Topic: EvolutionAim: Describe the various piece of

evidence for evolution.

Do Now: Genetic Engineering ISN

HW: Finish Genetic Engineering ISNCL Genetics Due Monday 3/23Punnett Square Lab due tomorrow.

1. Identify the females.

1, 3, 6, 3

2. Identify the males.

2, 4, 5, 8

3. Identify the individuals who are carriers.

3, 6

4. Identify the individuals who have the trait. 2, 8

3 4 5 6

3 87

1. Identify the structure produced when combining DNA from two different organisms.

2. Identify the technique that is used to combine the desirable qualities of 2 different organisms.

3. Identify the technique in which humans change the genetic makeup of an organism.

4. Identify the technique which genetically identical offspring are produced by using the cells of an organism.

5. Identify the technique that is used to combine the desirable qualities of 2 organisms that are very similar.

Recombinant DNA

Hybridization

Genetic engineering

Cloning

Inbreeding

Cloning an individual usually produces organisms that

(1)contain dangerous mutations(2) contain identical genes(3) are identical in appearance and

behavior(4) produce enzymes different from

the parent

Which process is most similar to the process of cloning?

(1) Fertilization (2) Vegetative propagation(3) Meiosis(4) Gamete formation

Which process could be used by breeders to develop tomatoes with a longer shelf life and to develop cows with increased milk production?

(1) natural selection  (2) genetic engineering(3) sporulation         (4) chromatography

Topic: EvolutionAim: Describe the various piece of

evidence for evolution.

Do Now: Genetic Engineering ISNTake out your evolution reading notes.

HW: Finish Genetic Engineering ISNCL Genetics Due Monday 3/23Punnett Square Lab due Friday.

1. What does structure A represent?2. Identify structure B.3. What technique is illustrated in the

diagram?3. What is this technique used for?

Gene

Genetic engineering

To produce insulin, growth hormone, clotting factors, genetically modified foods

Recombinant DNA

What is evolution?•Change of an species through time

This is an evolutionary tree. According to this diagram, which organisms are found in the present time? Which organisms have become extinct?

1. Identify the 4 major pieces of evidence scientists compare according to the reading.

•Fossils•Biological evidence•Similarities in developmental stages

• Similarities in DNA

2. Define the term ancestor.

•An early form of an organism from which later forms descend.

3. Describe fossils.

• Any trace or remains of an organism preserved by natural processes.

•Bones

•Mold = shape preserved in rock as hollow form

•Cast = mold filled with minerals and hardens

•Petrifaction = remains of organism turns to stone

4. What kind of evidence do fossils provide?

• That 2 species with a common ancestor can develop differently in different locations.

a. Identify the type of rock that fossils are found in. Sedimentary rock

b. Identify the layer that contains the YOUNGEST FOSSILS.

C

c. Identify the layer that contains the OLDEST FOSSILS.

A

d. Identify the layer that contains fossils that are MOST COMPLEX.

C

e. Identify the layer that contains the LEAST COMPLEX. A

F. Describe what occurs to fossils as you move up the layers in terms of age and complexity.As you move up the layers, the fossils become younger and more complex.

Law of superposition

Organisms have evolved from least complex to most complex

youngest

oldest

6. Identify what biological evidence includes.

• Structure and development of living things

7. Identify the 2 types of biological evidence.

• Vestigial organs• Similar structures with

different functions

8. Describe vestigial organs.

• Physical structures that were fully developed and functional in ancestors.

• Have been reduced and unused in later species.

9. Identify 2 examples of vestigial structures.

• Small leg bones in whales

• Leg-like structures in skeleton of snakes

Vestigial organs indicate that they must have been present in a form in which they were highly functional in the ancestral forms.

Topic: EvolutionAim: Describe the various piece of

evidence for evolution.

Do Now: Pedigree Chart Ditto #’s 1 – 8 with your 3 o’clock partner (4 minutes)

HW: Finish Natural Selection Reading Notes

CL Genetics Due Monday 3/23Punnett Square Lab due Friday.

10. How do vestigial structures support evolution?

• Help researchers see how some modern organisms are related to ancestors with similar structures.

11. Identify the name of similar structures with different functions.

• Homologous structures

12. Identify an example of similar structures with different functions discussed in the reading.

• Lizards, bats and manatees have forelimbs with similar bone structure.

Topic: EvolutionAim: Describe the various piece of

evidence for evolution.

Do Now: Pedigree Chart Ditto #’s 1 – 8 with your 3 o’clock partner (4 minutes)

HW: Finish Natural Selection Reading Notes

CL Genetics Due Monday 3/23Punnett Square Lab due Friday.

1. How many generations are represented in the pedigree?

2. In generation 1, which parent is a carrier of the recessive gene?

4

2 (dad)

3. In generation 2, which individual marries someone who is pure dominant?

4. In which generation does the first case of sickle cell anemia appear?

3

3rd generation

5. Which generation contains the most male carriers?

6. Can 2 carriers produce a child with sickle cell

anemia?

3rd generation

Yes

7. Can a normal person produce offspring with sickle cell anemia?

8. Which parents produce 2 children with sickle cell anemia?

No

15 and 16

13. How are similar structures with different functions evidence of evolution?

• Share a common ancestry

14. In line 21 “various animals looked similar in their earliest stages of life.” Identify the word that refers to the “earliest stage of life.”

• Embryo

FISHREPTILE BIRD (chicken)

MAMMAL (human)

15. Describe DNA.

• Genetic material found in all organisms.

16. Describe the code that makes up DNA.

• Made up of 4 different chemical subunits called bases.

• A, T, C, G

17. Describe a gene,

• Segment of DNA that relates to a specific trait or function.

18. How does genetic evidence support evolution?

• The more matches there are in the sequence of bases between 2 organisms, the more closely related they are.

What do all of these similarities suggest?

•These organism evolved from a COMMON ANCESTOR

Let’s summarize…

1. Define the term evolution.2. Where are fossils found?3. Explain how fossils are evidence of

evolution. 4. Identify some other pieces of evidence

for evolution.

  According to one theory, similarities in these embryos suggest common ancestry. As these embryos mature, they will most likely 

(1.) develop new organs according to the nutritional requirements of each organism 

(2.) show no similarity as adults  (3.) continue to closely resemble each other

as adults  (4.) develop the distinctive characteristics of

their species

The fossils found in layer B resemble the fossils found in layer A. This similarity suggests that 

(1.) the fossils in layer B were formed before the fossils in layer A 

(2.) modern forms of life may have evolved from earlier forms of life 

(3.) vertebrate fossils are only found in sediments 

(4.) the fossils in layer A must be more complex than those in layer B

The term "evolution" is best described as

(1)a process of change in a population through time

(2)a process by which organisms become extinct

(3)the reproductive isolation of members of certain species

(4)the replacement of one community by another

Which pair of structures are homologous?(1) wing of an insect and wing of a bird(2) tentacle of a hydra and flipper of a whale(3) front leg of an insect and bones in the leg of a human(4) bones in the front leg of a dog and bones in the wing of  a bat

A study of the position and shape of the bones in the forelimbs of a flying squirrel, a bat, and a beaver showed that the beaver and the flying squirrel appear to be most closely related. This was most likely based on a study in the field of comparative 

(1.) anatomy  (2.) biochemistry  (3.) embryology  (4.) cytology

Two nucleotide sequences found in two different species are almost exactly the same. This suggests that these species 

(1.) are evolving into the same species  (2.) contain identical DNA  (3.) may have similar evolutionary

histories (4.) have the same number of

mutations

Which species will most likely survive changing environmental conditions?

(1)A species with few variations(2)A species that reproduces sexually(3)A species that competes with

similar species(4)A species that has a limited life

span

For these mammals, the number, position, and shape of the bones most likely indicates that they may have(1) developed in a common environment(2) developed from the same earlier species(3) identical genetic makeup(4) identical methods of obtaining food

The first life-forms to appear on Earth were most likely

(1) complex single-celled organisms

(2) complex multicellular organisms

(3) simple single-celled organisms(4) simple multicellular organisms

youngest

oldest

Most complex

Least complex