Tourism CA gcse geography

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This was my controlled assessment for AQA GCSE geography on the topic of tourism

Transcript of Tourism CA gcse geography

Name: Joyal Jose Candidate number:4118 Centre number:64898 Centre name: Salesian School

Tourism is creating conflict in Lyndhurst (a honeypot site) in the New Forest

Introduction:For our Geography controlled assessment we had to investigate if tourism is creating conflict in Lyndhurst, a honeypot site (A honeypot site is a particularly popular visitor attraction which attracts tourists in large numbers). First of all, tourism means making a holiday involving an overnight stay away from the normal place of residence or visiting a certain place for a day. This is in contrast to recreation which involves leisure activities lasting less than twenty-four hours. This holiday may be based on the cultural, historic, and social attractions of an urban centre, or on the appeal of a different environment. Urban tourism increases the importance of the central place while tourism at the periphery can provide the income for economic development. And Conflict can be defined as a state of discord caused by the actual or perceived opposition (disagreements) of needs, values and interests. The reason why we chose Lyndhurst for our hypothesis is because; the village of Lyndhurst is a hub of activity and receives a large number of visitors each year. It has wide array of shops, eateries and accommodation which provide a lure for tourists wanting to enjoy a typical slice of New Forest village life. However the increasing pressures being placed on the village have had an impact on the very thing people flock to see. I have chosen this question to explore because I have been studying tourism as part of my GCSE course and Lyndhurst, New Forest is quite near to me so it would be easily accessible and appropriate for my investigation. Also it is an acceptable example of a honeypot site so it will be easy to analyse.

National Scale

Y-axis

X-axis

Scale

Lyndhurst is located in New Forrest, Hampshire. The county of Hampshire is situated in the far south of England, roughly half-way between the east and west ends of the South Coast. It is bordered to the west by Dorset and Wiltshire, to the north by Berkshire and to the east by Surrey and West Sussex. And on a national scale Lyndhurst is located in south of England.

Regional Scale

Hampshire CountyY-axis

New forest

X-axisThis is regional map and it is showing that New forest district is on the south west part of Hampshire. And Lyndhurst is the new forest district and it is the capital of new forest. From this map we can see 2 main roads that go straight through new forest including the A31.

20km

Local scale

Y-axis

X-axis200 m

From this map we can see that Lyndhurst town is quite densely populated with lots of streets and buildings and also it has a population of 2973 inhabitants. The road A35 and A337 goes through the heart of Lyndhurst which suggests that there would be a possibility of a lot of traffic coming in and out. And A337 is used to go to one of the nearest towns-Limington.

METHODOLOGYPRIMARY DATA Primary data is first-hand data from us which we collected when we went on our field trip. This type of data is relevant to our conflict investigation as it is a reliable source of data that we have had to get for ourselves by asking questions. This means that there are no things that could have changed the data as we have heard the data for ourselves.In order to gather this information, we were sent off in groups of four. This was a good amount of people to carry out the tourism investigation as larger groups could have scared off local people and could have had a bad impact on our results. When we were collecting the data, such as the car tax survey, we split up so that we were on our own. This allowed us to collect more data that we would share later on with the rest of our group. This way, we were able to get a better view of the impact of tourism in the honeypot site. For our investigation, we were given a booklet. In this booklet there was a map of Lyndhurst, indicating the key areas that we would be investigating. There were also our surveys, including our questionnaires, bi-polar survey, car tax survey and pedestrian and traffic counts. Also, there was space for our field sketches. Having our surveys and field sketches together meant that it was less likely for us to lose sheets.SECONDARY DATASecondary research uses information researched before by other people. This type of research is useful to us investigating tourism in an area as we can gather much more information and get a much wider view of the impacts of tourism. We can take into account the opinions of other people who we may not have spoken to which gives us a better idea of the opinions of people. This research involves gathering information from sources that have already been compiled in written, statistical or mapped forms. Secondary information may supplement primary information but must only play a small part in the investigation.Websites I went on to get more information on Lyndhurst:

1. http://www.thenewforest.co.uk/information/visitor-information-centre.aspx

This site shows all the attractions and activities you can do in Lyndhurst. This website helps me in my investigation as it demonstrated how local people are trying to attract tourists. This is because the website gives information of how the locals are giving tourists information on the honeypot site, therefore showing me how tourism may be wanted by the local community. The website supports my questionnaire because most people said that tourism is beneficial and helpful and in the website it highlights the importance of tourism for tourism.2. http://www.newforestexplorersguide.co.uk/villages/lyndhurst.html

-This website has helped me in my investigation as it shows me what there is that Lyndhurst offers. This shows me what tourists can do and also why lots of people go to Lyndhurst. It supports my land use surveys, as I found lot of areas has many shops and leisure facilities and websites informs about what tourists can do in Lyndhurst.3. http://www.tripadvisor.co.uk/ShowUserReviews-g503849-d1795388-r225759446-Stag_Hotel-Lyndhurst_New_Forest_National_Park_Hampshire_England.html

This website informs us about the different accommodation possibilities in Lyndhurst like hotels, apartments, and flats. It is very useful for tourists. The fact that Lyndhurst is on trip adviser, it reinforces the fact Lyndhurst is becoming a popular tourist destination. It supports my primary research because on the reviews from different people most of them said the road next to stag house is very busy and traffic blocks occur frequently and on my traffic count I found out there was a lot of traffic there.QuestionnairesBusinesses:1)How long have you lived in the area?80% of people had worked in the shops for less than one year.2)Has the area changed since you have been in the area?60% of people answered yes3)How has the area changed?40% answered that the area had got busier and that there was more traffic4)Do you think the changes have benefitted the area?60% of people said that it had as more people are visiting and bringing in money while the remaining 40% said that there was too much traffic5)Have you noticed any changes to the environment as a result of tourism?40% said that traffic is causing more pollution as more people are arriving by cars and busses6)Have there been any changes to the price of property in the area?50% said that they hadnt noticed while 50% said that the market had got better so the prices increased7)Has tourism created any conflict in Lyndhurst?40% said that they had seen conflict over parking8)Has your business benefitted from tourism?100% of people replied yes9)Do you think that there is a wide enough range of shops and facilities for locals and tourists?80% said that there were not enough local shops for locals and that the shops were mainly aimed for tourists10)What do you think should be done to make tourism in Lyndhurst more sustainable?60% said that a bypass should be made to allow cars to travel around Lyndhurst instead of through it, reducing trafficLocals:1)How long have you lived in the area?60% of people said less than 5 years2)Has the area changed since you have been in the area?80% said yes3)How has the area changed?40% answered that there was more traffic4)Do you think the changes have benefitted the area?60% said that it has benefited the local businesses and also it created some jobs. And 40% said it did not benefit because there is a lot of traffic.5)Have you noticed any changes to the environment as a result of tourism?More than 80% people said that there is noise pollution and litter pollution which is caused by tourism. 6)Have there been any changes to the price of property in the area?75% of people said that they did not know and the other few said it has increased a bit.7)Has tourism created any conflict in Lyndhurst?75% said they dont know and they did not notice any conflicts however some people mentioned parking issues and competition between businesses.8)Has your business benefitted from tourism?80% said yes but they all said that other TNC businesses like Budgens9)Do you think that there is a wide enough range of shops and facilities for locals and tourists? 100% said that there were not enough useful shops (food shops)10)What do you think should be done to make tourism in Lyndhurst more sustainable?Make new road to get to other cities and places.

Business AnalysisThe business surveys were taken to have further evidence supporting out hypothesis. From these surveys we can see the local and large businesses have different views on the impact that tourism is having on Lyndhurst. The local businesses tended to notice that the area had changed dramatically due to the fact that they had lived in the area for longer. This meant that they had seen Lyndhurst grow over the many years, showing that tourism is having a gradual impact on Lyndhurst. On the other hand, large businesses such as Budgens and Lloyds bank hadnt noticed much of a difference as they hadnt lived in the area for a long period of time. This shows that large businesses are moving into the area over time possibly due to the increase in tourism. And this could cause conflict because the local business would get affected as more people would go the TNC businesses rather than the local shops and this could make the local shops to run out of business and close down. Most of the people questioned on the business questionnaires only lived there a year so the results are not that reliable although they did say that Lyndhurst has changed. This implies that some changes have occurred in the past year. 60% of people said that the changes benefited the area as more tourists would come go to the businesses. The other 40% said it had a negative and that it brought too much traffic and that this causes pollution. We can see that the views are sort of balanced between too perspectives and this could cause conflict between the people because others might disagree of what you said. More importantly 100% of people said that their businesses benefited and in Business point of view, tourism has a positive impact and they need more tourists. The local questionnaires also had the balance between both sides, tourism is positive and negative. However most people questioned said that they lived for more than a year and this means that the results would be slightly more reliable. The results we got from locals complemented the results we got from the business questionnaires and they both gave evidence for conflict because some people said that there is conflict in parking and this might be because of the increasing amount of tourism in Lyndhurst. As there is slightly more people who said the changes are beneficial rather than creating conflicts it would act as evidence against the fact that tourism in honeypot sites like Lyndhurst creates conflict. However you cant say there is no conflict because 40% of the people said there is and that it was increasing

Questionnaires: Local people/tourists:Locals:1) Where have you come from today?80% said Lyndhurst. 20% said Lymington2) How long have you lived here?40% said more than 20 years3) What sort of things do you do here?60% said shopping. 20% said walking around the area. 20% said wildlife interest4) Do you think tourism is important to Lyndhurst?100% said yes5) Why?People said because it brings in money into the economy (allows businesses to run etc)6) Do you think that tourism has had a positive or negative impact on Lyndhurst?60% said positive as it brings in money. 40% said that it was making Lyndhurst too busy and that large businesses are taking over.7) Do you think tourism is creating conflict?20% said yes as it reduces car parking spaces. Also, the high street is becoming too crowdedTourists:1) Where have you come from today?20% said Southport. 20% said Croydon. 20% said Bournemouth. 20% said Ascot. 20% said Sussex2) What sort of things do you do here?60% said cycling and walking. 40% said wildlife interest3) Do you think tourism is important to Lyndhurst?100% said yes4) Why?As it brings in money to businesses who would not be able to get the money otherwise5) Do you think that tourism has had a positive or negative impact on Lyndhurst?100% said positive due to its economic impact6) Do you think tourism is creating conflict?80% said yes as they think that the locals may get upset that their town is being overcrowded by tourists.

Locals/tourists AnalysisFrom these surveys, we can see that tourists have the opinion that tourism is only having a positive impact on Lyndhurst. This is because they think that it is only binging in money to the area and do not see how the area has changed as a result of tourism. Locals on the other hand see more of a wider view of the impact of tourism as they have lived in the area for longer and seen the area grow into a honeypot site. They can see the positive impacts such as money being brought into the area but also see the impacts that it is having on the historical town. They think that it is not just having a positive impact on the area but negative impacts such as traffic and large businesses taking over. Also they have noticed that a lot more tourists are in the area, meaning that Lyndhurst is becoming more and more crowded. 40% of the locals we asked said that they lived in Lyndhurst for more than 20 years and all the people we asked said that tourism is important because it brings money to the economy and allow businesses to run. The locals in Lyndhurst said that they usually do shopping, walking around the area and wildlife watching in Lyndhurst. So this a few activities you can do in Lyndhurst. The tourists we asked told us that they usually walk around the place and do things do with wildlife. This shows that the locals might see lots of people in the town who are strangers just walking around and doing what they do. So this could cause conflict because the area where they come to do something might be overcrowded or noisy due to the amount of people there. The streets might be packed with people and this means it is harder for locals to get around and also the pedestrian count acts as an evidence for this. Both tourists and locals we asked said that there might be conflict going on in Lyndhurst like the town being overcrowded. In addition the locals said the parking spaces are starting to get regularly full. So from the questionnaire I found out that conflict is created in Lyndhurst due to the increasing amount of tourism.

Bi-Polar surveyLocation 1: Old antiques shop

Location 1 (Antique shop): It has only traffic congestion, litter and green spaces which are below zero on the bi polar survey. This means that this area would be quite busy and could cause conflict because of the traffic issues and the litter may be present due to the increase of tourism in the area as it is a honeypot site.

Bi-Polar survey

Bi- polar ratingsLocation 2: Staghouse

Location 2 (Stag house): Looking at the data you can tell that has it has a very high rating on leisure facilities amount of shops however the green space, parking and traffic congestion are quite low in rating. When it comes to traffic and pedestrian count the stag house has one of the highest amounts of traffic of the four places.

Bi-Polar survey

Bi- polar ratingsLocation 3: Imperial Chinese

Bi- polar ratingsLocation 2 (Imperial Chinese Restaurant): Areas around the Imperial Chinese Restaurant are in very good condition, on the bi polar survey only 2 of the factors are below zero and minus one which means the area is well looked after. The traffic is very low in fact it is the lowest out of the four places it also has the second lowest pedestrian count but it still has a lot.

Bi-Polar surveyLocation 4: Ferrari Store

Bi- polar ratings

Location 4: (Maserati Garage): Many of the factors around the Maserati Garage are in the minus area meaning that there is room for improvement. However it has the lowest traffic count and the second lowest pedestrian count meaning that it is not common place that is visited in Lyndhurst and this might be due to the fact that most locals are elderly; they know its there and that there is no point, just looking around because they know they are not going to buy it.

Traffic and pedestrian counts

LocationsNumber of people

In the four locations, we can see that there is a clear correlation between the traffic count and the pedestrian count. In all four of the locations we can see that the traffic number is considerably higher than the pedestrian count. This suggests that the honeypot site is being used as a route through the New Forest by travellers. This produces pollution as CO2 and other harmful gasses are being released from the cars, motorbikes, Lorries and busses. We can also see that location 3 is the highest traffic area as it has the highest amount of pedestrians and traffic. Whereas, location 4 has the lowest amount of traffic suggesting that it is not used as a main route through Lyndhurst.

Analysis or description

Tax Disk Survey From the tax disk survey we can see that there is a wide range of places that the disks are from. This suggests that the area is attracting many people from all over the country, showing that people are choosing to visit the area tourist activities. Lyndhurst and Lymington have both a relatively low percentage of tax disks from the area. This suggests that the honeypot site is being used mainly by tourists, showing the impact of tourism.

Key

Residential

Local Business

TNC

Recreation

Facilities

Open space

title analysios?

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TRAFFIC COUNT IN LYNDHURST HIGH STREETCHOROPLETH MAP

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This choropleth map shows the areas where there is the most traffic and from the choropleth map we can see the both junctions entering the high street are quite busy. This might be due to the number using the high street to get to Cadnam

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Low=1High=10

This photo shows a TNC business next to a local business and we can see that there can be conflicts between the two businesses for example whose getting more customers and running the business better however they are completely different types of shop. One is a super market and the other is caf. People who want to go to a caf wont go into a super market. We can also see that there are flats on top of the businesses and this could prove how Lyndhurst is getting over crowded.

Analysis: From the sketch we can see two shops that are situated under apartments. This shows us that locals have to live with shops aimed at tourists underneath them. These shops are aimed at attracting tourists as a restaurant and a gallery are things that tourists may want to visit when they come to Lyndhurst. This is another way that we can see how tourism is something that locals have to live with in their everyday lives, showing how it could cause conflict occasionally. The photo shows us all of the details as to how the shops present themselves to the public. Both businesses present themselves in an appealing way that catches the eye of tourists by using large signs and bright colours. The locals on the other hand may want there to be more traditional, less tourist aimed shops, showing another way in which conflict between tourist businesses and locals.Photo 4: New forest Centre

Analysis: From the photograph we can see the expansive New Forest information centre with an extensive car park in front. This reveals to us that Lyndhurst is adjusting keeping in mind the end goal to draw in tourists. These adaptions, for example, bigger car parks may cause clash between the locals and tourists as car parks permit more individuals into the town, thusly conceivably bringing on over population. The locals may feel that their town is, no doubt progressively populated by visitors, along these lines, losing their customary town that they have known for quite some time. They would be seeing a great deal of outsiders all over until it gets to a moment that they are utilized to it. Additionally the way that an information centre has been made, could give locals the feeling that the town needs visitors excessively come into the zone and discover all the more about the town. This could again cause conflict as an information centre implies that sightseers are moving into the region as they are picking up information of the zone, meaning that overpopulation could happen, possibly angry visitors. However there are individuals who are not against tourists coming in and the vast majority of them run businesses. In this manner we can see that Tourism is profiting nearby businesses.

Photo 5: Forest Glade Ice cream cafe

Analysis: From this photograph, we can see that there are two local businesses situated side by side. This suggests that these businesses are competing to attract the most amounts of people to their shops. This can cause conflict in the honeypot site as there may be tension between the two shops as they have to try and make their shop better and more appealing than the other, causing competition. However, by having two local businesses side by side, this suggests that local businesses are able to thrive as well as large businesses, showing no conflict. This is then confirmed by the photograph as we can see the exact details of two shops and can see how they are trying to attract new customers. One shop has chosen to use a variety of eye catching pictures in the windows; however, the other shop has chosen a more traditional approach, choosing a plain design. This shows us different ways in which businesses are trying to bring in their customers as some tourists may like a traditional shop rather that a shop that tries to elaborately sell their goods. This doesn't show a way in which conflict can be caused but shows us how local businesses are adapting to the impacts of tourism.EvaluationDuring this investigation on the conflicts and benefits of tourism, my group and I encountered the most problems whilst completing the questionnaires. This was due to some members of the public not being willing to cooperate; this was expected by our group before we started this investigation strategy. The limitations of the questionnaires for locals were that most people who were locals were the elderly and old people and they all had one view that tourism is affecting them in a bad way because of overcrowding, lot of traffic, seeing lots of strangers. And also some people were quite rude and ignored us and others did not want answer the questions. So it was hard to find local willing to answer the questions. The limitations of the business questionnaires were that we only spoke to 3 people which mean it only a snapshot. And also people could be biased and people not willing to answer the questions. The limitations of the Bi-polar survey were that it was subjective, everyone in groups might have different views and judgements on what are good and what are bad. You could see the scale being limited so sometimes you cant infer what state the area is in. The time of the day is a limitation because different people enter the area at different times also the season and the day of week affects it as well. Although Lyndhurst is a honeypot site it is quite small in area which makes it have not much variation. Furthermore you cant necessarily see factors like air pollution and the factor crime would be rare to be seen when there are lots of people around. I think I have collected accurate data overall, however the questionnaires could be biased depending on the people we asked and in my opinion the bi-polar surveys were scored a bit harshly. To improve we should complete the same questionnaires on two different days to ask a variety of people and to score the bi-polar surveys higher where needed. Another way of improving this investigation is to combine results with the other groups to obtain an average for each method. We can overcome the limitations in many ways for example getting to Lyndhurst to do the surveys when most tourists come and doing repeated data collecting. This way the results will be reliable and accurate as all groups will have a variety of scores. I think all of the methods of investigation were valid and all help to represent possible causes of conflict in the honey-pot site of Lyndhurst.

Conclusion: After the investigation I have concluded that tourism greatly impacts Lyndhurst. There are many cases that show conflict between tourism and the residents of the town, such as: the questionnaire, the bi-polar surveys and the business interviews. From the questionnaire and business interviews our group found that 80% of people believed that tourism creates conflict. They explained that there was a major issue with car parking spaces and local grocery shops. They told us that they had to travel 5 miles away to get their groceries due to the high street being filled with shops to cater for tourists. The bi- polar surveys also shows that there is a large amount of litter in almost all the areas in in the high street which can seriously change the mood of people visiting and can create conflict as the residents don't want people littering in their town. I found out that conflict can be caused due to impacts such as overcrowding, traffic, noise, pollution, large businesses taking over and the fact that their once quiet, peaceful town is being taken over by the impacts of tourism. My hypothesis stated that tourism is creating conflict in Lyndhurst and to some extend my hypothesis was right due to all the negative impacts that are made as result of people visiting. However, I have also concluded that tourism is having a positive impact on Lyndhurst from the questionnaires. Many locals said that tourism was helping their businesses economically and that this is making Lyndhurst a better place as they have more money to spend for themselves. The answer to my hypothesis is that tourism is affecting Lyndhurst and creating conflict but there are positive impacts which are created as well. Therefore I think the conflict side is almost balanced with the positive impacts.