Tomasz Halapacz - 123seminarsonly.com · 2012. 4. 16. · Background • In 1966 Leonard Kleinrock...
Transcript of Tomasz Halapacz - 123seminarsonly.com · 2012. 4. 16. · Background • In 1966 Leonard Kleinrock...
-
Tomasz Halapacz
-
Introduction
• Definition
• Background
• Overview of the technology
• Examples
• Summary
-
What is Delay Tolerant Networking
[DTN] DTNs=
oDisruption Tolerant Network
o Intermittently Connected Mobile Networks
[ICMNs]
o InterPlaNetary (IPN) Internet
• “Communication over vast distances where
end-to-end continuous connectivity is not
required “
(Cerf, et al., 2007)
-
Background
• In 1966 Leonard Kleinrock of MIT developed the theory of packet switching
• DARPA has funded NASA to develop Interplanetary Internet
• Vint Cerf and others has developed initial DTN architecture in July 1998. o The initial public announcement of this project can be found in
the JPL house journal .Available: Universe (7 August 1998)
• In 2002 Kevin Fall has proposed DTN acronym as Delay Tolerant Networks
• 2002- Delay-Tolerant Networking Research Group
Leonard Kleinrock
Vinton Cerf
Kevin Fall
(Farrell, S., 2006)
(Sterbenz, J., 2005)
(DTNRG., 2011)
http://universe.jpl.nasa.gov/un980807.pdfhttp://universe.jpl.nasa.gov/un980807.pdfhttp://universe.jpl.nasa.gov/un980807.pdf
-
When do we need DTNs? • Can be adapted to scenarios other than inter-planetary
communication
• To enable network access, when infrastructure is:
o difficult to deploy
o expensive to deploy
o available, but a DTN can still improve performance
(Cerf, V. et al., 2002)
Some real life examples where DTNs are being used…..
-
Infrastructure is difficult to deploy
• Wild-life tracking
Ze
bra
Net
pro
ject,
Kenya
(Princeton University. 2007)
-
Infrastructure expensive to deploy
• Providing Internet connectivity to developing regions. E.g., Email
KioskNet Project in India and Ghana
(Keshaw, S. 2009)
-
Interplanetary Examples
2008 November
• DINET 1 Test: Deep Impact DTN experiment: Moved
292 images (about 14.5 MB) through the DTN
network
2009 November
• DINET 2 postponed to 2011 due to Hartley 2 Comet
(NASA, 2010)
(NASA, 2010)
-
How it Works?
i
Destination
Intermediate
Source
• Store and
Forward
• Bundling
(Boucher, M. 2002)
-
Bundle Layer
• The figure below compares Internet protocol layers with DTN
protocol layers
• DTN operates over existing protocols and provide a gateway
when a node touches two or more dissimilar networks
Application
Network
Specific
Layers
Network
Specific
Layers
Network
Specific
Layers
Network
Specific
Layers
Application
Bundle Layer Application
Transport - TCP
Network - IP
Link
Physical
TCP/IP Model Mission Control Rover
Ground
Station
potential
delay
Source: Wartham, F. 2003. “Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs): Tutorial
Sattelite
-
Summary • DTN began intended as „Interplanetary Internet‟ for
deep-space connectivity, but is now also used for ad-hoc sensor networks.
• DTN Routers are equipped with significant persistent storage
• Data is moved like store-and-forward email messages in „bundles‟ between nodes, when limited connectivity becomes available
• Round-trip times could range from milliseconds to days
• Retransmission may be very expensive
-
Live Video from NASA 2011. NASA allows the public to watch technicians
assemble and test NASA's next Mars rover – “Curiosity”
Source: http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/mission/whereistherover
now/
http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/mission/whereistherovernow/http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/mission/whereistherovernow/
-
Any Questions?
-
Thank You!
Tomasz Halapacz
-
References Aggelou, G. 2008. Wireless Mesh Networking, McGraw-Hill.
Anagnostopoulos, C. and S. Hadjiefthymiades .2010. "Delay-tolerant delivery of quality information in ad hoc networks." Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing.
Boucher, M. 2002. The InterPlanetary Internet (IPN) [online] Available: http://images.spaceref.com/news/02.28.00.marsnetwork.jpg [accessed 27 February 2011]
Cerf, V. et al., 2002. Delay-Tolerant Network Architecture: The Evolving Interplanetary Internet, August.
Cerf, V. et al., 2007. Delay-Tolerant Network Architecture, IETF RFC 4838, informational, April.
Cerf. V, et al., 2001. Interplanetary Internet (IPN): Architectural Definition. Online] Available: http://www.ipnsig.org/reports/memo-ipnrg-arch-00.pdf [accessed 03 February 2011]
Durst, R. and Feighery, P. ,2006. Why not use the Standard Internet Suite for the Interplanetary Internet?, IPN Special Interest Group, (http://www.ipn-sig.org/reports/TCP_IP.pdf).
DTNRG., 2011. Delay Tolerant Networking Research Group [online] Available: http://www.dtnrg.org/ [last accessed 28 February 2011]
Fall, K. 2003. A Delay-Tolerant Network Architecture for Challenged Internets [online] Available: http://conferences.sigcomm.org/sigcomm/2003/papers/p27-fall.pdf [accessed 07 February 2011]
-
References Farrell, S. and V. Cahill (2006). Delay- and disruption-tolerant networking, Artech House.
Ivancic, W. et al. 2010. Large File Transfers from Space using Multiple Ground Terminals and Delay-Tolerant Networking. IEEE Global Communications Conference (Globecom), Miami [online] Available: http://personal.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/publications/ivancic-globecom-large-file-dtn.pdf [accessed 05 February 2011]
Keshaw, S. 2009. The KioskNet Project Overview. [online] Available: http://blizzard.cs.uwaterloo.ca/tetherless/index.php/KioskNet [accessed 20 February 2011]
Meghanathan, N., B. Kaushik, et al. (2010). Advances in Networks and Communications: First International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology, CCSIT 2011, Bangalore, India, January 2-4, 2011. Proceedings, Springer.
NASA. 2010. EPOXI Mission Overview [online] Available: http://epoxi.umd.edu/1mission/index.shtml [accessed 25 February 2011]
Princeton University. 2007. Zebranet Project Overview. [online] Available: http://www.princeton.edu/~mrm/zebranet.html [accessed 15 February 2011]
Scott, K. and Burleigh, S.2007, Bundle Protocol Specification, IETF RFC 5050, experimental, November.
Sterbenz, J. and Krishnan, R. 2005. Survivable and Disruption Tolerant Networking. [online] Available: http://www.sterbenz.org/jpgs/tutorials/sumowin-dtn/SUMOWIN-DTN-display.pdf [accessed 03 February 2011].
Vasilakos, A. (2011). Delay Tolerant Networks: Protocols and Applications, Taylor & Francis.
Warthman, F. 2003. Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs): A Tutorial [online] Available: http://www.dtnrg.org/docs/tutorials/warthman-1.1.pdf [accessed 03 February 2011]
http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/mission/whereistherovernow/
http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/mission/whereistherovernow/http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/mission/whereistherovernow/