Topic 4.0 – Society and Electricity
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Transcript of Topic 4.0 – Society and Electricity
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Topic 4.0 – Society and Electricity
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I. Ways to Produce Electrical Energy
A. Using Thermal Energy (Heat)o Coal: Is burned to produce heato Nuclear Fission : Uranium atom is split to produce heato Geothermal : Steam from beneath the Earth’s surface
is used to drive turbines. o Biomass: Biodegradable garbage is burned to produce
heat.o Cogeneration: Taking heat from a manufacturing
process and using it to heat water to steam.
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I. Ways to Produce Electrical Energy
A. Using Thermal Energy (Heat)Basic Steps:1. Heat is used to boil water. (thermal energy)2. Water turns to steam.3. Steam turns a turbine (mechanical energy) 4. Turbine is connected to generator which produces
electrical energy.
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I. Ways to Produce Electrical Energy
B. Using HydroelectricBasic Steps:1. Water is held behind a dam. 2. When reservoir opens, water falls down on a
turbine. (mechanical energy)3. Turbine is connected to generator which produces
electrical energy.
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I. Ways to Produce Electrical Energy
C. Alternative Energy Sourceso Tides: moving water in ocean moves turbineso Wind : wind moves windmills connected to turbines.o Sunlight : sunlight excites electrons in solar panelso Batteries: Use chemical energy to create electrical
energy
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I. Ways to Produce Electrical Energy
D. Renewable vs. Non-renewable ResourcesRenewable resources – those that can be replaced
over short periods of time. Some are continually made.
Ex. Wind, Tidal, Solar, Geothermal, Biomass
Non-renewable resources- those that cannot be replaced if used up
Ex. Coal, Nuclear, Oil, Natural gas
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II. Electricity and the Environment
o The burning of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas) release the following into the air:oSO2 – causes acid rainoNOx – causes air pollutionoCO2 – is a known greenhouse gas
Sidenote: Greenhouse gases increase the Earth’s average temperature
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Mining for coal involves strip mining. It is the process of removing all plants and animals from the area and digging up scoops of coal.
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oWhen generating electricity, water is needed and warm water is released back into the river.oThis alters the temperature of the lake/river and
can kill organisms. (Wabamun)oCalled thermal pollution
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II. Electricity and the Environment
o Nuclear energy produces radioactive wastes that cannot be disposed of.
o Hydroelectric uses dams which can flood hectares of land
o Wind farms/ solar energy requires large amounts of land.
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II. Electricity and the Environment
Even though some energy sources are considered “green” they all cause problems for our environment.
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II. Electricity and the Environment
Sustainability – the idea of using resources at a rate that can be used indefinitely (forever). This includes:◦Using renewable sources of energy◦Reducing personal energy consumption - conservation
Conservation - reducing your own personal consumption of energy
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Video: Alternative energy sources Learn 360