Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita...
Transcript of Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita...
![Page 1: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX
Václav Báča, David KachlíkTereza Smržová, Martin Holek, Katarina
Hubčíkova, Radek Jakša
Department of
Anatomy 3rd Faculty
of
Medicine, Charles University in Prague
supported by grant FRVS 1101/2008/F3
![Page 2: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MEDIASTINUM SUPERIUSMEDIASTINUM SUPERIUSBORDERS:
CRANIAL:apertura thoracis
sup. (Th1, first
rbs, upper
border
of
sternum)
VENTRAL:manubrium
sterni, ribs
+ muscles
DORSAL:spine, ribs
+ muscles
VENTRAL:pleura
mediastinalis
CAUDAL:theoretical
level
between
angulus
sterni
and
intervertebral
disc
of
Th4-5
CONTENT:Structures in 5 layers mentioned
deepwards:
1. thymus, insertions
of
mm. sternothyroideus
and
sternohyoideus, vasa
thoracica
int. + their
branches
2. layer of veins: vv. brachiocephalicae
(plexusthyroideus
impar, v. intercostalis
sup. sin.) connect
to form
v. cava
sup., ductus
thoracicus,nn. phrenici
3. layer of arteries: arcus
aortae
+ its
branches
4. organs: trachea + its
bifurcation
(at
the
levelof
Th4 vertebral
body), bronchi
principales, esophageus
+ nn. vagi, rr. cardiaci, n. laryngeusreccurens
sin., nodi
lymphoidei
tracheobronchiales, nodi
lymphoidei
paratracheales, membrana
bronchopericardiaca
5. truncus
sympathicus
dx. et
sin, nn. cardiaci, nodi
lymphoidei
juxtaesophageales, m.longus
colli
![Page 3: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
MEDIASTINUM INFERIUSMEDIASTINUM INFERIUS
Mediastinum anterius
Mediastinum medium
Mediastinum posterius
![Page 8: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
MEDIASTINUM ANTERIUSMEDIASTINUM ANTERIUSBORDERS:CRANIAL:theoretical
level
between
angulus
sterni
and
intervertebral
disc
of Th4-5
VENTRAL:corpus sterni, ribs
+muscles
DORSAL:pericardium
CAUDAL:diaphragma
CONTENT:
ligg. sternopericardiaca
nodi
lymphoidei
parasternales,prepericardiaci
vasa
thoracica
int. + their
branches
musculus
transversus
thoracis
![Page 10: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
MEDIASTINUM MEDIUMMEDIASTINUM MEDIUMBORDERS:CRANIAL:theoretical
level
between
angulus
sterni
and
intervertebral
disc
ofTh4-5
VENTRAL:pericardium
DORSAL:pericardium
CAUDAL:diaphragma
CONTENT:heart
in the
pericard
aorta ascendenstruncus
pulmonalis
vena
cava
sup. (+ estuary
of
v.azygos)v. cava
inf.
nervi phrenicivasa
percardiacophrenica
plexus
cardiacus
venae
pulmonalesnodi
lymphoidei
pericardiaci
laterales
![Page 12: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
MEDIASTINUM POSTERIUSMEDIASTINUM POSTERIUSBORDERS:CRANIAL:theoretical
level
between
angulus
sterni
and
intervertebral
disc
ofTh4-5
VENTRAL:pericardium
DORSAL:spine, ribs
+ muscles
CAUDAL:diaphragma
CONTENT:
oesophagus
+
plexus
esophageus
truncus
sympathicus
+ nn. splanchnici
(major, minor, imus)
nodi
lymphoidei
prevertebrales, juxtaesophageales
ductus
thoracicus
v. azygos, hemiazygos
ethemiazygos
accessoria
(+ its
tributaries)
aorta thoracica
+ its
branches
![Page 14: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
RECESSUS PLEURALESRECESSUS PLEURALESrecessus
costodiaphragmaticus
(the
most caudal
place
of
pleural
cavity)
recessus
costomediastinalis
recessus
phrenicomediastinalis
recessus
vertebromediastinalis
![Page 16: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
DIAPHRAGMADIAPHRAGMABORDERS:PARS LUMBALIS (crus
sin.,dx.)
hiatus
aorticus
(between
cruradiaphragmatis, bordered
by lig. Arcuatummedianum)
hiatus
oesophageus
(in cruradiaphragmatis)
foramen
v. cavae
inferioris( in centrumtendineum)
PARS COSTALIS, PARS STERNALIS
trigonum
strenocostale, lumbocostal
CONTENT:
pars
lumbalis
(crus
sin.,dx.)
hiatus
aorticus
(between
cruradiaphragmatis, bordered
by lig.arcuatum
medianum)
hiatus
oesophageus
(in cruradiaphragmatis)
foramen
v. cavae
inferioris( in centrumtendineum)
pars
costalis, pars
sternalis
trigonum
strenocostale, lumbocostal
![Page 18: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SPATIUM INTERCOSTALESPATIUM INTERCOSTALE
BORDERS:
between
two
neighbouring
ribs
CONTENT:
mm. intercostales
ext
(+ membranaintercostalis
ext.)
mm. intercostales
int.(+ membranaintercostalis
int.)
vena
+ arteria
intercostalis
ant. et
post. + n. intercostalis
ramus
collateralis
a. intercostalis
post. + r. collateralis
n. intercostalis
mm. intercostales
intimi
mm. subcostales
![Page 21: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Topographical Anatomy of the Thorax - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/anglickaverze/topographicanatomy_thorax_tisk.pdf · TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX Václav Bá č](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110111/5adb94227f8b9add658e1cb6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)