Too Many Humans? 7 Bil lio n and Gr ow ing ….. 10,700 babies/hour10,700 babies/hour.
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Transcript of Too Many Humans? 7 Bil lio n and Gr ow ing ….. 10,700 babies/hour10,700 babies/hour.
Too M
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Too M
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7 Billion and Growing….
• 10,700 babies/hour10,700 babies/hour
•Applied science dealing with population numbers
3 Categories: Developed Countries, Moderately Developed (Developing), Less
Developed (Developing)
Demographics of Countries
http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/popclockworld.html
Developed Countries
•Highly Industrialized
•Low birth rates
•Low Baby Mortality
•Longest Life Spans•Highest avg.
GNP’s
US, Europe, Japan
Moderately Developed Countries•Medium-level of Industrialization
•Higher birth rates, Higher Infant Mortality Rates,Shorter Life Spans
•Lower avg GNP’s
Mexico, Thailand, S. America
Less Developed Country•Agricultural - low industry
•Highest birth rates, Highest Infant Mortality, Shortest Life Spans
•Lowest average GNP/GDPs
Ethiopia, Laos, Bangladesh
GDP’s of the World
• Burundi = $125 per capita
• Kenya = $780 per capita
• Mexico = $9,000 per capita
• US = $45,000 per capita
• Luxembourg = $103,000 per capita
Around the World…
1. China: 1.4 billion
2. India: 1.12 billion
3. US: 300 million http://www.census.gov/population/www/popclockus.html
4. Indonesia: 218 mill.
5. Brazil: 190 million
How Does Industrialization How Does Industrialization Affect Population Size?Affect Population Size?
The The Demographic Demographic
TransitionTransition
**Seen during and after Industrial Revolution**
STAGE 1PRE-INDUSTRIAL
• High birth rate (high IMR)
• High death rate
• Low pop growth
STAGE 2 TRANSITIONAL• Industrialization
• >food availability
• >Health care• Birth rate stays
high• Death rate begins to fall• Pop grows
quickly
STAGE 3INDUSTRIAL
• Birth rate falls to near death rate
• better jobs and education for women
• Decline in IMR
• Pop growth rate continues, but is low
STAGE 4POSTINDUSTRIAL
• Birth rate falls more• Birth rate = death rate• ZPG• Then, birth rate
declines more; less than death rate = neg. pop growth
• Unsustainability to sustainability
• Very few countries
Infant Mortality Rate
• # of babies per 1000 that don’t make it to their 1st yr
2006 Infant Mortality Rates2006 Infant Mortality Rates
Replacement Level Fertility
• # of kids that a couple should have to replace both parents
= (2.1 - 2.5)
Total Fertility Rate
• avg # of kids that a woman will have in her reproductive years
(0 - 5+)
Pakistan = 4.6 TFR
United Kingdom = 1.6 TFR
United States = 2.1 TFR
Predicting Population Changes using Age
StructureStructure
Comparing Age Structure
Pyramid Age Pyramid Age StructureStructure• > people are at/near child-bearing, 15
Rectangular Age Structure• Zero Pop Growth (ZPG): B = D
Inverted Pyramid Age Structure• Not enough reproductive women to replace
lost individuals; pop decreases.