Today’s Goal: What were the most significant accomplishments of the Assyrians and Chaldeans?
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Transcript of Today’s Goal: What were the most significant accomplishments of the Assyrians and Chaldeans?
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Today’s Goal: What were the most significant accomplishments of the Assyrians and Chaldeans?
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Assyrian Geography
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Assyria’s capital was established at Nineveh
Walls of Nineveh
Their capital at Nineveh on the Tigris river had a constant supply of fresh water. Tribute and stolen treasures were displayed in
this huge capital.
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Assyrian Society1) Nobility2) Artisans3) Unskilled free workers4) Serfs (bound to land)5) Slaves• Women had lower position
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Assyrian Empire
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Assyrian god – they were polytheistic
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Assyrian god Assur
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• Nineveh held one of the ancient world’s largest libraries
• King Ashurbanipal collected 20,000 clay tablets, including the Epic of Gilgamesh, in this library
Tablets from his library
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Flood Tablet found in Assurbanipal’s library
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Used cuneiform, then later Aramaic
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• Constant warfare
• Innovations: – Battering ram– Cavalry– Leather & metal armor– Camels for desert warfare– Conscription (draft of
soldiers)– Siege tower
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Assyrian Conquests
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Assyrian Guardian figure
Weighs 30 tons6 ½ ft high
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Assyrian carving
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Assyrian Winged Bull
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Winged Assyrian Bull
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Chaldeans and the Medes joined to defeat the Assyrians
in 612 BC
Why did other people in the region celebrate when the Assyrians were
defeated?
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• Capital = Babylon
• Restored by King Nebuchadnezzar
Ruins of Nebuchadnezzar’s
Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar
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Nebuchadnezzar had the Hanging Gardens of Babylon (a garden on top of the palace)
built for his wife
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Hanging Gardensof Babylon
Hanging Gardensof Babylon
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Nebuchadnezzar II’s Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar II’s Babylon
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Parts of Babylon have been rebuilt by Saddam Hussein
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Rebuilt by Saddam Hussein
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Iraq
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Ishtar Gate of Babylon
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Soldiers
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Dragon of Marduk on the wall of the Ishtar Gate
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Lion in Nebuchadnezzar's throne room
Design in throne room
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The Star Gazers of Babylon
• Priests observed & recorded the night sky
• Stars determined human destiny, could foretell future
• They observed the Zodiac, a belt of 12 constellations and the phases of the moon
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Assyrians formed the basis for both astronomy & astrology.
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First Historical Horoscope
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Today’s Goal: What were the most significant accomplishments of the Assyrians and Chaldeans?
With a partner, list what you think are With a partner, list what you think are the the TOP 3TOP 3 accomplishments of the accomplishments of the Assyrians and Chaldeans (be able to Assyrians and Chaldeans (be able to explain explain whywhy).).