 12;4


10/47

Pre-Cellular 'ireless

!ne *i$*l&-ele7ate", *i$*-oBere"antenna in a lar$e ser7ice area

%mall number of c*annels >feBusers?

5nalo$ transmission, ineicient

use of sectrum >no fre:uenc&reuse?

)er& loB caacit&, oBer-ineicient


11/47

T*e Cellular Concet

asic

Princiles/+re:uenc& e-useCell %littin$

>+irst roose" b&D.H. Ringat ell

aboratories, NH,

%5 in 1248.?


12/47

Cellular -Imlementation


13/47

Cellular -Imlementation

NB: Not entirely wireless since

base stations are connected bywired network!


14/47

e-use c*annels to ma@imiecaacit&

Geo$ra*ic re$ions are "i7i"e" into cells +re:uenciesAtimeslotsAco"es reusedat satiall& searate" locations. N! Co"channel inter#erence>betBeen same-color cells beloB?. ase stationsAMT%!s >Mobile Tele*one %Bitc*in$ !ices? coor"inate hando$ and controlfunctions %*rin#in$ cell sie increases caacit& - but also netBor#in$ bur"en..

BASE

STATION

MTSO

ll l *


15/47

Cellular P*oneNetBor#s

%%

MT%!

P%TN

MT%!

%

San Francisco

New YorkInternet

PSTN: Public Service

Telephone Network

* i l


16/47

T*e 'irelesse7olution

Cellular is t*e fastest $roBin$ sector of communication in"ustr&>e@onential $roBt* since 12;, Bit* o7er ; billion usersBorl"Bi"e to"a&?

Mo"ern-"a& $enerationsF of Bireless >re-cellular/ 0G?/

+irst Generation>1G - e@. NMT, ca. 12; - ?/ 5nalo$ ;3 or 0 ( +M,

7oice onl&, mostl& 7e*icular communications. %econ" Generation>;G - e@. G%M, ca. 122 - ?/ NarroBban" T=M5 an"

C=M5, 7oice an" loB bit-rate "ata, ortable units.

;.3G - ;.83G/ En*ancements to ;G netBor# for increase" "atatransmission caabilities >e@. GP% < E=GE, ca. ;000 - ?.

T*ir" Generation>G - MT%AIMT-;000, ca. ;00; - ?/ 'i"eban" T=M5an" C=M5, 7oice an" *i$* bit-rate "ata, ortable units

4t* Generation >4GAG, ca. ;010 - ?/ ... (etero$eneous netBor# ofse7eral interactin$ s&stemsAnetBor#s, not one "e"icate" netBor#O"i7erse, a"7ance", a"ati7e air interfaces, rotocols, an" resourceallocation mec*anismsO multitu"e of ser7ices inclu"in$ *i$*-caacit&multime"ia?

l" l


17/47

'orl" Telecom%tatistics

Crosso7er *aene" in Ma& ;00;...D


18/47

%ubscribers b& Tec*nolo$&- as of Hune ;006

;.41 illion Cellular Customers 'orl"Bi"e

G%MAMT% totals ;. of t*is >G%M "ominates?

(PD: Personal Diital ellular"


19/47

=istribution as of Hune;006

G%M G * 122


20/47

G%M GroBt* - 122 toHune ;006

E i i


21/47

E@citin$=e7eloments

Internet an" lato use e@lo"in$

'ireless 5Ns an" P5Ns $roBin$ rai"l&

(u$e cell *one oularit& Borl"Bi"eEmer$in$ s&stems suc* as luetoot*,

', Qi$bee, an" 'iM5R oenin$ neB"oors

Militar& an" securit& Bireless nee"s Imortant inter"iscilinar& alications

%ensor netBor#s

N # >T*


22/47

NetBor#s >T*e'ireless )ision?

'ireless InternetaccessNt* $eneration

Cellular'ireless 5" (ocNetBor#s%ensor NetBor#s'irelessEntertainment

%mart(omesA%aces5utomate"(i$*Ba&s5ll t*is an" moreS

Ubiquitous Communication Among People and Devices

(ar" =ela& Constra

(ar" Ener$& Constr


23/47

=esi$n C*allen$es

T*e Bireless c*annel is a "iicult an" caacit&-limite" broa"cast communications me"iumD

Traic atterns, user locations, an" netBor#con"itions are constantl& c*an$in$...

Traic is nonstationar&, bot* in sace an" intime

Ener$& an" "ela& constraints c*an$e "esi$nrinciles across all la&ers of t*e rotocolstac# >oints toBar"s cross"layer design%

E l ti f C t


24/47

E7olution of Current%&stems

'ireless s&stems to"a&;G < ;.3G Cellular/ 0-80 bAs.'5Ns/ 10 MbAs.

Ne@t Generation;.83G < G Cellular/ 00 bAs.'5Ns/ 80 MbAs.

Tec*nolo$& En*ancements(ar"Bare/etter batteries. etter circuitsArocessors.

Co-otimiation Bit* transmission sc*emes.

in#/5ntennas, mo"ulation, co"in$, a"ati7it&, =%P,'.NetBor#/=&namic resource allocation. Mobilit&

suort.

G IT " l "


25/47

G/ IT-"e7eloe",MT%AIMT-;000

Satellite

Macrocell Microcell

Urban In-Building

Picocell

Global

Suburban

Basic Terminal

PDA Terminal

Audio/Visual Terminal


26/47

+uture Generations

Rate

Mobility

2G

3G

4G

802.11b WLAN

2G Cellular

Other Tradeo!"

Rate #!. Co#era$e

Rate #!. %elay

Rate #!. Co!t Rate #!. &'er$y

Still" (u'da)e'tal %e!i$' *rea+throu$h! Needed

C t 'i l


27/47

Current 'ireless%&stems

Cellular %&stems

'ireless 5Ns >0;.11aAbA$, 'i-+i? %atellite %&stems

Pa$in$ %&stems

luetoot*

ltraBi"eban" ra"ios >'?

Qi$beeA0;.13.4 ra"ios

'iM5R >0;.16?

'i l l 5


28/47

'ireless ocal 5reaNetBor#s >'5Ns?

'5Ns connect localF comuters

>100 m ran$e?rea#s "ata into ac#etsC*annel access is s*are" >ran"om

access? -

01011011

,'ter'et

A--e!!

oi't

0101 1011

'i l 5N %t " "


29/47

'ireless 5N %tan"ar"s>'i-+i?

0;.11b >Current Generation?%tan"ar" for ;.4G( I%M ban" >bB 0 M(?+re:uenc& *oe" srea" sectrum1.6-10 Mbs, 300 ft ran$e

0;.11a >Emer$in$ Generation?%tan"ar" for 3G( NII ban" >bB 00 M(?!+=M Bit* time "i7ision;0-80 Mbs, 7ariable ran$e%imilar to (ier5N in Euroe

0;.11$ >NeB %tan"ar"?%tan"ar" in bot* ;.4 G( an" 3 G( ban"s!+=M >multicarrier mo"ulation?%ee"s u to 34 Mbs

,' utureall WLAN

-ard! /ill

ha#e all 3

!ta'dard!...


30/47

%atellite %&stems

Co7er 7er& lar$e areas

=ierent orbit *ei$*tsGE!s >2000 m? 7ia ME!s to E!s >;000 m?Tra"e-o betBeen co7era$e, rate, an" oBer bu"$etD

!timie" for one"&ay transmission!a"io >e.$. =5? an" mo7ie >%atT)? 'roadcasting

Most tBo-Ba& s&stems stru$$lin$ or ban#rut...>Too? e@ensi7e alternati7e to terrestrial s&stems

>ut/ a feB ambitious s&stems on t*e *orion?

P i % t


31/47

Pa$in$ %&stems>PersonsL#?

roa" co7era$e for >7er&? s*ort

messa$in$Messa$e broa"cast from all base

stations%imle terminals

!timie" for 1-Ba& transmission

5nsBer-bac# is *ar"(verta)en 'y cellular


32/47

8C32810.61-Cimini-7/98

luetoot*

Cable relacementF + tec*nolo$& >loB

cost?

%*ort ran$e >10 m, e@ten"able to 100 m?

;.4 G( I%M ban" >croB"e"D?

1 =ata >800 bs? < 7oice c*annels

'i"el& suorte" b& telecommunications,PC, an" consumer electronics comanies

+eB alications be&on" cable relacementD

lt 'i" b " "i


33/47

ltra'i"eban" a"io>'?

*m+ulsera"io/ sen"s ulses of tens of icosecon"s >10 -1;?

to nanosecon"s >10-2? - "ut& c&cle of onl& a fraction of a

ercent

ses a lot of ban"Bi"t* >or"er of G(?

oB robabilit& of "etection b& ot*ers < benecial

interference roerties/ loB transmit oBer >"ensit&?

srea" o7er Bi"e ban"Bi"t*

T*is also results in short range.

ut / E@cellent ositionin$ >ran$in$? caabilit& < otential

of *i$* "ata rates

Multiat* *i$*l& resol7able/ bot* $oo" an" ba" Can use e.$. !+=M or e:ualiation to $et aroun" multiat*


34/47

'*& is ' interestin$

ni:ue ocation an" Positionin$ roerties1 cm accurac& ossible

oB PoBer CM!% transmitters100 times loBer t*an luetoot* for same ran$eA"ata

rate

)er& *i$* "ata rates ossible >alt*ou$* lo&s+ectral e$iciency? - 300 Mbs at 10 feet ran$e un"ercurrent re$ulations

8.3 G* of free sectrumF in t*e .%.

+CC >+e"eral Communications Commission? recentl& le$alie"' for commercial use in t*e %%ectrum allocation o7erla&s e@istin$ users, but alloBe" oBer

le7el is 7er& loB, to minimie interference

Moore9s aB a"ioF=ata rate scales Bit* t*e s*orter ulse Bi"t*s ma"e ossible Bit*

e7er faster CM!% circuits

IEEE 0; 13 4AQi$ee


35/47

IEEE 0;.13.4AQi$eera"ios

oB-ate 'P5N >'ireless Personal 5rea NetBor#? - forcommunications U 0 meters.

=ata rates of ;0, 40, ;30 #bs

%tar toolo$& or eer-to-eer oeration, u to ;33"e7icesAno"es er netBor#

%uort for loB-latenc& "e7ices

C%M5-C5 >carrier sense multile access Bit* collisiona7oi"ance? c*annel access

)er& loB oBer consumtion/ tar$ets sensor net&or)s>batter&-"ri7en no"es, lifetime ma@imiation?

+re:uenc& of oeration in I%M ban"s

Interoerabilit& for MicroBa7e


36/47

Interoerabilit& for MicroBa7e

5ccess

%tan"ar"s-base" >P(V la&er/ IEEE 0;.16 'ireless M5N famil&AET%I(ierM5N? tec*nolo$&, enablin$ "eli7er& of Flast mileF >out"oor?

Bireless broa"ban" access, as an alternati7e to cable an" =% >M5N WMetroolitan 5rea NetBor#?. %e7eral ban"s ossible.

!+=M-base" a"ati7e mo"ulation, ;36 subc*annels. T=M>5?-base".

5ntenna "i7ersit&AMIM! caabilit&. 5"7ance" co"in$ < (5X. +i@e", noma"ic, ortable, an" mobile Bireless broa"ban" connecti7it&

Bit*out t*e nee" for "irect line-of-si$*t >!%? to base station.

In a t&ical cell ra"ius "elo&ment of to 10 #ms, e@ecte" to "eli7ercaacities of u to 40 Mbs er c*annel, for @e" an" ortable access.

Mobile netBor# "elo&ments are e@ecte" to ro7i"e u to 13 Mbs of

caacit& Bit*in a t&ical cell ra"ius "elo&ment of u to #ms. 'iM5R tec*nolo$& alrea"& *as been incororate" in some noteboo#

comuters an" P=5s. Potentiall& imortant art of 4G


37/47

=ata rate

#$ kbits%sec

#$$ kbits%sec

# &bit%sec

#$ &bit%sec

#$$ &bit%sec

$ ') * ')#') + ') , ')- ') . ')

/$*0##a

12B3iBee

Bluetooth

3iBee

/$*0##b

/$*0##

+'

12B

4re5uencies occupied


38/47

an$e

# 6

#$ 6

#$$ 6

# k6

#$ k6

$ ') * ')#') + ') , ')- ') . ')

/$*0##a

12B

3iBee Bluetooth3iBee

/$*0##b7

+'

12B


39/47

PoBer =issiation

# 62

#$ 62

#$$ 62

# 2

#$ 2

$ ') * ')#') + ') , ')- ') . ')

/$*0##a

12B

12B

3iBee

Bluetooth

3iBee

/$*0##b+'


40/47

Emer$in$ %&stems

5" *oc Bireless netBor#s

%ensor netBor#s

=istribute" control netBor#s


41/47

5"-(oc NetBor#s

Peer"to"+eer communications. No bac#bone infrastructure >no base stations?.

I.e. Trul& BirelessFD outin$ can be multiho+. Toolo$& is dynamicin timeO netBor#s sel#"organi,e. No centralie" cooor"ination. +ull& connecte", e7en Bit* "ierent lin# %INs >si$nal-

to-interference lus noise ratios?


42/47

=esi$n Issues

5"-*oc netBor#s ro7i"e a Ye@ible netBor#infrastructure for man& emer$in$ alications.

T*e caacit& of suc* netBor#s is *oBe7er &et

$enerall& un#noBn >*ot researc* toic?.

Transmission, access, an" routin$ strate$ies fora"-*oc netBor#s are $enerall& also still a"-*oc...

Cross"layer designcritical an" 7er& c*allen$in$.

-nergy constraintsimose interestin$ "esi$ntra"eos for communication an" netBor#in$>no"es t&icall& batter&-"ri7en?.


43/47

-nergy is the drivingconstraint

No"es t&icall& oBere" b& nonrechargea'le batteries.=ata >sensor measurements? YoB to one centralie"

location >sin# no"e, "ata fusion center?.oB er-no"e rates - but u to 100,000 no"es.%ensor "ata *i$*l& correlate" in time an" sace.No"es can coo+erate in transmission, recetion,

comression, an" si$nal rocessin$.

Ener$& Constraine"


44/47

Ener$&-Constraine"No"es

Eac* no"e can onl& sen" a nite number of bits.Transmit ener$& minimie" b& ma@imiin$ bit timeCircuit ener$& consumtion increases Bit* bit time Intro"uces a delay versus energy tradeo$for eac* bitD

%*ort-ran$e netBor#s must consi"er transmit,circuit, an" rocessin$ ener$& - Jointl&.Most so*isticate" transmission tec*ni:ues not

necessaril& most ener$&-eicientD%lee mo"es sa7e ener$& - but comlicate netBor#in$.

C*an$es e7er&t*in$ about t*e netBor# "esi$n/it allocation must be otimie" across all rotocols.=ela& 7s. t*rou$*ut 7s. no"eAnetBor# lifetime

tra"eos.!timiation of no"e cooeration.


45/47

%ectrum e$ulation %ectrum is a limite" natural resource use" b& man&.

T*e &orld&idera"io sectrum is controlle" b& IT-

>International Telecommunications nion? In-uro+e, b& ET%I >Euroean Telecommunications

%tan"ar"iation Institute?. In t*e /, b& +CC >+e"eral Communications CommissionO

commercial? an" !%M >!ice of %ectral Mana$ementO"efense?.

InNor&ay, b& Post- o$ teletils&net >PT?.

%ectrum can be auctione", ai" @e" rice for, or $i7en

aBa&F >unlicense" ban"s?.

%ome sectrum t&icall& set asi"e for uni7ersal use.

Re$ulatio' althou$h 'e-e!!ary -a' al!o !tu't i''o#atio' -au!e e-o'o)i-

di!a!ter! a'd delay !y!te) rollout... -. MTS !e-tru) au-tio'! i' &uroe


46/47

%tan"ar"s Interactin$ s&stems re:uire stan"ar"iation >comatibilit&,

interoerabilit&?

T&icall&/ Comanies Bant t*eir oBn s&stems a"ote" asstan"ar"D5lternati7el&/ tr& for "e-factoF stan"ar"s

'orl"Bi"e stan"ar"s "etermine" b& IT-T >InternationalTelecommunications nion?

In Euroe, b& ET%I >Euroean Telecommunications%tan"ar"iation Institute?

In t*e % b& TI5 >Telecommunications In"ustr& 5ssociation? IEEE stan"ar"s often a"ote" >also Borl"Bi"e? Process frau$*t Bit* ineiciencies an" interest conYicts...

Sta'dard! or -urre't !y!te)! are !u))ari5ed i' Ae'di6 % i' the

te6tboo+.


47/47

Main Points T*e Bireless 7ision for t*e future encomasses man& e@citin$

s&stems an" alications

Tec*nical c*allen$es transcen" across all la&ers of t*e s&stem"esi$n.

Cross"layer design is emer$in$ as a #e& t*eme in Bireless.

E@istin$ an" emer$in$ s&stems ro7i"e e@cellent :ualit& forcertain alications, but oor interoerabilit&.

%tan"ar"s an" sectral allocation *ea7il& imact t*e

e7olution of Bireless tec*nolo$&.

T*is course Bill *oBe7er focus on 'asic technology issuesrelate" to an" rele7ant for current and u+coming &irelesssystems.

Touseef Abbas Presentation

Documents

Transcript of Touseef Abbas Presentation