Top 10 people global
Transcript of Top 10 people global
Individuals Who Changed the World
Top Five Secular People
Top Five Religious People
Most Ruthless Person
Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein
Honorable Mention
• a German-born theoretical physicist. Einstein's work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science.
• He developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics.
• Einstein is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2 (which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation").
• He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his "services to theoretical physics", in particular his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, a pivotal step in the evolution of quantum theory.
Galileo GalileiGalileo Galileian Italian physicist, mathematician,
astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution.
His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent
astronomical observations.
Galileo has been called the "father of modern observational astronomy," the
"father of modern physics," the "father of science,” and "the Father of Modern
Science."
Galileo challenged the Church and the geocentric theory. Due to his support of the heliocentric theory, he was tried by the Roman Catholic Inquisition, found
"vehemently suspect of heresy," forced to recant, and spent the rest of his life under
house arrest.Honorable Mention
Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great
King of Macedon who created one of the largest empires of the ancient world. In 334 BC, he overthrew the Persian King
Darius III and conquered the entirety of the Persian Empire. Alexander died in Babylon in 323 BC and a series of civil wars tore his
empire apart.
Alexander's legacy includes the cultural diffusion his conquests engendered. He founded some twenty cities that bore his
name, like Alexandria in Egypt.
Alexander's mix of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian culture resulted in a new
Hellenistic civilization. He is also the measure against which military leaders
compare themselves, and military academies throughout the world still teach his tactics.
HomeHonorable Mention
William Shakespeare, English dramatist and poet, was author of
the most widely admired and influential body of literature by any individual in the history of Western civilization. His work comprises 36 plays, 154 sonnets, and 2 narrative
poems.
His writings showcased an array of human emotions and situations that still influence theater and film today.
William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare
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John LockeJohn Locke
Enlightenment Thinker who wrote Two Treaties of Government
Natural Rights – Life, Liberty, and Property
Right to overthrow government if King does not protect Natural
Rights
Led to American and French Revolution
Christopher Christopher ColumbusColumbus
Discovered the New World
Led to Global Trade – Columbian Exchange
Spanish conquer South America – Aztec, Incas
Atlantic Ocean becomes major trade route – Sea based Empires
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Johann GutenbergJohann GutenbergHis invention of mechanical movable type
printing started the Printing Revolution and is widely regarded as the most
important event of the modern period.
It played a key role in the development of the Renaissance, Reformation and the
Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based
economy and the spread of learning to the masses.
Gutenberg's printing technology spread rapidly throughout Europe and later the world. His major work, the Gutenberg
Bible has been acclaimed for its high aesthetic and technical quality.
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Sir Issac NewtonSir Issac Newtonan English physicist, mathematician,
astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian.
Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of
motion which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the
next three centuries.
Newton showed that the motions of objects on Earth and of celestial
bodies are governed by the same set of natural laws by demonstrating the
consistency between Kepler's laws of planetary motion and his theory of gravitation, thus removing the last
doubts about heliocentrism and advancing the scientific revolution.1 Home
Ivan the TerribleIvan the TerribleThe first ruler of Russia to assume the title of Tsar in 1547. During his rule he built a wall
around the city of Novgorod making its inhabitants prisoners in their own city.
Everyday between 500 to 1000 people were gathered from the city and were tortured and
killed in front of him and his son.
He was also responsible for the miscarriage of his daughter-in-law, whom he physically
abused for dressing up immodestly, and the death of his son, whom he accidentally struck with a pointed staff during the argument that
preceded after his daughter-in-laws miscarriage. He died in 1584 while playing
chess and is said to have been poisoned.
Honorable Mention
Mao ZedongMao Zedong
Communist Leader of China
Used policies of Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution
Cult of Personality
Suffered through Long March and later defeated Jiang Jieshi in Civil
War.
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Honorable Mention
Otto von Otto von BismarckBismarck
Prussian Chancellor who united Germany using “Blood and Iron”
Nationalist Leader
Changed the Balance of Power in Europe and began militarism in
Europe
Led to WWI
Honorable Mention
Hernando Hernando CortesCortes
Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of
the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under
the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century.
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NapoleonNapoleon
French General who led a coup d’etat and used Military tactics to
expand Napoleonic Empire
Utilized Enlightenment ideals to guide his rule – Napoleonic Law
Code, schools, national bank, etc.
Became a harsh dictator
Helped to spur Nationalism throughout France and Europe.
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Genghis KhanGenghis Khan
United Mongols and conquered the largest land empire in history
Used fierce military tactics
Created Pax Mongolia – Peace along the Silk Road led to
increased global trade
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Adolph HitlerAdolph HitlerAn Austrian-born German politician and
the leader of the Nazi Party. He became the head of state, or Führer, ruling the country
as an absolute dictator of Germany.
He promoted German nationalism, anti-semitism, and anti-communism with propaganda and a cult of personality.
His rearmament of Germany led to the 1939 invasion of Poland and the outbreak of
World War II in Europe. By 1945, Allied armies had invaded German-held Europe
from all sides. However, Nazi forces engaged in the systematic murder of as
many as 17 million civilians, an estimated six million of whom were Jews targeted in
the Holocaust. 2
Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin
Communist Leader of Soviet Union
Used policies of Collectivization and Five-Year Plans to build Soviet
military and industry
Cult of Personality
Helped to start Cold War – no elections in Eastern Europe, support
of North Korea, and blockade of Berlin
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NanakNanak
Honorable Mention
Founder of Sikhism
Lao-TzuLao-Tzu
Honorable Mention
Founder of Daoism
Martin LutherMartin Luther
Wrote 95 Theses
Challenged Roman Catholic Church (Sale of Indulgences) and started the
Protestant Reformation
Led to religious split in Europe (War, Inquisition, search for
religious freedom)
Other Protestant faiths developed (Calvinist, Anglican)
Honorable Mention
MosesMosesA religious leader, lawgiver and
prophet, to whom the authorship of the Torah is traditionally attributed. He is the most important prophet in Judaism, and is also considered an
important prophet in Christianity and Islam.
After killing an Egyptian slave-master, Moses fled across the Red Sea to Midian where he encountered the
God of Israel in the form of a "burning bush“ and later received the
Ten Commandments.
After 40 years of wandering in the desert, Moses died within sight of the
Promised Land. 5
ConfuciusConfucius
Chinese thinker and social philosopher, whose teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced
Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese thought and life.
His major works were called the Analects of Confucius and major ideas focused around the five relationships.
(Parent to Child, Ruler to Subject, Husband to Wife, Old to Young, and
Friend to Friend)4
Siddhartha GuatamaSiddhartha GuatamaKnown as the Buddha following his own
personal enlightenment. He used this newly acquired knowledge to instruct others in his faith to reach Nirvana, which is the end of all suffering.
Gautama, now Buddha, then became a teacher and instructed monks and other followers in the ways of Nirvana, or the
shedding of suffering, and the pathway to enlightenment, among many other
lessons and concepts.
Buddha was very clear to emphasize that he was not a god, but rather an
enlightened man. Buddhism is the fourth largest organized religion in the world
today. 3
Jesus ChristJesus ChristThe central figure of Christianity, which views Jesus as the Messiah
foretold in the Old Testament. Most Christians believe him to be the Son
of God.
The theme of Jesus' teachings was that of repentance, unconditional
love, forgiveness of sin, grace, and the coming of the Kingdom of God.
Christianity spread throughout the Roman Empire under a version
known as Nicene Christianity and became the state religion under
Theodosius I. Over the centuries, it spread to most of Europe, and
around the world.2
MuhammadMuhammadThe founder of the religion of Islam
and is regarded by Muslims as a messenger and prophet of God (All hā ),
the greatest law-bearer in a series of Islamic prophets and by most Muslims
the last prophet as taught by the Qur'an.
Muslims thus consider him the restorer of an uncorrupted original
monotheistic faith (isl mā ) of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and
other prophets.
He was also active as a diplomat, merchant, philosopher, orator,
legislator, reformer, military general, and, according to Muslim belief, an
agent of divine action. 1Home
Louis XIVLouis XIV
Absolute King of France
Claimed to rule through Divine Right
Taxed people and spent money on himself - Art, Palace of Versailles,
War, etc
France later becomes bankrupt, which sparks French Revolution
under the rule of Louis XVI
John LockeJohn Locke
Enlightenment Thinker who wrote Two Treaties of Government
Natural Rights – Life, Liberty, and Property
Right to overthrow government if King does not protect Natural
Rights
Led to American and French Revolution
Otto von Otto von BismarckBismarck
Prussian Chancellor who united Germany using “Blood and Iron”
Nationalist Leader
Changed the Balance of Power in Europe and began militarism in
Europe
Led to WWI
Karl MarxKarl Marx
Wrote Communist Manifesto
Challenged Laissez-Faire Capitalism
Led to Vladimir Lenin and Russian Communist Revolution
Led to Cold War between Soviet Union and USA 1947-1991
GandhiGandhiThe political and spiritual leader of
India during the Indian independence movement.
He pioneered satyagraha—resistance to tyranny through mass civil
disobedience, a philosophy firmly founded upon ahimsa or total
nonviolence. (Salt March, Homespun Movement, Quit India)
Gandhi is commonly known around the world as Mahatma Gandhi or
"Great Soul."
Emperor MeijiEmperor Meiji
Emperor of Japan – came to power after Commodore Matthew Perry ended Tokugawa isolation
Modernized Japan – influenced by United States and Europe
Led to Japan becoming an Imperial power in the East and the
invasion of Manchuria and start of WWII (Pearl Harbor)
William Shakespeare, English dramatist and poet, was author of
the most widely admired and influential body of literature by any individual in the history of Western civilization. His work comprises 36 plays, 154 sonnets, and 2 narrative
poems.
His writings showcased an array of human emotions and situations that still influence theater and film today.
William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare
Charles DarwinCharles Darwin
Charles Darwin achieved lasting fame by producing considerable evidence that species originated through evolutionary change, at the
same time proposing the scientific theory that natural
selection is the mechanism by which such change occurs. This
theory is now considered a cornerstone of biology.
John LockeJohn LockeMuhammadMuhammad
MuhammadMuhammad Louis XIVLouis XIV
John LockeJohn LockeSiddhartha GuatamaSiddhartha Guatama
Jesus ChristJesus Christ Louis XIVLouis XIV
Emperor MeijiEmperor MeijiJesus ChristJesus Christ
Sir Isaac NewtonSir Isaac Newton Genghis KhanGenghis Khan
Genghis KhanGenghis KhanKarl MarxKarl Marx
Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus Otto von BismarckOtto von Bismarck
Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus Sir Isaac NewtonSir Isaac Newton
GandhiGandhiOtto von BismarckOtto von Bismarck
Martin LutherMartin Luther NapoleonNapoleon
Martin LutherMartin Luther Johann GutenbergJohann Gutenberg
Joseph StalinJoseph StalinNapoleonNapoleon
ConfuciusConfucius Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin
Adolph HitlerAdolph HitlerWilliam ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare
William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare Siddhartha GuatamaSiddhartha Guatama
Johann GutenbergJohann Gutenberg Adolph HitlerAdolph Hitler
Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei ConfuciusConfucius