Topic 12 Pss 4 Ppg

TOPIC 12

GROUP COHESION, GROUP COHESION, CONFORMITY CONFORMITY

AND INTERGROUP CONFLICTAND INTERGROUP CONFLICT

Prepared By : Liza Sim Kim Kim for SIDMA COLLEGEPrepared By : Liza Sim Kim Kim for SIDMA COLLEGEPPG COURSE : ESB 2153-PSYCHOSOCIOLOGY FOR SOCIAL SCIENCESPPG COURSE : ESB 2153-PSYCHOSOCIOLOGY FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES

What is a Group?

• Group is a social unit that consists of two or more persons and that has all the following attributes:– Membership;– Interaction among members;– Goals shared by members and– Norms held by members

Group Cohesion

• refers to the extent to which members of a group desire to remain in that group and resist leaving it.

• the bonding together of members of an organization, team etc in such a way as to sustain their commitment to each other.

Cohesion can be enhanced by these factors:

• Membership Boundaries • Familiarity Shared goals• Homogeneity or at least complementarily of styles• Identity• Territory• Team successes • Recognition • Common enemy or competition • Team size • Physical isolation

Nature of Group Cohesion

• Social cohesion: members stay in in the group primarily because they like one another as persons and desire to interact with one another.

• Task cohesion :members stay together primarily because they are heavily involved with the group’s tasks.

Consequences of Group Cohesion

• Affects the amount of interaction among group members.

• High cohesion groups have more influence on each other than members of low cohesion groups.

• Highly cohesion group, members conform more to the expectation of their fellow members.

• Group structure– Group structure as the norms, roles and stable patterns of

relationship among the members of the group.

• Group Norms– Norms are basically rules of conduct that indicate what attitudes

and behaviour might be expected or demanded in particular social situations and contexts.

• Group goals– Group goals are ideals – they are the ends (the aims or the

outcomes) sought by the group and its members.

Intergroup Conflict

• a situation in which groups take antagonistic actions towards each other to control some outcome important to each.

• The term is used in two distinct ways.• conflict between organized group• conflict between persons belonging to

different social categories, not organized groups.

Factors of Intergroup Conflict oPsychological Distance

oCommunication Openness

oLeadership Style

oGoals

oStatus and Power Differences

Negative Consequences of Intergroup Conflict • Cost Increased

• Decreased Morale

• Complaints and Blaming

• Lack of Cooperation

• Reduce Performance

Topic 12 Pss 4 Ppg

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