No 1

C m s 1

bi "Change/ shift/ alter /modify/ transform" (transform l t academic thuc sublist 6)

Cu to t Cm t Climate change Alter/ alterable/ alteration/ Transform/ transformable/ transformation

Cu v d Change: "Don't change the topic!" /climate change adversely affects numerous people in the world/ Shift: "Because of the recent large assaults in town, there is a great shift in public opinion about how the governors should run it. /That teacher shifts in methodology teaching attributes considerably to kids success/ Alter: "Since his beloved's death, he's altered his way of living noticeably" Modify: "They modified their concept of true friendship after having been betrayed"./ it is advisable that some companies modify their product in order to meet customers demands/ Transform: "The politician transformed his opponent's statement into another statement by using straw fallacy"/the innovations of scientist transform humans life/

Ghi ch dng 'alter one's way of life" ch t khi dng "change. Change vi alter gn ngha nhau bn . u l thay i c, nhng change thin v ngha l mnh thay i 1 th g hon ton, v d nh "everything is changed" - mi th gi i khc ri (trc y khng c A, gi c A; trc y c B, C, gi c B, C, D, E...); trong khi , alter dng ging nh l mnh ch thay th 1 ci ny bng 1 ci khc khc hn ci c. V d nh 'He altered the orders of the must-do list', tc l ci order c sn, mnh xp li. Nhng nhn chung alter v change ngha rt gn nhau. Cn transform (gm trans v form), trans thng thy trong vic thay i (v d nh transgender: chuyn gii) cn form l hnh dng. Cho nn, transform dng trong nhng trng

2

2

"achieve/

Achieve/ achieving/ achieved/ succeed/ achievable/ unachievable accomplish/ achievement Succeed/ attain successful/ (achieve thuc success/ su successfully bli Accomplish/ accomplished/ st Accomplishment 2, att Attain/ ain Attainable/ su /unattainable/attainment bli st 9) "happy en din g/

To achieve greatness, one should stay focused She succeeds in defeating her foe" That was one of the Admiral's greatest accomplishments Most of us students attained the goals we'd set before" acquire/acquirement/acquired " He acquires a good reputation"

hp thay hnh i dng. Trong Harry Potter c c McGonagall dy mn Transforming . Hoc v d: "The alchemist transformed the sand on the table into gold" b sung t acquire ch nh. get/gain/ obtain/ vi cm 2 n th bn ch cn nh 1 s collocation ca cc t khc nhau thui, chng hn "mission accomplish" hay "attain the goal" l c ch v ngha th ko khc nhau nhiu

3

3

"They are madly in love and thus, have a happy ending after having been through thick and thin" "There are lots of similarities and differences between the sketch and the final version of a drawing"

2 t eventually v ultimate u l cc t academic thuc sublist cao 8 v 7.

last section/ final version/ eventual out co me / terminal sta tio n /ultimate res po nsi bli ty 4 4 "estimate/ predict/ forecast /anticipate (anticipate Estimate/ underestimate/ overestimate/ estimation/ estimated Predict/ prediction/ predictable/ unpredictable/

"The disctintion of 'ass' and 'butt' is the last section of this chapter" "They will ask you to show your ticket at each terminal station" One of the usual mistakes that many non-native speakers make is the eventual outcome of how they try to pronounce correctly some difficult words, like 'specific' or 'ghosts', manufacturing multiple endings, which is not neccessarily correct" it is undeniable that people's ultimate object/goal/aim/ target/ is discovery what their true love is Manager always has ultimate responsibiliy for whatever happened.

"Back-up, I need back-up - Roger that! Where is your current location? - Right behind the west main building. - Roger! Estimated time of arrival (ETA) 5 mins" "She had predicted that Obama would be the next President and It turned out to be true, which is to say, she has a real ability of prognostication" Because of recovery of global economy, Viet Nam Economists predict that in 2011 growth

predictive l tnh t ch kh nng c th tin on trc s vic, predictable l c th on trc, bit trc c nh l quyn sch hay l b fim d bit trc kt qu y

th u c su bli st 9) B sung thm t for ese e

predictive. Anticipate/ anticipation/ anticipative(ly)/anticipata ble anticipated inflaction shipping forecast anticipatory (adj) v estimator (n)

rates of Viet Nam will increase by 2% more than in 2010 thanks to utilizing the evolution of technology in prediction, scientists are likely/possible/feasible to anticipate future of Earth. shipping forecast: a radio broadcast that says what the weather will be like at sea

5

5

"like/ be keen on/ be fond of/ be enthusiatic ab out / be passionate ab out " be crazy about

Like/likeable/ Alike Enthusiatic/ enthusiasm

i like to play badminton i could be keen on solving puzzle i'm enthusiatic about Classic Russian Literature I'm passonate about collecting stamps and postcards "She likes reading literary books" "There are many kinds of books here in this library, such as: comics, adventures, linguistics, general sciences and the like" "British people are keen on gardening" I was really taken aback by his new enthusiasm about traveling by cars, which he'd hated a lot before" I'm keen on reading newspaper I'm enthusiastic about meeting new people I'm passionate about drawing and writting

Ci n c nh nn luyn tp dng trong speaking i vi cu hi dng "Do you like...". Khi nu reply theo kiu "yes, I like..." th s rt nhm m cn b nh li over-use the word "like", nh th hy c gng thay i i cht bng cch t cu dng cc cm trn mi ngi nh^^ fervour = avidity = enthusiasm (n) fervid = fervent = ardent = avid = passtionate = enthusiastic (adj)

6

C u

"brain-drain"

Brain drain is a problem for many poor countries losing skilled workers to richer

It reflects the situation in which the intelligentsias in

kh

7

6

ban/ forbid/ prohibit/

Prohibit/ Prohibition Forbid/ Forbidden cm: God forbid Prevent/ Prevention

countries Brain-drain is one of the causes for the increasing unequality between rich and poor countries brain drain is a popular phenomenon in the developing countries. Nowadays, brain drain is one of the big problems of Vietnam. "His vision was for a "University of the Lakes" which could prevent the brain drain of bright young things from a county which couldn't offer them any higher education." brain drain is 1 phenomenon that skilled workers move from their countries where they are trained to other countries. "Brain drain can occur either when individuals who study abroad and complete their education do not return to their home country or when individuals educated in their home country emigrate abroad for higher wages and opportunities" How to solve brain-drain problem is difficult question with deprived countries namely Viet Nam which,owing to lack of budget,are imposible to generate positive enviroment for development of their talent citizent. with a view to preserving people health especially kids, government prohibits smoking in the public places. by dint of steep development of technology, lack of vital skills including computerization, teamword, presentation forbids some students to adhere to competitive labour market.

a country go to other countries to work and live thc ra y l 1 t va hay va d nh bi n l 1 dng chi ch kiu t ly trong ting Anh, ci n cc bn c th cp n khi ni n ch gio dc hay vic lm ca task 2 ah^^

Thm t prevent v Bar na nha. T prohibit thuc academic sublist 7 nha

not allow/ not permit"

FORBID/ FORBIDDEN/ FORBIDDING/ FORBIDDINGLY/ PROHIBIT/ PROHIBITION/ PROHIBITIVE/ PROHIBITIVELY/ PROHIBITIONIST - BAR banned/banning A banned substance

8

7

"solve/ handle/ deal with/ cope with/ tackle" address CRACK

SOLVE/ SOLUTION/ SOLUBLE/ SOLUBILITY Solvable/ Insolvable HANDLE/ HANDLING/ HANDLER/ TACKLE/ TACKLER/ Tackling

immunization assist infants in preventing hazardous diseases. Both of them felt miserable because their love was forbidden. The law prohibiting student demonstrations has just been done away with. - Smoking is completely banned in every area of this museum. - My parents do not allow me to go out after 10p.m. - The situation does not permit any mistakes, otherwise the whole plan will be totally ruined. / He was barred from the pub because of his unacceptable behaviour the previous night. In China, drunk driver is banned from driving for 3 to 6 months; Smoking is banned in hospital A banned substance is a drug that people competing in a sport are not allowed to take because it improves their performance The police are making every effort to solve the case. "Why don't you try flirting with her? - Nah, she's kinda an insolvable puzzle, you know. She's unfuckable." Knowing how to handle yourself is of great importance for you to be successful in this field. "I'm a fully-trained babysitter. I can assure you that I can handle everything this baby can dish out." The crisis is being seriously tackled by the Government. You know what, tackling inflation and corruption and bureaucracy and shit like that in

a solution to sth; soluble in sth: c th ha tan c; up to handle: hon ton, y , ht sc - "She enjoyed the party up to handle" fly off the handle: mt bnh tnh, ko t ch c

Contend with

9

8

delay/ postpone/ suspend/ pending/ hold up/ retard DETAIN DEFER PROCRASTIN ATE

DELAY/ DELAYER -POSTPONE/ POSTPONEMENT/ POSTPONABLE/ POSTPONER SUSPEND/ SUSPENSE/ SUSPENSION/ SUSPENSIBLE/ SUSPENSIBILITY PENDING/ PENDENCY RETARD/ RETARDATION PROCRASTINATE/ PROCRASTINATION

this country is just impossible" I admire her just because of her ability to deal with awkward situations in such a tactful way. - At first I had to struggle to cope with several difficulties but then the job turned out to be much more interesting than I had imagined. The Math problem was quite tough, but after hours of thinking, I finally got it successfully cracked. Haven't you sent the letter? Send it now without delay or you're fired. Lack of evidence has led to the postponement of the trial. His aggressive attitude earned the player a twomatch suspension Don't u feel thirsty? I'll go to buy some drinks. Read this pending my return. The traffic was being hold up by an accident. We could hardly move. Brain-drain has retarded the development of many poor countries He has fallen behind because of his continual procrastination. Sorry, I'm late. I was detained at the police station for questioning, just because I had witnessed a stupid fight on the street. On no account should you defer the decision since nowhere else will you find a more wonderful job.

T suspend thuc sublist 9 nha c nh

10

Kh c

Easy/ Straightforwa

rd/ Uncomplicate d/ Painless assert /cl ai m/ ass um e/ pr ote st 11 9 advantage/ pull factors/ plus point/ clear benefit/ further merit ADVANTAGE/ ADVANTAGED/ ADVANTAGEOUS/ ADVANTAGEOUSLY/ DISADVANTAGE/ DISADVANTAGED/ DISADANTAGEOUSL Y Advantage: "What an abomination that he keeps taking advantage of his riich girl friend!" Pull factors: "Pull factors are factors or conditions that attract people to a new area" (opp: Push factors) Clear benefit: "We recommend this new bill, given the clear benefits and advantage it may offer to our citizenry after having been passed into a new law, to our P.M" Further merit: "We should listen to the sound of God. Our souls will be set free if we do after his teachings. One further merit of listening to God is Cm ny c th dng cho writing v speaking (part 3) nha mi ngi. c bit cnh gic khi t 'advantage" ng vai tr signal word trong cu hi nhiu la chn ca listening (section 2, 3, 4) m bng th li nhc n t khc. Khi th sinh nh mnh rt d miss cu n v cha kp nhn ra th bng

that we may have our minds cleaned" ADVANTAGE/Well, you know, everything has two sides and it is clear that in this case the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. PULL FACTOR/ Good jobs and positive prospect of life may be some of the pull factors for urbanization. PLUS POINT/ One of this device's plus points is that it is light and portable. CLEAR BENEFIT/ He didn't bother to contribute any idea, claiming that even solving that problem showed no clear benefit. FURTHER MERIT/ Her unthoughtful behaviour did nothing but give further merit to the rumours. PLUS/ You'd better consider the pluses and minuses of it before making a final decision. VIRTUE/ Seeing no virtue in staying longer, he left without reluctance. Hehe c c the pros and cons cng hay dng na n ^o^ em thy 1 ng v cng thng dng l weigh up the pros and cons of sth = consider the pluses and minuses/ advantages and disadvantages of sth :D / Disadvantage disadvantaged/disadvanta Big/major/grave/serious disadvantage~> People gous who are looking for a job will find themselves with a 'grave disadvantage' if they do not have any skill in IT (http://www.certforums.co.u k/forums/news/30272-lack-skills-causes-gravedisadvantage.html) Put/place/have someone at a disadvantage ~> I felt I had him at a disadvantage, had caught him

tri qua mt ri=,= mt s cm hay dng trong writing :D, advantages and disadvantages, convenient and drawbacks, opportunities and challenges, merits and demerits.

12

10

"disadvantage /negative aspect/ drawback/ push factor/

limitation"

in the mood of indiscretion; and to tell the truth I was not curious to learn what might have driven a young medical student out of London. (The Island of Doctor Moreau by Wells, H.G. ) The advantages/benefits outweigh the disadvantages (=there are more advantages than disadvantages ) ~> "I am convinced that the benefits outweigh the disadvantages of sending workers overseas." (http://www.asiaviews.org/i ndex.php?option=com_conten t&view=article&id=9687%3Af eaturesalias21&catid=5%3Afeatures&Itemid=27) Social/economic/educationa l disadvantage (=a situation in which someone has a much lower social, economic, or educational level than other people ~> Educational disadvantage is demonstrated in many ways, most often in poor levels of participation and achievement in the formal education system. SHORTCOMING/ The project was highly appreciated in spite of some shortcomings. DOWNSIDE/ Generally speaking, I'm quite satisfied with my celebrity. The only downside of it is that I have to sacrifice my private life. (opp: upside) CITY / I prefer life in big cities to that in the countryside. URBAN / The more people move to big cities, the more serious urban environmental problems have become. COSMOPOLITAN / It is said that the U.S is one of the most cosmopolitan countries in the world.

13

11

city/urban/ civic /municipal/

CITIFIED / URBANIZE/ URBANIZED/ URBANIZATION / COSMOPOLITANIZE/ COSMOPOLITANISM MUNICIPALIZE/

cosmopolitan/ metropolitan

MUNICIPALIZATION/ MUNICIPALITY METROPOLIS/

CIVIC/ The declaration laid great emphasis on civic rights. MUNICIPAL/ / Thousands of people of the city are demonstrating against the municipal council. METROPOLITAN/ All the colonies were heavily exploited in order to serve metropolitan France.

14

12

do/conduct/ perform/ carry out/ execute /implement

/ conduct (n) / conduction / conductor / conductress / conductance / conductive / performance / performer / performing / performative

Conduct (v) "Many scientists have conducted a lot of studies about genetic disposition lately" Perform "The performance will start ar 7, I guess" We should get our admin executed for her cruelty =))

15

13

contain/ consist of/ comprise/ make up/ account for occupy , include, involve

contrainer/ containerize/ containerization/ con tainment Comprise = consist of = be comprised of

Contain/ "You can keep these bars of chocolate longer if you give them room of an airtight container and then put that into a fridge" Consist of: include or be formed from / consist in (normally mistaken): main part or feature of the thing "This class consists of 25 students, let alone the form teacher" // "Her beauty consists in her eyes" Comprise = consist of = be comprised of "The library comprises more than 5000 books at all kinds" Make up "Let's make up a story about her love" Account for = explain "This terrible epidemic can

2 ci make up v account for hay dng cho writing task 1 bn ah khi miu t t l tht nghip nm 1990 chim 5% chng hn.

account for the number of dead people lately" 16 14 "enough/ adequate/ sufficient >< lack of/ shortage/ deficient" / ADEQUACY/ADEQUA TELY/INADEQUATE/ INADEQUACY/ INADEQUATELY/ /SUFFICIENTLY/SU FFICIENCY/ INSUFFICIENT/ INSUFFICIENTLY/ INSUFFICIENTLY/ / DEFICIENCY/ DEARTH/ ABSENCE/ SHORTFALL/ SCARCITY ENOUGH/ I've quit the job at that office. I've had enough of being told what to do. ADEQUATEThe question was not really difficult but very few students could give an adequate answer to it. SUFFICIENTOur factory is being confronted with difficulties because of an insufficiency of well-trained workers. LACK OF/ His lack of skills is putting his job in jeopardy. SHORTAGE/ A potential water shortage has posed a major threat to our world. DEFICIENT/That his diets are deficient in nutrition leads him to suffer from many health problems. enough: regardless of being enough times, some students are unlikely to finish their assignment on schedule. Lack/Adequate/inadequate: lack of educatedlabour results in company being inadequate to meet customers demands. shortage/. Because of shortage of funds, developing countries are impossible to tackle poverty without support of developed nations. Deficient/deficiency/ (in smt) : Know/knowledge/ it is easy to broaden your knowledge with the support of internet. Understand/understanding/ professiors possibly assist their studens in understanding profoundly lectures. Shortage l danh t cn short of l tnh t, lack of sth l danh t cn ng t ca n dng theo cu trc: lack + N T adequate l t academic thuc sublist 4

17

15

know/ understand/ figure out/

KNOWLEDGE/ KNOWLEDGEABLE/ KNOWLEDGEABLY/ /knowing/knowable/ unknown/ knowledge/

comprehend/ perceive

knowledgeable/ knowledgeably/ acknowledge/ acknowledgement/ knower UNDERSTANDING/ UNDERSTANDABLE/ UNDERSTANDABLY/ COMPREHENSION/ COMPREHENSIVE/ COMPREHENSIVELY/ COMPREHENSIBLE/ COMPREHENSIBILITY comprehending/ comprehendingly /noncomprehending/ noncomprehendingly/ comprehension/ /precomprehend/ intercomprehend/ uncomprehended/ uncomprehending/ uncomprehendingly/ self-comprehending/ well-comprehended PERCEPTION/ PERCEPTIVE/ PERCEPTIVELY/ PERCEPTIVENESS Perceivable /perceivability /perceivably/ perceiver

KNOW/ I think you should ask Jane about those things. She's extremely knowledgeable about American history. UNDERSTAND/ She was really confident of winning the match so her disappointment is perfectly understandable. FIGURE OUT/ She is a mystery, it's really difficult to figure her out. COMPREHEND/ / I was at a loss to comprehend his behaviour, but now I know the reason why. PERCEIVE/ /It is impossible to change the public perception of celebrities like Paris Hilton or Lindsay Lohan. GRASP/ He is a real idiot! I have taught him many time but he still fails to grasp how to do such a simple thing! "This subkect is in the know. Outsider like you will never know nothing"

"This is a very good I idea. But, look, don't you perceive the obstacles and difficulties when putting it into practice?"

18

16

one/only /unique/sole/ exclusive

/perceivedly/ perceivedness /perceiving/ perceivingness/ nonperceiving /reperceive /reperceiving/ self-perceiving/ well-perceived/ unp erceived /unperceiving UNIQUELY/UNIQUEN ESS SOLELY EXCLUSIVELY/ EXCLUSIVENESS/ EXCLUSIVITY

19

17

discuss/ debate/ consult/ confer

ONE/ The US is one of the world's most powerful countries. ONLY/ They rushed to the airport only to realize that they had left their tickets at home. UNIQUE/ / How lucky she is to be gifted with such an unique talent. I just can't conceal my envy of her. SOLE/ / I am fed up with him. Every time I talk to him, the weather is his sole topic of conversation. EXCLUSIVE/ / There used to be a common belief that serving in the army was exclusively for men. DISCUSS/DISCUSSION After lengthy discussions, we eventually made DEBATE/ DEBATING/ up our mind to move out. DEBATER/DEBATABL Whether this is an effective solution to the E/ problem is open to debate. CONSULT/CONSULTA He works as a consultant on investment in that NCY/CONSUL company. TATION/CONSULTAN This hotel is very well-known as a perfect place T/CONSULTATIVE/ to convene conferences. CONFER/ / A peace treaty is being negotiated at the

/negotiate

CONFERENCE/ CONFERMENT/ NEGOTIATE/ NEGOTIATION/ NEGOTIATOR/ NEGOTIABLE

moment. All the people of the country are looking forward to the result. Debate/debate(d/ing)/debat ingly/predebate/predebater/interdebate(d/ing)/non debater/nondebating/outdebate (d/ing)/overdebate(d/ing)/ postdebate(d/ing)/undebate(d/ing)/well-debated Discuss/discussion/discuss er/discussible/nondiscussi ble/overdiscuss/prediscuss/rediscuss/d iscussable/undiscussable/undiscussed/welldiscussed Consult/consultant/consult or/consulter/preconsult/re consult/unconsulted/consultable/consultation confer/conference/conferme nt/conferrable/nonconferra ble/conferrer/preconfer(re d/ring)/reconfer(red/ring)/unconferred/wellconferred/conferral "I have no interest in what you are offering. You may as well keep it for yourself"/ "This is good, you should keep it up"

20

18

keep/hold/ maintain/ retain/sustain -maintain (aw_sublist 2) -retain

keep (v)/keep (n)/keepable/keepability Hold/holdable Maintain/maintainer/mai nta "Excuse me! Can I talk to Mr. X? - Oh yes. inable/maintainability/pre Please hold on a second." / "Hold my hand." maintain/selfmaintain(ed/ "She maintained silence when that guy asked her ing)/undermaintain/ out"

(aw_sublist 4) -sustain (aw_sublist 5)

unmaintained/ unmaintainable/ well-maintained/ maintenance/ premaintenance/ nonmaintenance Retain/retainable/ retainableness/ retainability/ nonretainable/ retainment/ nonretainment/ unretained/ unretaining Sustain/sustainable/ sustainability/ sustainedly/ sustainingly/ sustainment/ nonsustainable/ nonsustaining/ nonsustained/ presustain/well-sustained

"Can I retain my room status and room service when I leave?" "She was lucky to sustain a broken arm rather than a broken neck" Maintain: Viet Nam and China always try to maintain friendly relationships. Retain: Albeit some owes can happen, He retains composure. Sustain: thanks to state's subsidies, the enormous number of deprived civilian can sustain their life. -Keep from: Is there anyone can show me how to keep China from attacking fisherman of Viet Nam? -keep sth on: we were planning to keep the house on over this summer(= continue to rent) -keep up: The shortage of rain kept up all this month -hold on: Hold on!Keep off the grass! -hold on to sth|hold onto sth: Hold on to your food & money!The war is coming very soon! -Hold up: We should hold up well under the pressure of hard tasks of IELTS, okay?? :) / No sooner had I arrived home than it started to rain. / At the beginning of each semester, students have to take an exam. / They says in the agenda that the conference will

21

19

"start/begin/ commence/ embark

START/STARTER BEGIN/BEGINNER/ BEGINNING COMMENCE/ COMMENCEMENT

EMBARK UPON upon" commence (aw_sublist 9)

commence at 7.am tomorrow. / As far as I know, she has just embarked upon a new career. -start up: "Let's start up the plan !" -start afresh: The noise started afresh, louder than before. -start over: the match started over, after the halftime. -for a start: Im' not joining that course, for a start, the fee is quite high -to begin with: We'll warm up to begin first We need to know, to begin with, how the bools are classified in library -commencement: The students are very pleased to take part in the commencement. -embrark upon/on sth: I'm about to embark upon an 6.5 IELTS certificate : the ultimate aim of university is to help students attain specific wisdom in order to succeed in their careers. aid: thanks to their wealthy of experiences, the elder can aid younger in finding out their appropriate jobs. / : modern technology namely computer, internet and projector facilitates learning and teaching assist: that deprived nations namely Vietnam deprive financial ads from affluent ones is feasible to assists them in tackling poverty and

22

20

"help/aid/ assist/ facilitate aid(aw_7) assist(aw_2): facilitate(aw_5 )

assist/assistance/ assistant/ help/helpful/helpfully/hel pfulness/ facilitate/facilitation HELP/HELPER/ HELPFUL/ HELPFULLY/ UNHELPFUL/ UNHELPFULLY/ HELPFULNESS/ HELPLESS/ HELPLESSLY/ HELPLESSNESS/ AID/AIDER

ASSIST/ASSISTER/ ASSISTANCE/ /ASSISTANTSHIP FACILITATE/ FACILITATION/ FACILITATOR SUPPORT/ SUPPORTER/ SUPPORTING/ SUPPORTIVE BACK/BACKING

polluted environment She did the work all by herself. Nobody lifted a finger to help her. / Those kinds of machines are produced in aid of disabled people. / At the age of 30, he completed his first novel with the assistance of his wife. / Arranging your time scientifically will facilitate your work and study. / Without the support of my family and friends, I wouldn't have been able to overcome that difficult time. / The project is receiving financial backing from the Government. -help: Is there any one can help me out with writting task 2 ? I maybe can attain my IELTS target with the help of Hi cc s t luyn thi IELTS. -: I usually do my housework in aid of my mother. " It's so dark now, so we should use a seeing aid by radio, okay?". - They can work without the assistance of the manager assistant. -: I hope the government's new project can facilitate transporting in HCM city. -back: The government is backing schools and universities with technical assistance.

23

21

Vital/ important/ crucial/ essential crucial(aw_8)

IMPORTANT/ IMPORTANTLY/ IMPO RTANCE/ UNIMPORTANT VITAL//VITALITY/ VITALIZE/ VITALIZATION/ UNVITAL: CRUCIAL/ CRUCIALITY/ CRUCIALLY: ESSENTIAL/ ESSENTIALLY/ ESSENTIALITY/ UNESSENTIAL: INDISPENSABLE/ INDISPENSABLITY/ INDISPENSABLENESS / INDI SPENSABLELLY noun cua essential la essence

-support: His word is supported with no witness. -succour: we should succour the storm victims. -render: They rendered him a room, food and warm clothes. I firmly believe that passion plays an important role on the path for people to reach the zenith of attainment. Art is of vital importance in out life in virtue of the fact that it is considered as the mirror reflecting daily activies in human's life. Education is thought to be a crucial industry to boost the entire country. It is extremly essential that the solution to population growth shoulld be implemented thoroughly by the Government. : The group "Hi cc s t luyn thi IELTS" obviously proves to be indispensable for those who not only desire to reach higher IELTS score but also satisfy the passion for English. critical/crucial: Reducing the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is of critical importance. essential/essentially/essense/essential oil: An oil taken from a plant Vital statistics (plural): Figures showing the number of dealth and birth in a year. vital aid (Noun): an appliance used to help people to learn or understand st. at the crucial moment (adv): at the time when

somebody/St is needed most. Decisive: Greatestly important for the final result of a situation /Decisively/ She played a decisive role in the project. KEY : The Government made all the key decisions in controlling the population growth. PRINCIPAL : The principa purpose of this programme is to propagandize the awareness of protecting environment in puplic. LEADING: Japanese proves to be one of the powerful countries which might own leading technology. CHIEF: The chief reason for the siblings rivalry can be the discrimination of parents. -important: Both of my parents played a crucially important role in our school life and our home life. -vital:Are the degrees absolutely vital for applying for a job, man? -: There are many quite crucial factors to consider in choosing the best language school to study. -essential: Writting is the almost essential part to IELTS learner. -critical: Cellphones are increasingly critical to the lives of people. -significant: "Mental training is an extremely significant method to ensure the highest employee productivity"-(internet source) -indispensable: "Patience" and "Hard Working"

24

22

"Boost/ Upgrade /improve/ enhance" t academic trong group n l enhance

Enhancer (noun countable) Enhancement (noun uncountable and countable) UPGRADE / DOWNGRADE IMPROVE/IMPROVEM ENT/ IMPROVER/ IMPROVABLE/ IMPROVABLENESS ENHANCE/ENHANCE MENT/ENHANCIVE/ ENHANCER/ENHANC ED BOOSTER stimulate, push up, v mend, promote na

are the indispensable tools for those who desire to obtain good result in learning foreign language. 1. boost (v): to increase or improve something and make it more successful ex: The multi-million dollar ad campaign has failed to boost sales. He wanted to boost their performance in school and help them find and hold jobs. - boost up: to help someone reach a higher place by lifting or pushing them Boost (n): something that gives someone more confidence, or that helps something increase, improve, or become successful give somebody a boost (up): to lift someone so that they can reach a higher place 2. 2. upgrade (v) So will I have to upgrade by replacement in order to make use of the software I have at the moment? 3. enhance (v) to improve something Ex: You can enhance the flavour of most dishes with the careful use of herbs. - enhanced (adj) formalEx: The increased capitation was seen as enabling schools to offer their pupils an enhanced curriculum. - performance-enhancing drug/product/supplement etc: a drug or product that is used illegally by people competing in sports events to improve their performance 3. BOOST: It's neccessary for Government

and citizens to combine with the view to boosting the entire economy. /: sth that helps sbd or sth to increase or improve, or to be more successful or confident --> I've sung his praise in expectation that It can be considered as a morale booster for his studying.: 4. It's inportant for schools to Upgrade their gym facilities with the good aim of encouraging students to take more excercises. After days of hard training, I feel like that he showed significant improvement on learning English. 5. Low lingting and soft music must have enhanced the atmosphere of his birthday's party. Albeit they are aware of harmful smoking, yet some people are unlikely to give up it. With a view to become a affluent resident,he works without cease during many years, leading to waning his health. Due to lack of confidence to encourter unintended problems, he decides to abondon his dream. Cu 1 ca Hng dng albeit th sau n l phrase ch ko i vi clause, cn cu 3 th phi l "due to the lack of.." em nh:D STOP: The Goverment would find the solutions

25

23

"stop/ quit/ cease/ abandon /give up T academic : abandon, cease

STOP-GAP QUITTER: CEASE/CEASELESS/C EASELESSL Y/CEASESLESSNESS CEASEFIRE ABANDON/ABANDON ER/ ABANDONMENT/ ABANDONED:

to stop the dilemma of deforestation. / STOPGAP ( >< LONG-TERM ): something or someone that you use for a short time. QUIT: Sadly, he's been given six months to live if he doesn't quit drinking./QUITTER: someone who does not have the determination or courage to finish something that is difficult. --> I'm not a quitter but that job definitely proves to be not compatible with me. /QUITTOR: a kind of disease relates to legs of horse..etc. : Undoubtedly, What they've done with him never cease to amaze me. /CEASEFIRE: an agreement to stop fighting for a period of time, especially so that a more permanent agreement can be made. External plights are not bound to make her abandon a dream. GIVE UP: He had better give up smoking owing to his children's concern to him. 1. spending (n)/spend(v)/spender(n) Ex: Company spending on staff benefits has been cut dramatically in recent year. - Government cuts in the defence spending have meant a loss of 2000 jobs. - In addition, these five countries also had a similar trend that spending on Leisure/Education made up the smallest proportions which were

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"spending/ consumption/ expense/ expenditure/

pay out, utilize v use spending (n)/spend(v)/spender(n) consumption/consumer/ consume expense/expenses/ expenditure Expend(v)/expensive(adj

outlay (t academic : consume)

)/ expensively(adv) Spend/spending consumable

2.21%, 3.2%, 1.98%, 3.22%, 4.35% respectively. - At that time, our governments diverted a big proportion of health spending for preventing this epidemic such as demolishing ill domestic birds and propaganda about the bad effects of this disease. 2. consumption/consumer/consume - Several other recent studies have shown that moderate consumption of red wine, in particular, is helpful for preventing heart disease. - Most people are aware of the need to reduce energy consumption. - On the other hand, the consumption of chicken was contrary to the consumption of other meat and fish. 3.expense/expenses/expenditure Expend(v)/expensive(adj)/expensively(adv) - The legal aid scheme, thus, permits those eligible to take the risk of litigation at the possible expense of the Fund. - New technological advancement is responsible for declining expense during producing. Spend/spending The government tracks consumer spending closely. Consumption/consumer/consume/consumable This printer consumes more toner than the downstairs printer expense/enpensive/expensiv ely When the corporation locates the retired or former employees they may be willing to cooperate,but in return for their cooperation, they ask to be paid for the time and expenses they incur in testifying

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benefit/ profit/ earnings /income/ lucre T academic: benefit, income

Benefit/beneficial/ beneficient/beneficence Profit/profitable/ profitab ly/profiteer Earnings/earn Lucre/lucrative

and meeting with the corporation's attorneys expend/expenditure Average annual expenditures per consumer unit fell 2.8 percent in 2009 following an increase of 1.7 percent in 2008 outlay /Tamil nadu chief minister will meet planning commission officials here wednesday to finalise the annual outlay for the state 1.I think public sector will benefit from working together with the private sector in the execusion phase. 2.President Obama n his education secretary are facing a bipartisem revolt from almost 300 lawmakers, an inspector general's investigation and several lawsuits over a proposed crackdown on for-profit colleges,which train people for jobs ranging from plumbers to computer technicians. 3.For the second quarter,the company originally said it expected earnings to be as high as $0.35 per share. 4. From Troy to Vandalia to Kettering to Springbore,cites all across the Miami Valley saw income tax collections surge higher early in 2011,in what economists are calling an acceleration of recovery from the Great Recession. 5.As you know,Figment is a free online game and as of now,the prizes we suply all come out of our operating budget,so to keep lucre prize levels artifically low while simultaneously increasing your opportunities to earn lucre would be suicide for the site.

Sua cau 2 nha,sua bipartisem thang bipartisan,sorry ca nha ^_^ 28 26 outstanding/ striking/ remarkable/ prominent/ renowned- If it had not been for his excellent inborn abilities, he could not have become an outstanding symbol of music all over the world. - Notwithstanding having many outstanding good points, this fact also has its drawbacks that should be taken notice of. - The record features some remarkable guitar and piano solos. - In short she obtained a remarkable degree of autonomy. - Nuclear power became the most prominent fuel source in France producing almost 75% of the countrys electricity. Outstanding The University of Alabama Graduate school has announced the recipients of the 2011 Outstanding Graduate student awards to be presented during UA honors week. Strike(v,n)/striking(adj) Striking workers have spoken of their "anger" at Labour leader Ed Miliband's refusal to back their walkout. Remark/remarkable/remarkab ly Below are the stories of 5 remarkable women with very different roles and experiences in a domain that has traditionally been male dominated. Prominent/prominence Prominent Chinese dissident Hu Jia has been released from prison and reunited with his family,his wife

says. Renowned(for,as)/renown Renowned architect to design new comtemporary art building for Virginia commonwealth university. OUTSTANDING/OUTSTAND/OUTST ANDINGLY: Eventhough figting against cancer, Lance Amstrong, after days of hard training, continuously attained a variety of OUTSTANDING achievement on the Tour de France. STRIKING/STRIKE/STRIKINGLY/STRIKINGLY: The most striking feature was that the quantity of British people travelling to Japan and New Zealand were inclined to be quite similar over the period of 10 years from 2020 to 2030. REMARKABLE/REMARK/REMARKAB LY/REMARKABLENESS ( >< UNREMARKABLE ): Thanks to the remarkable development of medical methods, people are presented more choices of the treatment for dangerous diseases nowadays. PROMINENT/PROMINENCE/PROMINENTLY: As matter of fact, Art plays a prominent role in spiritual human life. RENOWNED ( >< UNRENOWNED ) : It is widely known that Beverly Hills, long renowned for its glorious movie stars,

fabulous hotels and outlandish estates, was still elite. SALIENT" "Conspicuous" and "noticable" na