Toronto Food Strategy: Food Access Mapping
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Toronto Food StrategyBring Food Home
Food Access Mapping
Barbara Emanuel
November, 2013
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Toronto Food Strategy
Spearheaded by TPH to foster healthy & sustainable food system
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City of Toronto’s Existing Food Connections
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Toronto Food Strategy Approach
Build/strengthen networks by doing things together
Leveraging resources
Top down & bottom up strategiesfor change
Research & evaluation
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Food Environment Mapping
Better understanding of spatial relationships among income, food access, etc
Changing the discussionon “food deserts”
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Inadequate access to public transit
Few Amenities in Walking Distance
Low Household Income
Lack of Green Spaces
Few Healthy Affordable Food Sources
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Health Inequalities & Inner Suburbs
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Using TPH Inspector Data to Create Maps
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Detroit Cleveland
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= Low Income & no supermarket within 1km walking/driving distance
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Mapping a Food Environment Index
1km radius - street network
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BEWARE THE HIDDEN DANGERS OF PRETTY MAPS
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Maps (like all research) tell us about the next set of questions to ask, rather than telling us THE ANSWERS
GIS Mapping: Questions to Ask
What’s the quality of the data used to create the map?
What was the methodology?
Is it telling the right story or sending us down the wrong path?
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MRFEI Scores for Toronto
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MRFEI Scores for Toronto
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MRFEI Scores & Low Income
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Morningside & Ellesmere
KingstonGalloway
Kipling & Finch
Warden Woods - Teesdale
Flemingdon Park
Markham & Ellesmere
Lotherton Pathway
East ScarbStorefront
Don Mills - Sheppard
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Lotherton Pathway, Toronto – Closest discount grocery 2.5km
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Problem in Toronto is NOT quantity of food stores but quality of retail in many areas
Less healthy food retail envir’t common across Toronto
Many lower income areas have low MRFEI but income does not predict food envir’t score
Schools more likely to have fast food within 500m/1km vs surrounding areas
Findings So Far
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Findings So Far… NOT true that big food retailers are ignoring prime
locations in lowest income communities
Need to look beyond supermarkets at full food retail environment
Need to look at dynamic food sourcing (e.g. environments near homes AND schools, workplaces, transit, etc.)
Photo source: ERA Architects (2012). Healthy Apartment Neighbourhoods By Design: Barriers and Solutions.
Findings So Far
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Density in problem areas doesn’t fit with traditional big food retail models (but they’re trying to adapt)
“Progressive” regulatory legacies can impede alternate food distribution models today
Little support for small food enterprises
Explanations?
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Mobile Good Food Market
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Working with Existing
Small Food Retailers
Healthier Corner Stores
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Approx 8 convenience stores in Toronto for every supermarket
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Kabul Market- Scarborough
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Food Retail Assessment in Scarborough
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Wide variation in small food store models
Many practical barriers for owners to integrating healthier foods
Residents value customer service highly
Insights from Research So Far
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Very little institutional support exists for small-scale food retail
Many store owners keen to serve community, provide healthier foods
Most successful examples we saw prioritized positive relationships with customers
Insights from Research So Far
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Community Consultations
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What Are We Doing with the Research?
Informing implementation of new Residential Apartment Commercial zone
TPH Healthy Public PolicyTPH Healthy Public Policy
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Examples of apt tower communities in GermanySource: ERA Architects (2010). Tower Neighbourhood Renewal in the Greater Golden Horseshoe
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Brian Cook, Research ConsultantToronto Food [email protected]
Barbara Emanuel, ManagerToronto Food [email protected]