Tore Flatlandsmo Berglen EACE workshop June 2007 Air quality, ozone and aerosols in Asia. A model...

Tore Flatlandsmo Berglen EACE workshop June 2007

Air quality, ozone and aerosols in Asia.

A model study

Tore Flatlandsmo Berglen1,2, Terje K. Berntsen1,2, Gunnar Myhre1,2, Ivar S.A. Isaksen1,2, Nguyen Thi

Kim Oanh3,& Le Hoang Nghiem3,4

1 Dep of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Norway2 CICERO, Oslo, Norway3 Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand4 Now at: Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, HCMC, Viet Nam


● OsloCTM2 model description

● Overview of chemical modules

● Results and discussion; a focus on Asia. Gases and aerosols

● Summary and conclusion

Outline


1°×1° is a very fine resolution for a global model, we approach a spatial scale previously known from regional models.

Advantage: avoid noise from boundary conditions. May perform regional AND global studies using the same model runs.

OsloCTM2 has the most important gas and aerosol processes included.

May study both air quality AND climate issues.

What is the main improvement??


● Global Chemical Transport Model

●T21 (5,6°×5,6°) to 1°×1° horizontal resolution

● 19, 40 or 60 layers (σ-coordinates)

● Meteorological data from IFS model at ECMWF (“real weather”), updated every 3 hours. Consistent data.

● Transport; Second Order Moments

● Boundary layer mixing; Holtslag et al. (1990)

● Meteorological data for 2004

OsloCTM2 model description


● Tropospheric chemistry

[● Stratospheric chemistry]

● Sulphur chemistry

● Sea salt

● Nitrate

● Mineral dust

● Organic Carbon / Black Carbon

[● Secondary Organic Aerosols (in progress)]

Overview of chemical modules


● Air quality

● Surface concentrations

● Ozone, NH4+, NO3

-, SO42-, mineral dust

● Harmful, important for public health

Results and discussion; a focus on Asia


31. January 9 a.m & 9 p.m. GMT; afternoon and late night SE Asia

● Tropospheric ozone O3:

- 51 components included in NOx-HC–O3 chemistry (QSSA)


● CMAQ-MM5 Bangkok MR

26-29 January 24-26 March● OsloCTM2 Bangkok MR

OsloCTM2 vs. CMAQ-MM5: High O3 in dry season (2004)


OsloCTM2 vs. EANET: Monthly mean O3 2004


● Ammonium NH4+ & nitrate NO3

- :

- EQSAM module, thermodynamic package by Metzger et al., JGR (2002)

- Fine mode and coarse mode particles

-Ammonium first neutralize sulphuric acid ((NH4)2SO4)

- If more ammonia available, ammonium nitrate can form (NH4NO3)

- Then sea salt may react with HNO3 (coarse mode)


● Ammonium NH4+:

31. July 9 a.m & 9 p.m. GMT; afternoon and late night SE Asia


● Nitrate NO3-:



Comparison with observations


● Sulphate SO42-:

-Sulphur module from Berglen et al., JGR, (2004)

- DMS, SO2, sulphate, H2S & MSA

-Sulphur calculated on-line with tropospheric oxidants;

SO2 is oxidized by OH in gas phase, O3, H2O2, HO2NO2 & metals in aqueous phase.


● Sulphate SO42-:



Comparison with observations


OsloCTM2 vs. EANET: Annual mean SO42- 2004

(Hanoi not included)


● Mineral dust:



● AOD results


● OsloCTM2 in 1°×1° resolution is a fine scale for a global model

● Captures regional phenomena

● Represents well diurnal variation (chemistry and transport)

● Detailed meteorology

● Detailed gas and aerosol schemes.

● Some discrepancies exist, still work to be done (as always)

● Contact: [email protected]

Summary and Conclusion


Sulphur in OsloCTM2


● Tropospheric chemistry: CO

Results and discussion, cont’d



● Tropospheric chemistry: Ozone


Tore Flatlandsmo Berglen EACE workshop June 2007 Air quality, ozone and aerosols in Asia. A model...

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