To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

112
` ` TO STUDY THE RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCEDURE Completed in VADILAL ENTERPRISESLTD Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMININSTRATION (MBA), Future Institute Of Management And Technology Submitted by: Roli Shinghal

Transcript of To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Page 1: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

` `

TO STUDY THE RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCEDURE

Completed in

VADILAL ENTERPRISESLTD

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of

MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMININSTRATION (MBA),

Future Institute Of Management And Technology Submitted

by:

Roli Shinghal

Page 2: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Executive Summary

INTRODUCTIQN TO RECRUITMENT

Once the required number and kind of human resources are determined the Mgmt. has to find the

places where required human resources are available and also find the means of attracting them

towards the organization before selecting suitable candidates for jobs. All process is generally

known as recruitment. Some people use the term 'recruitment for employment'. These two are

not one and the same recruitment is only one of the steps in the entire employment for process.

These two terms are not one and the same either, Technically speaking the function of

recruitment precedes the selection function and it includes only finding developing the sources of

prospective employees and 'attracting them to apply for jobs in an organization where as the

selection is the process of finding out the most suitable candidate to the job out of the candidates

attracted (i.e. recruited)

Recruitment forms the first stage in the process, which' continues with selection and ceases with

the placement of the candidate. It is the next step in the procurement function the first being the

manpower planning recruitment makes it possible to acquire the number and types of people

necessary to ensure the continued operation of the organization. Recruiting is the discovering of

potential applicants for actual or anticipated' organizational vacancies. In other words; it is a

"linking activity" bringing together those with jobs and those seeking jobs.

As Yoder and others point out "Recruitment is a process to discover the sources of manpower to

meet the requirements of the, staffing schedule and to employ the effective measures for

Page 3: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

attracting that manpower in adequate numbers to facilitate effective selection of an efficient

working force.”Accordingly the purpose of recruitment is to locate sources of manpower to meet

job recruitment & job specifications.

According to Flippo "Recruitment is a process of searching for prospective employees and

stimulating and encouraging them to apply for jobs in an organization."

Selection, on the other hand tends to be negative because it rejects a good member of those who

apply leaving only the best to be hired.

Page 4: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

RECRUITMENT

1. To attract people with multi dimensional skills and experiences that suits the present and

future organizational strategies.

2. To induct outsiders with a new perspective to lead the company.

3. To infuse the fresh blood at all levels of organization

4. To develop an organizational culture that attracts competent people to the company.

5. To search or hunt head pouch people whose skill fit the companies values

6. To devise methodologies for assessing psychological traits

7. To seek out non-conventional development grounds of talent.

8. To search for talent globally and not just within the company.

9. To design entry pays that competes on quality but not on quantum.

10. To anticipate and find people for positions that does not exist yet.

Page 5: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:-

1- To know the practices & procedures of recruitment in vadilal

2- To study the sources of recruitment.

3- To study the mode of recruitment in vadilal.

4- to study the mode of selection process

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A research design is the detailed blueprint used to guide a research study towards its objectives.

It is series of advanced decisions taken together comprising a master plan or a model for the

conduct of research in consonance with the research objectives.

Page 6: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

It details the procedures necessary for obtaining the information needed to structure or solve the

marketing research problem

We used some magazine, Vadilal website, text book of life insurance. Money simplified (text

book). Neev: product book for collecting the data of the company and also vadilal & traditional

plans. All the data which provides help to complete the project.

Page 7: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

I want to take the opportunity to thank VADILAL LIMITED BAREILLY for providing me the

scope to conduct the project successfully. I acknowledge my indebtedness to all the staff member

in the hr department for giving me their valuable suggestion and the necessary co-operation .

Firstly, I would like to thank MR.DINESH SINGH ( CLUSTER HR MANAGER ) VADILAL

BAREILLY for giving permission to do my project in their organization.

I would like to extend my gratitude to my project guide, MR.AJIT THOMAS ( UNIT HR

MANAGER ) , for his constructive guidance .

A special thanks to MR.PANKAJ BHATT,MISS RINA MITTAL, for their full co-operation

without which the project would not have been successfully completed.

I would like to thank DR. DEBASISH SENGUPTA – ( ASS. PROF. LBSIMT, BAREILLY ) for

his conceptual guidance.

Page 8: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

COMPANY PROFILE

Page 9: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Company Profile

They are one of the leading manufactures of Ice Cream in India with the brand name “Vadilal”

since 1920. Vadilal Group is also engaged in Process Foods, Real Estate & Constructions,

Chemicals & Super Specialty Gases & Forex Business. Vadilal Industries is the flagship

company of the Group having primary interest in Ice Cream and Processed Foods. Vadilal enjoys

one fourth of Indian Ice-Cream market share. Own largest cold chain strengthens the distribution

network across the country.

Today, the name Vadilal conjures images of lip-smacking ice cream in a whole gamut of

flavours. Vadilal stands for quality, availability and a range of varieties with the state-of-the-art

machinery and equipment. It has, however, been a long journey for the group, which traces its

origins way back to 1907, when an unassuming gentleman, Vadilal Gandhi, the great-grand

father of Virendra R Gandhi, Rajesh R Gandhi and Devanshu L Gandhi, started a soda fountain.

He passed on the business to his son, Ranchod Lal, who ran a one-man show and, with a hand

cranked machine, started a small retail outlet in 1926. Eventually, Ranchod Lal's sons,

Ramchandra and Lakshman, inherited the business and they were instrumental in giving a new

Page 10: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

direction to the company. The duo imparted a new vision to the venture and infused a spirit of

taking calculated risk into the company. As a result, by the 1970s, the Vadilal Company had

already evolved into a modern corporate entity.

"In 1972-73, the company had 8-10 outlets in Ahmedabad. Gradually, it started moving

from the city to other parts of Gujarat. By 1985, the company reached out to the neighboring

states like Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. But, the process of expansion was undertaken and

executed very methodically. And, we spent five to six years in spreading our business and then

consolidating it," says Shri Ramchandrabhai Gandhi (Chairman).

Vision/Mission

“To become an Indian MNC in frozen foods”.

“To provide products and services at an affordable price without compromising the quality,” says

Shri Ramchandrabhai Gandhi

Page 11: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

COMPANY BACKGROUND

Company Profile:

Vadilal Industries Limited

Ticker: 519156Exchanges: BOM2008 Sales: 1,315,300,000

Major Industry: Food & BeveragesSub Industry: Miscellaneous Food

Country: INDIAEmployees: 811

Business Description

Vadilal Industries Limited. The Group's principal activity is to manufacture

and export ice creams and food processing. It operates in three segments

namely Ice Cream, Processed Food and Others. The product of the Group

include frozen desert, frozen fruits and vegetables, canned fruit, pulp, ready

to eat and ready to serve products.

Today, the name Vadilal conjures images of lip-smacking ice cream in a

whole gamut of flavours. Vadilal spells quality, availability, variety and state-

of-the-art machinery and equipment. It has, however, been a long journey for

the group, which traces its origins way back to 1907, when a certain

Page 12: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

unassuming gentleman, by the name of Vadilal Gandhi, the great-grand

father of Virendra R Gandhi, Rajesh R Gandhi and Devanshu L Gandhi,

started a soda fountain. He passed on the business to his son, Ranchod Lal,

who ran a one-man show, and, with a hand cranked machine, started a small

retail outlet in 1926. Eventually, Ranchod Lal's sons, Ramchandra and

Lakshman, inherited the business and they were instrumental in giving a

new direction to the company. The duo imparted a new vision to the venture

and infused a spirit of calculated risk-taking into the company.  As a result,

by the 1970s, the Vadilal Company had already evolved into a modern

corporate entity.

"In 1972-73, the company had 8-10 outlets in Ahmedabad. Gradually, we

moved from the city to other parts of Gujarat. By 1985, the company moved

towards neighbouring states like Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. But the

expansion was undertaken very methodically and we spent five to six years

in spreading our business and then consolidating it" says Shri

Ramchandrabhai Gandhi (Chairman).

Page 13: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

PRODUCT LINE

Vadilal ice cream division has always been a hot favorite with the

people both inside and outside the organization. In India, the name

Vadilal is synonymous with Ice Cream.

The Ice Cream industry in India today has a turnover of Rs. 15 billion

[US$ 330 million]. A quarter of this comes from the house of Vadilal

alone. But that’s no surprise, considering that we have the largest

range of Ice Creams in the country – 120 – plus flavors, in a variety

of more than 250 packs and forms. The range includes cones,

candies, bars, ice-lollies, small cups, big cups, family packs, and

economy packs. Something for all tastes, preferences and budgets.

To make it convenient for our consumers to relish our complete

range under one roof, we have set up a chain of Happiness Parlors –

‘Ice Cream boutiques’ so to say. Hordes of people flock to these

parlors daily because they know that our products contain the

Page 14: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

purest and creamiest milk, and the freshest and tastiest fruits and

nuts.

Among our products are OneUp Chocobar and King Cone – all-time

favorites which have today attained the generic status. Another hit

is our Kulfi – traditional Indian milk sweet. Some of our products are

a combination with confectioneries.

Vadilal has two ultra modern ice-cream manufacturing plants - one

at village Pundhra, Gujarat and another at Bareilly, U.P. Both plants

are ISO: 9001:2000 and HACCP Certified. Certification of Bareilly

plant is done by BIS and Pundhra plant is done by BVQI under the

latest regulations of food safety system, September  2002. BVQI is a

wholly owned subsidiary of Bureau Veritas, a France-based

multinational organization. Our Pundhra plant has recently received

the accreditation from Export Inspection Council of India, Ministry of

Commerce and Industry, Government of India certification for

exports that in itself is a bench mark for hygiene and quality. We, at

Vadilal take utmost care for ice cream, so that it reaches the

consumer in the most hygienic and wholesome way. We have the

latest manufacturing equipments including automated cone-filling,

Page 15: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

candy-making, cup manufacturing and filling machines, hardening

tunnels, computerized continuous freezers, and machines to

produce.

Since our products are highly perishable, quick transport and proper

storage are of paramount importance. Hence our refrigeration

equipment and deep freezes are imported from companies, which

are world leaders in their respective fields. To ensure sufficient,

timely and constant ice cream supply, we have a Cold Chain

Network comprising three manufacturing plants [totaling a

production capacity of 1.25 lakh litre per day], about 23 C&FA, more

than 500 Distributors and over 40,000 Retailers.

They have integrated backward by making biscuit-cones and paper

cups; and forward, by fabricating deep freezers and refrigerated

vehicles. These help us to serve our distributors, some of whom are

situated over a thousand miles away. In days to come, we plan to

further expand our manufacturing facilities to meet the growing

demand of Ice Creams.

Page 16: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Big Cup

     

Vanilla

Chocolate Chips

 

 

Swiss Cake 1+1 I/C PP

 

Page 17: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Kaju Draksh

Butter Scotch

Real Kesar Pista

Two In One

Ripe Strawberry

Rajbhog

Super Vanilla

Super Kaju Draksh

Super Butter Scotch

Kool Gulab

   

 

Tiranga Ice Candy

 

Page 19: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Tiranga Ice Candy

Kachi Kery

Juicy

Black Currant

Juicy

Mango Juicy Orange Juicy Kalakhatta Juicy

   

Jaljira Juicy    

Swiss Cake 1+1 I/C PP

 

 

Tiranga Ice Candy

 

Page 20: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal
Page 21: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal
Page 22: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

PRODUCTION

Production facility available at Pundhra Plant.

A-  Mix plant  ( pundhra)

Mixing tank -2 no., online duplex filter, HTST , flow diversion valve,

two stage Homoginiser,

Turbo blender for dry mixing, storage tanks ( storage cap. 

50000 ltr. at pundhra  )

B-  ICE CREAM  Freezing-pundhra

8 cont. freezer for ice cream and novelties production having

different capacity.

2 fill and cap machine for  cone and cup production.

5 Hardening tunnel for quick hardening of ice cream, novelties,cone,

etc.

Page 23: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

C-  CANDY PRODUCTION-pundhra

2 Brine tank for manual candy production

1 cont. freezer

1 candy hardening tunnel

candy mould having diff. shape and volume-  125 no.

Candy wrapping machine for pillow packing

D-  AUTOMATIC  CANDY MAKING MACHINE- pundhra

Neumatic candy making machine

cont. freezer wrapping machine for pillow packing with conveyor.

E-  SEMI AUTOMATIC CLEANING SYSTEM- CIP  ( cleaning in

place)

F-  RAW MATERIAL PROCESSING - pundhra

Seiveing machine,nut cutting machine, Hot air oven, fruit processing

machinery,choclate preparation tank, chikky making machine, cake

production facility.

Bareilly plant details:

In our unit we use  modern sofisticated machinery  for making high

quality ice cream. We take utmost care during selection and

processing of  ingredients.In our mix prperation section we use 

Page 24: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

latest machinary like Homogenizer and Pasteurizer which ensure our

comitment of producing  good quality ice cream. We have very

sofisticated imported homogeniger (capcity 3000 lts /hr) and a

automatic pannel based Pasteurizer which esure food safety.

In freezing section  we have automatic contineous freezers of

capacity ranging from 300 lts/hr to 2000 lts/hr ice cream.

We have our own raw material processing section which provide 

very pure and processed raw  material to frezing section .In our raw

material processing section we use ultramodern   oven and

machinary for heating and other treatment of fruits and nut which

make all these very much safe for human consumption.

For cone production we have fully automatic cone filling machine .

We produce fully untouched cones.

As we are producing a very sensitive food product we take utmost

care about cleanliness and heigene of our plant. For cleaning we

have a central. CIP system. We used to take plant for total CIP

before and after every production shift and sterlize each and every

pipe line ,pasteurizer,homozenizer, storage tank,freezer,balance

tank and ice cream filler using steam.

Every workers are trained for their work and they follow strict norms

for cleanliness and heigene during production of ice cream.

Page 25: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

All staff who work in production area is being daily checked for their

personal heigene.

Every staff  use to pass through a thorough medical check up after a

fixed time interval to ensure whether he/she is fit for working in

production department or not.

Ice Cream is shiffted from production section to despatch section

using FIFO SYSTEM.

1. MIX SECTION   :  AUTOMATIC HOMOGENIZER  AND PASTERIZER

WITH

2. CAPACITY OF 3000 LITRES OF MIX PER HOUR

3. FREEZING SECTION : 9 AUTOMATIC  CONTINEOUS FREEZER 

CAPACITY RANGING FROM 300 TO 2000 LITRES OF ICE CREAM

PER HOUR.

4. FRUIT FEEDER  : 3 AUTOMATIC FRUIT FEEDER FOR PROPER NUT

ADDITION.

5. RAW MATERIAL PROCEESS:  WE HAVE OUR OWN CAKE

PRODUCTION AS WELL AS A FULLY AUTOMATED OVEN FOR

PROPER HEAT TREATMENT OF NUTS.

Page 26: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

QUALITY POLICY

We at Vadilal Industries Limited firmly believe in providing quality

products with innovative features at competitive prices for customer

satisfaction.

We shall strive to achieve our Goals by continuously improving and

upgrading Technology, selecting appropriate process and providing

vibrant environment with help of High Quality standards and

emphasis on Hygiene.

We aim to be industry leader by recognizing the changing needs of

customer and ensuring full commitment towards implementing

Quality Management System as per ISO 9002.

Quality Assurance

Page 27: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Pundhra:

Our Pundhra Plant is ISO: 9001:2000 and HACCP Certified. The

certification of this plant has been carried out by BVQI under the

latest regulations of food safety system, September 2002. BVQI is a

wholly owned subsidiary of Bureau Veritas, a France-based

multinational organization.

The plant has recently received the Export Inspection Council of

India, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of

India certification for exports which in itself is a benchmark for

hygiene and quality.

Bareilly:

Bareilly plant is also having ISO 9001: 2000 & HACCP certification as

per IS/ISO 9001: 2000 & IS 15000: 1998 respectively from Bureau of

Indian Standards (BIS) which is the largest certification authority in

India.

Vadilal Industries Limited, Bareilly was established in 1996 for ice

cream manufacturing with an installed capacity of 15000 liters per

day. To cater to the increasing demand of ice cream in India the

company expanded the capacity to 60,000 liters per day in 2005.

We plan to enhance the capacity by 1,00,000 liters ice cream per

Page 28: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

day in near future. This shall be supported by state-of-the-art

machineries from China, Denmark and other foreign countries.

MARKETING

Brand Promotion:

Basically, we are very well known brand in every nook & corner of

the country with a strong brand image and high brand recall.

We generally promote our brand through various ways like,

Advertisement, Sponsoring Events, and by providing Publicity

material (Glow signs, Danglers, Posters, Banners etc.) at our Retail

Outlets. We basically look forward to print media as main stay to

promote our brand & for the advertisement of our products as well

as schemes / offers, as well as TV commercial to cover maximum

consumers. We give advertisement in leading National (Hindustan

Times, Times of India etc.) as well as popular Vernacular Dailies

(like, Gujarat Samachar, Divya Bhaskar & Sandesh in Gujarat,

Page 29: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Rajasthan Patrika & Dainik Bhaskar in Rajasthan, Dainik Jagran &

Amar Ujala in U.P. & Uttranchal, etc.) and done TVC in leading TV

channels like Star Plus, Star News, Cartoon Network, Nick, UTV and

Hungama etc,.

At present we do not have any celebrity connected with our Ad

Campaigns. However, we take Models for our Product & Brand

Promotion.

Sales Network:

Vadilal has very strong sales network, we have a sales team

network, which covers our entire distributor network.

We have a state wise sale team, which generates sales through

retail outlets, institutions, Hotels & restaurants, Functions. Here for

Sales Company’ management plays major role like providing various

Dealer schemes, consumer schemes etc. Vadilal has one of the

widest ranges of consumer schemes in the industry. More sales is

generated through new product developments, schemes and

lucrative dealer margins.

Page 30: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Network: Plant - C&F – Distributor – Dealers – Consumers

With our supply chain of about 23 C&FA, more than 500 Distributors

and over 40,000 Retailers ice cream is widely accessible in most

parts of India. Ice cream can be purchased in big tubs and surrounds

from supermarkets/grocery stores, in smaller quantities from ice

cream shops, convenience stores, and milk bars, and in individual

serves from small carts or even at public events and places

Plants:

             Ahmedabad

             Pundhra, Gujarat and

             Bareilly, UP

Above three plants are located in geographically favorable areas

with ultra modern production facilities. It is our quality traditions and

stringent norms only due to which our plants are accredited with

world’s most trusted quality standards like ISO 22000:2005, ISO

9001:2000 and BRC Global Standard - Food: Issue 4

Distribution Network/ C& F agents:

The reason for having strong distribution and dealer network is due

to the lucrative margin and returns that Vadilal provides to them.

Page 31: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Vadilal provides them deep freezers for storage of icecreams,

Display sing broads, POP, etc promotional material that helps for in

boosting business.

ACHIEVEMENTS

In an attempt to tap the growing market for ice-creams and processed

foods, Vadilal Industries plans to double its manufacturing capacity at

its Ahmedabad, Pundhra and Bareilly plants. The company expects to

complete expansion by May this year.

 

Talking to Business Standard about the expansion plans, managing

director, Rajesh Gandhi said, “We will be doubling our ice-cream

plants’ capacity at all the locations. We will also be setting up a new

ice-cream plant in Kolkata by the end of the year.”

 

According to Devanshu Gandhi, Co-MD, Vadilal Industries, the current

capacity of the ice-cream plants is around 1.3 lakh litres per day which

would be increased to 2.6 lakh litres per day. “The doubling of

Page 32: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

capacity would require an investment of Rs 20 crore. The initial

capacity of the new plant at Kolkata would be around 50,000 litres per

day,” added Gandhi.

 

Gandhi also mentioned that the company will be investing around Rs

12-15 crore for doubling the processed food plant’s capacity at

Valsad. The company expects a turnover of Rs 50 crore from the

Valsad plant by next year.

 

Currently the turnover from processed food business is around Rs 30-

35 crore. From the ice-cream plants, Vadilal is expecting a rise in

turnover from current Rs 140 crore to Rs 200 crore by next year.

 

With the booming retail market in the country and especially in

Gujarat, Vadilal is planning to introduce specially designed carry home

packs of ice-cream for retail customers.

 

“The format of retail is usually not suitable for products like ice-cream,

therefore we are planning to introduce carry home packs of ice-cream

Page 33: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

specially designed for this format,” said Gandhi. Vadilal has an overall

market share of 25 per cent in the ice-cream segment in the country

and 55 per cent in Gujarat.

Page 34: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

INTRODUCTION

VADILAL AT BAREILLY

On 4 march 1996 this day set ablaze the spark for the glowing dreams in many hearts to set up

vadilal icecreme in Bareilly up

Page 35: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

The overall investment of Rs 10 crores from vadilal and 7 crores from other ancillary units

around it. The mechanized home spered over 20 acres with 12 acres of constructed area.

The factory is equipped with high speed , highly automated machines. MR. PRAVEEN SINGH

AREN , mayor of Bareilly , formally inaugurated the factory on 25 march 1996 in the presence

of vice chairmen and director of vadilal.

Page 36: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

ORGANIZATION

STRUCTURE

AT VADILAL

FACTORY MANAGER

SANJEEV GUPTA

Page 37: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

CLS PLANT TP PLANT UTILITY/ ENGG. QUALITY COMMERCIAL HR DEP

Prod.mgr. Prod.mgr Factory eng Quality Comm.mgr HR mg

MGR

AKHILESH YADAV ANKIT JAIN P JAGADISH SATISH DESPANDE

PROMOD JAIN DINESH SINGH

8 officer 6 officer 5 officer 4 officer 6 officer 4 officer

workmen workmen workmen workmen staff workmen

136 102 3 7 5 4

Page 38: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

INTRODUCTION TO

RECRUITMENT

INTRODUCTIQN TO RECRUITMENT

Page 39: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Once the required number and kind of human resources are determined the Mgmt. has to find the

places where required human resources are available and also find the means of attracting them

towards the organization before selecting suitable candidates for jobs. All process is generally

known as recruitment. Some people use the term 'recruitment for employment'. These two are

not one and the same recruitment is only one of the steps in the entire employment for process.

These two terms are not one and the same either, Technically speaking the function of

recruitment precedes the selection function and it includes only finding developing the sources of

prospective employees and 'attracting them to apply for jobs in an organization where as the

selection is the process of finding out the most suitable candidate to the job out of the candidates

attracted (i.e. recruited)

Recruitment forms the first stage in the process, which' continues with selection and

ceases with the placement of the candidate. It is the next step in the procurement function the

first being the manpower planning recruitment makes it possible to acquire the number and types

of people necessary to ensure the continued operation of the organization. Recruiting is the

discovering of potential applicants for actual or anticipated' organizational vacancies. In other

words; it is a "linking activity" bringing

together those with jobs and those seeking jobs.

As Yoder and others point out "Recruitment is a process to discover the sources of

manpower to meet the requirements of the, staffing schedule and to employ the effective

measures for attracting that manpower in adequate numbers to facilitate effective selection of an

efficient working force.”Accordingly the purpose of recruitment is to locate sources of

manpower to meet job recruitment & job specifications.

Page 40: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

According to Flippo "Recruitment is a process of searching for prospective

employees and stimulating and encouraging them to apply for jobs in an

organization."

Selection, on the other hand tends to be negative because it rejects a good member of those who

apply leaving only the best to be hired.

OBJECTIVES OF RECRUITMENT

Page 41: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

1. To attract people with multi dimensional skills and experiences that suits the present and

future organizational strategies.

2. To induct outsiders with a new perspective to lead the company.

3. To infuse the fresh blood at all levels of organization

4. To develop an organizational culture that attracts competent people to the company.

5. To search or hunt head pouch people whose skill fit the companies values

6. To devise methodologies for assessing psychological traits

7. To seek out non-conventional development grounds of talent.

8. To search for talent globally and not just within the company.

9. To design entry pays that competes on quality but not on quantum.

10. To anticipate and find people for positions that does not exist yet.

FACTORS AFFECTING RECRUITMENT

Page 42: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

All organizations, whether large or small do engage in recruiting activity, through not the same

extent. This differs with-

1. The size of the organization.

2. The employment conditions in the community where the organization is located.

3. The effects of past recruiting efforts which show the organization ability to locate and

keep good performing people.

4. Working conditions & salary and benefit packages offered by the organization, this may

influence turnover and necessitate future recruiting.

5. The rate of growth of organization.

6. The level of seasonality of operations and future expansion and production programs. .

7. Cultural, economic and legal factors etc.

SOURCES QF RECRUITMENT

Page 43: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Before an organization activity begins recruiting applicants should consider the most likely

source of the type of employee it needs. Some companies try to develop new sources, while most

only try to tackle the existing sources they have. These sources accordingly may be termed as

internal and external.

INTERNAL SOURCES.

Internal sources includes:-

1. Present permanen1 employees.

2. Present temporary/casual employees.

PRESENT PERMANENT EMPLOYEES :-

Organization consider the candidates form this source for higher level jobs due to (i) availability

of most suitable candidates for jobs relatively or equally to the external source, (Ii) to meet the

trade union demands, (iii) to the policy of the organization to motivate the present employees.

PRESENT TEMPORARY /CASUAL EMPLOYEES:-

Organizations field this source to fill the vacancies relatively at the lower level wing to

availability of suitable candidates to trade and pressures or in order to motivate the present job.

EXTERNAL SOURCES

Page 44: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

External Sources are those sources, which are outside the organization pursuits, Organization

search for the required candidates from these sources for the following reasons:-

1. The suitable candidates with skill, knowledge, talent etc are generally available.

2. Candidates can be selected without any preconceived notion or reservations.

3. Cost of employees can be minimized because employees selected from this source are

generally places in minimum pay scale.

4. Expertise, excellence and experience easily brought to the organization.

5. Human resources mix can be balanced with different background, experience, skill etc.

6. Latest knowledge skill, innovative or creative talent can also be flowed in to the

organization.

7. Existing will also broadens their personalityLong-run benefit to the organization in the

sense that human resources can be brought.

EXTERNAL SOURCES INCLUDE

Page 45: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

1. CAMPUS RECRUITMENT .

Different types of organization like industries, business firms, service organization can

get inexperienced candidates of different Types from educational institutions like

colleges and universities imparting education in Science Commerce, Arts, Engineering

and Technology, Agriculture, Medicine, Mgmt Studies etc, and trained candidates

indifferent disciplines like Vocational Engineering, Medicine from the training Institutes

like Vocational Training Institutes of state Govt. in various trades, National Industrial

Training Institutes fro Engineers etc. Most of the Universities and Institutes imparting

technical education in various disciplines like engineering" technology, mgmt and studies

provide facilities for campus recruitment. and selection. They maintain the bio-data and

performance required of the candidate organization seeking to recruit the candidates from

this source can directly contact the institutes either in person by post and stimulate the

candidates to apply for Jobs. Most of the organization using this source performance the

function of selection after completing recruitment in the campus of the institute itself

with a view to minimizing time lapse and to securing the cream before. It is attracted by

some other organization.

2. PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES/CONSULTANTS

Page 46: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Public employment agencies or consultants like ABC consultants in India perform the

recruitment functions on behalf of a. client company by charging fee line managers are

relieved from recruitment functions so that they can concentrate on their operational

activities and recruitment functions is entrusted to a private agency or consultants. But

due to limitations of high cost, ineffectiveness in performance, confidential nature of this

function, management sometimes do not depend on this source. How're, these agencies

function effectively in the recruitment of executives? .Hence, they are also called as

executive search agencies. Most. of the organization depends on this source for highly

socialized positions and executive positions.

3. PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE

The Govt. set-up public employment exchanges in the country to provide information

about vacancies to the candidates and to help the organization in finding out suitable

candidates. The employment exchange act 1959 makes it obligatory for public sector and

private sector enterprises in India to fill certain types of vacancies though public

employment exchanges. These industries have do depend on public employment

exchanges for the specified vacancies.

4. PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

All associations maintain complete bio-date of their members and provide the same to

various organizations on requisition. They also act an exchange between their members

and recruitment firms in exchanging information, clarifying doubts etc. Organization

Page 47: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

finds this source more useful to recruit the experienced and professional employees like

executives, managers' engineers.

5- INTERVIEW –

Interview Planning

HR will prepare an interview plan based on the interview(s) scheduled. This will contain:

Interview Date,

Time

Place

Tentative Panel Members

The number of confirmed candidates for the interview is updated a day in advance.

Page 48: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Conducting Interviews

Recruitment Group will send a mail before the interview to concerned panel members.

The panel members will send an acknowledgement to' HR indicating the confirmation! rejection,

so that HR can re-structure the panel. HR will then organize the interview.

The Interview Panel is provided an interview kit, containing the resume of the candidate

and the Interview Rating Form (IRF). At the end of the interview, the interviewers with their

recommendations fill the IRF. The next action plan is developed based on the recommendations

o-f the panel members. Occasionally further rounds of interviews and reference checks are done,

if required and suggested by the Panel or Hiring Manager or HR. For selected candidates the

recruitment group maps them with open NHR’s. Recruitment Group works with the hiring

manager to match these. Hiring Manager makes ,the final choice and the decision.

Offer

If required, as mentioned above, HR will perform reference checks for the selected candidates or

arrange for the same with the help of an external agency.

Page 49: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Salary Fitment

The hiring Manager along with the recruitment manager works on the Salary fitment. At

VADILALt the system of role, based compensation fitment is followed.(Refer to guidelines for

Compensation fitment)

The following details are captured in the application to generate the offer:

Ref. Number (Automatically Generated)

Offer Date (Automatically generated)

Personal details like Name and Address

Educational Details

Cost to Company (CTC)

Grade

Relocation, Joining Bonus, if any

NHR against which candidate was interviewed

Approvals from Recruitment group, Hiring manager( s) and Function Heads

HR will send offer of appointment along with the joining date and details of documents needed

for joining. It will also follow up with the candidate for joining and provide necessary assistance

or clarify any query before joining. In most cases, even the hiring manager would stay in touch

with the candidate.

Page 50: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Document Control

The test papers, answer sheets (stencil) and commonly used documents by recruitment team are

named as per the following nomenclature.

Test Papers

VADILAL /REC abc/yy-nn

Where:

VADILAL-vadilal

REC – Recruitment

a -E for Engineering, NE for Non-engineering

b -L for lateral hires and F for Fresher

c -Type of paper (J for Java, C for C++, T for testing, CW for content writer, TW for

technical writer, D for DSP, c-s for stencil (answer sheets))

yy: -year

.nn -version no

These test papers are centrally stored in ‘hr in common area (vadilalgroup.com)’ is controlled

documents.

For example: vadilal/REC/ELC/04-01

Page 51: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

METHODS OR TECHNIQUES OF RECRUITMENT

Recruitment techniques are the means or media by, which mgmt contracts prospective

employees or provide necessary information or exchanges ideas or stimulate them to apply for

jobs. Mgmt uses different types of techniques or stimulate internal and external candidates.

Techniques useful to stimulate internal candidates are:-

1. Promotion

2. Transfer, Techniques useful to stimulate external candidates

3. Present employees.

PROMOTIONS

Most of the internal candidates would be stimulated to take up higher Responsibilities and

express their willingness to be engaged in the higher- Level jobs if mgmt gives them the

assurance that they will be promoted to the next higher level.

TRANSFERS

Employees will be stimulated to work in the new sections or places if Mgmt wish to transfer

them to the places of their choice.

Page 52: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE PRESENT EMPLOYEES

Mgmt can contact. Persuade the outsiders to apply for job in the

Organizations through the recommendations present employees, trade union leaders etc.

Page 53: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

RECRUITMENT

AT VADILAL

Page 54: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

RECRUITMENT OF WORKMEN

TYPES OF WORKMEN

There are two categories or workmen at VADILAL

Assistant Technical Trainee (ATT) -Unskilled or Semi skilled

Technical Trainee (TT ) - Skilled

TYPE OF WORKMEN CATEGORY QUALIFICATION

ATT High School SSC

TT FITTER 2 Yr. ITI Diploma in Fitter Trade

ELECTRICTION 2 Yr. ITI Diploma in Electrical

Trade

INSTRUMENTATION 2 Yr. ITI Diploma in

Instrumentation Trade

CRITERIA FOR SELECTION

The following are the criteria for selection of workmen

1) Educational Qualification:

For the post of Assistant Technician Trainee the qualification should not be below High School

and above SSC and for Technician Trainee it should be ITI with 1 year or 2 years of experience.

Graduates or post graduates are not to be taken.

Page 55: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

2) Age:

The age group range is from 26~35 years. The idea behind taking this age group people is to

have more sincere and responsible and mature workforce

PROCESS OF SELECTION

These are the following steps of Selection Process:

1. Greeting List from Employment Exchange

2. Preparation of Call Letters

3. Conduction of Written Examination

4. Correction of copies.

5. Call for interview.

6. Interview Process

7. Verification form Investigation Agency

8. Verification of TAT Sheets

9. Medical Examination

1. GETTING LISTS FROM EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE -

NOTIFICATION TO EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGES -

Under the Employment Exchange Act 1960(section 4), Vadilal notify to various employment

exchanges through FORM-4 which furnish the vacancy notice & rules for filling up of any

vacancies. It sends notification to all the Employment Exchanges specifying all the details of

employment like no. of vacancies, type of vacancy etc.

Page 56: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

The Employment Exchange should be asked to send a list of candidates giving name, address,

qualification, and age so that vadilal can send them call letters.

2. PREPARATION OF CALL LETTERS -

After getting the list from employment exchange it is segregated trade wise, roll nos.are allotted

and then call letters are prepared specifying time, date and venue of examination. Call letters are

prepared within one week and are dispatched at least 15 days before the scheduled examination.

3. CONDUCTION OF WRITTEN EXAMINATION:

This is whole process involves following activities:

A. Planning for Exam

B. Preparation of Test Papers

A. PLANNING FOR EXAMINATION

Planning for how, when and where the exam is to be conducted.

A recruitment checklist is prepared which contains the following:

Basic Information Form.

TAT Pictures.

Attendance List.

Question Paper.

Employment Exchange List.

Answer Sheets.

Page 57: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

B) PREP ARA TION OF TEST PAPERS

Purpose of exam:

The test is objective to short-list a smaller group of candidates with better knowledge of the

trade/subject. I.Q. expected for the category, and common sense, and a basic aptitude for the

trade/profession.

There are Separate exam papers for ATT and TT. The paper is for 30 minutes. For Assistant

Technician Trainee the paper is divided into 3sections.

SECTION MAX MARKS

Mathematics 10

General Knowledge 10

View Test 10

Total 30

For Technical the paper is also divided into 3 sections.

SECTION MAX MARKS

Mathematics 10

Trade Test 10

View Test 10

Total 30

Page 58: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

4. CORRECTION OF COPIES AND PREP ARA TION OF MERIT

For checking the copies a passing criteria is set. A minimum of 2 marks is necessary for getting

into preliminary round of interview.

Person gets rejected if getting marks below this.

5. CALL FOR INTERVIEW.

After correcting the copies a merit list is prepared based on passing criteria. Candidates are to be

called for interview by phone.

6. INTERVIEW PROCESS

The candidates short-listed are called for the interview. The following activities are conducted

during the preliminary interview.

A. BRIEFING -

Purpose:

To find out unwilling and undesirable candidates

To make willing candidates aware about the company, products, work profile, shift

timings etc

Procedure:

Chest no. is given to each candidate prior to briefing. Following are the points communicated to

candidates in briefing:

Information about the company and make people understand that vadilal is not a Govt.

Company nor an MNC

Information about the products manufactured by vadilal

Give an idea about the nature of the job

Page 59: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Makes it clear that the candidate is taken as a trainee & training period is for 18 months

including 6 months of probation

Graduates are not taken.

Remuneration of A TT and TT.

Progression of pay.

No leave is provided during training period.

Provision of quarterly appraisal.

At the end of briefing HR officer announces that all those candidates who are not interested can

leave and the rest can stay back. It forms the crux of the entire briefing procedure.

B. FILLING UP OF BASIC INFORMATION FORM.

Purpose

To get the background information this will serve as the individuals' personal record.

Get data which will serve as basis for personal verification by security agency

Determine the "need" for the job.

Look and observe the behavior of the person during filling up process to understand his

intelligence level, ability and willingness to follow instructions, body language and

degree of seriousness.

Procedure:

After briefing the Basic Information Forms are distributed to all. A prescribed application form

is to be filled up by the candidates, attaching a passport size photograph. All the details of

candidate including educational qualification, postal address and permanent address, family

Page 60: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

structure, other training details (if any), previous employment history, name of people for

reference, etc..

C. GROUP EXERCISE.

Purpose:

To observe the behavior of the person in group and understand certain basic attributes of

a person. Like team player and leadership qualities.

Procedure:

All candidates are called in-groups.

D. THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST (TAT)

This is a psychological test through which certain needs of the person at sub-

conscious level are identified

Purpose:

To identify the psychology of the candidate.

Procedure:

Total six-blurred pictures are shown in this test. Each picture is shown for 15 seconds and

immediate after that 5 minutes are given to write a story inspired by that picture. For writing

stories, a copy of seven blank sheets is given having page nos. First page contains information

like name of candidate, Date of Examination, Chest no., Roll No. and six separate pages having

page nos. to write stories. All these instructions are told before

commencing the TAT.

Page 61: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

E. PRELIMINARY INTERVIEW :

Purpose:

To determine the persons need for the job

To determine whether he fits into the work profile.

To know about the work experience and previous employment history of the person.

Procedure

After TAT, candidates are called for preliminary interview individually. Personal interview is

taken by a board, which include the Officer of the concerned Department and the HR

officer/Manager.

Filled Basic Information Form of the candidate is provided to write the

comments by panel members.

After the interview, the comments of the board are taken into consideration to screen

candidate for the final interview.

F. FINAL INTERVIEW:

Purpose :

Verify the findings of preliminary interview.

Decide whether to go with the candidate or to reject him.

Page 62: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Procedure:

After the preliminary interview, the Cluster HR Manager further interviews all the short-listed

candidates and finally the required number of persons is selected.

7. VERIFICA TION FROM INVESTIGATION AGENCY: PROBE

An external investigation agency named "PROBE Intelligence Services" is hired for the purpose.

Purpose:

To check whether the given information about qualification, family, previous job, etc is

correct or not

Investigation report helps in taking a decision whether to take a person or not. If the

person gives wrong information or conceals any facts then he is not to be taken.

Procedure:

Copies of Basic Information Form of short listed candidates are sent to investigation agency. In

investigation report referral checks are also done.

Following are the areas to be checked by investigation agency

Applicants positive Identification

Residential Address

Family Background

Educational History

Health History

Page 63: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Criminal or Civil Record Check

Heavy Drinking or Drug Abuse

Union or Political Affiliations

Compensation or Industrial Dispute

Neighborhood References

After getting investigation report some candidates may get rejected due to any of the following

reasons:

Concealed Educational Facts

Bad record in the local police station

Wrong information About previous employment

Bad report from his neighbors.

Not found medically fit.

Page 64: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

REJECTION AFTER REFERENCE CHECK

REASON FOR REJECTION-

Here is graph, which shows the trend of rejections after reference check.

8- VERIFICATION OF TAT SHEETS

Tat sheet of finally short listed candidates are sent for psychological test verification. In Tat,

person is checked on positive, neutral and negative drives.

Page 65: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

MEDICAL EXAMINATION

PURPOSE:

To check the medical fitness of candidate

Procedure:

After verification of the investigation report and positive recommendation from TAT results, the

decision is taken further to call the candidate for medical examination. The selected candidate

has to undergo medical examination, which is organized by HR Department. On receiving the

“Fitness Certificate the candidate can be offered an appointment letter.

A graph is enclosed to show the trend of rejection after medical examination

CALL FOR JOINING

Page 66: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Once a candidate is screened, tested, interviewed, selected and found medically fit, his file is

again taken into consideration and if all information is correct he is supposed to be called for

joining. This time he is called by phone. Before joining offer letter is given to him.

Page 67: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

THEMATIC

APPERCEPTION TEST

THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST'

Page 68: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

The Thematic Apperception Test, or TAT, is a projective measure intended to evaluate a person's

patterns of thought, attitudes, observational capacity, and emotional responses to ambiguous test

materials. In the case of the TAT, the ambiguous materials consists a set of cards that portray

human figures In a variety of settings and situations. The subject is asked to tell the examiner a

story about each card that includes the following elements: the event shown in the picture; what

has led up to it; what the characters in the Picture are feeling and thinking; and the outcome of

the event.

Because the TAT is an example of a projective instrument- that is, it asks the subject to project

his or her habitual patterns of thought and emotional responses onto the pictures on the cards-

many psychologists prefer not to call it a "test," because it implies that there are "right" and

"wrong" answers to the questions. They consider the term "technique" to be a more accurate

description of the TAT and other projective assessments.

PURPOSE

Individual assessments

The TAT is often administered to individuals as part of a battery, or group, of tests intended to

evaluate personality. It is considered to be effective in eliciting information about a person's view

of the world and his or her attitudes toward the self and others. As people taking the TAT

proceed through the various story cards and tell stories about the pictures, they reveal their

expectations of relationships with peers, parents or other authority figures, subordinates, and

possible romantic partners. In addition to assessing the content of the stories that the subject is

telling, the examiner evaluates the subject's manner, vocal tone, posture, hesitations, and other

signs of an emotional response to a particular story picture. For example, a person who is made

Page 69: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

anxious by a certain picture may make comments about the artistic style of the picture, or remark

that he or she does not like the picture; this is a way of avoiding telling a story about it.

The TAT is often used in individual assessments of candidates for employment in fields

requiring a high degree of skill in dealing with other people and/or ability to cope with high

levels of psychological stress- such as law enforcement, military leadership positions, religious

ministry, education, diplomatic service, etc. Although the TAT should not be used in differential

diagnosis of mental disorders, it is often administered to individuals who have already received a

diagnosis m order to match them with the type of psychotherapy best suited to .their

personalities. Lastly the TAT IS sometimes used for forensic purposes m evaluating the

motivations and general attitudes of persons accused of violent crises. For example the TAT was

recently administered to a 24-year-old man In prison for a series of sexual murders. The results

indicated that his attitudes toward other people are not only outside normal limits but are similar

to those of other persons found guilty of the same type of crime.

The TAT can be given repeatedly to an individual as a way of measuring progress in

psychotherapy or, in some cases, to help the therapist understand why the treatment seems to be

stalled or blocked.

Page 70: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

RESEARCH

In addition to its application in individual assessments, the TAT is frequently used for research

into specific aspects of human personality; most often needs for achievement, fears of failure,

hostility and aggression, and interpersonal object relations.. "Object relations" is a phrase used in

psychiatry and psychology to refer to the ways people internalize their relationships with others

and the emotional tone of their relationships. Research into object relations using the TAT

investigates a variety of different topics, including the extent. to which people are emotionally

involved in relationships with others; their ability to understand the complexities of human

relationships; their ability to distinguish between their viewpoint on a situation and the

perspectives of others involved; their ability to control aggressive impulses; self-esteem issues;

and issues of personal identity. For example, one recent study compared responses to the TAT

from a group of psychiatric inpatients diagnosed with dissociative disorders with responses from

a group of non-dissociative inpatients, in order to investigate some of the controversies about

dissociative identity disorder (formerly called multiple personality disorder).

Precautions

Students in medicine, psychology, or other fields who are learning to administer and interpret the

TAT receive detailed instructions about the number of factors that can influence a person's

responses to the story cards. In general, they are advised to be conservative in their

interpretations, and to err “the side of health" rather than of psychopathology when evaluating a

subject’s responses. In addition, the 1992 Code of Ethics of the American Psychological

Association requires examiners to be knowledgeable about cultural and social differences, and to

be responsible in interpreting test result with regard to these differences.

Page 71: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Experts in the use of the TAT recommend obtaining a personal and medical history from the

subject before giving the TAT, in order to have some context for evaluating what might

otherwise appear to be abnormal or unusual responses. For example, frequent references to death

or grief in the stories would not be particularly surprising from a subject who had recently been

bereaved. In addition, the TAT should not be used as the sole examination in evaluating an

individual; it should be combined with other interviews and tests.

Cultural, Gender, and class issues

The large numbers of research studies that have used the TAT have indicated that cultural,

gender, and class issues must be taken into account when determining whether a specific

response to a story card is "abnormal" strictly speaking, or whether it may be a normal response

from a person in a particular group. For example, the card labeled 6GF shows a younger woman

who is seated turning toward a somewhat older man who is standing behind her and smoking a

pipe. Most male subjects do not react to this picture as implying aggressiveness, but most female

subjects regard it as a very aggressive picture, with unpleasant overtones of intrusiveness and

danger. Many researchers consider the gender difference in responses to this card as a reflection

of the general imbalance in power between men and women in the larger society.

In the TAT, the test subject (the boy shown here) examines a set of cards that portray

human figures in a variety of settings and situations, and is asked to tell a story about each

card. The story includes the event shown in the picture, preceding events, emotions and

Page 72: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

thoughts of those portrayed, and the outcome of the event shown. The story content and

structure are thought to reveal the subject's attitudes, inner conflicts, and views.

Race is another issue related to the TAT story cards. The original story cards, which were created

in 1935, all involved Caucasian figures. As early as 1949, researchers who were administering

the TAT to African Americans asked whether the race of the figures in the cards would influence

the subjects' responses. Newer sets of TAT story cards have introduced figures representing a

wider variety of races and ethnic groups. As of 2002, however, it is not clear whether a subject's

ability to identify with the race of the figures in the story cards improves the results of. A TAT

assessment.

MULTIPLICITY OF SCORING SYSTEMS

One precaution required in general assessment of the TAT is the absence of a normative scoring

system for responses. The original scoring system devised in 1943 by Henry Murray, one of the

authors of the TAT, attempted to account for every variable that it measures. Murray's scoring

system is time-consuming and unwieldy, and as a result has been little used by later interpreters.

Other scoring systems have since been introduced that focus on one or two specific variables-for

example, hostility or depression. While these systems are more practical for clinical use, they

lack comprehensiveness. No single system presently used for scoring the TAT has advised

widespread acceptance. The basic drawback of any scoring system in evaluating responses to the

TAT story cards is that information that is not relevant to that particular system is simply lost.

Page 73: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

COMPUTER SCORING

A recent subject of controversy in TAT interpretation concerns the use of computers to evaluate

responses. While computers were used initially only to score tests with simple yes/no answers,

they were soon applied to interpretation of projective measures. A computerized system for

interpreting the Rorschach was devised as early as 1964. As of 2002, there are no computerized

systems for evaluating responses to the TAT; however, users of the TAT should be aware of the

controversies in this. field. Computers have two basic limitations for use with the TAT: the first

is that they cannot observe and record the subject's vocal tone, eye contact, and other aspects of

behavior that a human examiner can note. Second, computers are not adequate for the

interpretation of unusual subject profiles.

DESCRIPTION

The TAT is one of the oldest projective measures in continuous use. It has become the most

popular projective technique among English-speaking psychiatrists and psychologists, and is

better accepted among clinicians than the Rorschach.

HISTORY OF THE TAT

The TAT was first developed in 1935 by Henry Murray, Christiana Morgan, and their colleagues

at the Harvard Psychological Clinic. The early versions of 'the TAT listed Morgan as the first

author, but later versions dropped her name. One of the controversies surrounding the history of

the TAT concerns the long and conflict-ridden extramarital relationship between Morgan and

Page 74: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

Murray, and its reinforcement of the prejudices that existed in the 1930s against women in

academic psychology and psychiatry.

It is generally agreed, however, that the basic idea behind the TAT came from one of Murray's

undergraduate students. The student mentioned that her son had spent his time recuperating

from an illness by cutting pictures out of magazines and making up stories about them. The

student wondered whether similar pictures could be used in therapy to tap into the nature of a

patient’s fantasies.

ADMINISTRATION

The TAT is usually administered to individuals in a quiet room free from interruptions or

distractions. The subject sits at the. edge of ~ table or desk next the examiner. The examiner

shows the subject a series of story cards taken from the full set of 31 TAT cards. The usual

number of cards shown to the subject is between 10 and 14, although Murray recommended the

use of 20 cards, administered in two separate one-hour sessions with the subject the original 31

cards were divided into three categories, for use with men only, with women only, or for use

with subjects of either sex. Recent practice has moved away from the use of separate sets of

cards for men and women.

The subject is then instructed to tell a story about the picture in each card, with specific

instructions to include a description of the event in the picture, the developments that led up to

the event, the thoughts and feelings of the people in the picture, and the outcome of the Story.

The examiner keeps the cards in a pile face down in front of him or her, gives them to the subject

one at a time, and asks the subject to place each card face down as its story is completed.

Administration of the TAT usually takes about an hour.

Page 75: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

RECORDING

Murray's original practice was to take notes by hand on the subject's responses, including his or

her nonverbal behaviors. Research has indicated, however, that a great deal of significant

material is lost when notes are recorded in this way. As a result, some examiners now use a tape

recorder to record subjects' answers. Another option involves asking the subject to write down

his or her answers.

INTERPRETATION

There are two basic approaches to interpreting responses to the TAT, called nomothetic and

idiographic respectively. Nomothetic interpretation .refers to the practice of establishing norms

for answers from subjects m specific age, gender, racial, or educational level groups and then

measuring a given subject responses against those norms. Idiographic interpretation refers to

evaluating the unique features of the subject's view of the world and relationships. Most

psychologists would classify the TAT as better suited to idiographic than nomothetic

interpretation.

In interpreting responses to the TAT, examiners typically focus their attention on one of three

areas: the content of the stories that the subject tells; the feeling or tone of the stories; or the

subject's behaviors apart from responses. These behaviors may include verbal remarks (for

example, comments about feeling stressed by the situation or not being a good storyteller) as

well as nonverbal actions or signs (blushing, stammering, fidgeting in the chair, difficulties

making eye contact with the examiner, etc.) The story content usually reveals the subject's

attitudes, fantasies, wishes, inner conflicts, and view of the outside world. The story structure

Page 76: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

typically reflects the subject's feelings, assumptions about the world, and an underlying attitude

of optimism or pessimism.

RESULTS

The results of the TAT must be interpreted in the context of the subject's personal history, age,

sex, level of education, occupation, racial or ethnic identification, first language, and other

characteristics that may be important. "Normal" results are difficult to define in a complex

multicultural society I like the contemporary United States.

Page 77: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

RESEARCH ANALYSIS

Page 78: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

LOCATION’-LUCKNOW

LIST OF CANDIDATES FROM EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE 199

CANDIDATES CALLED-183

REASONS OF REJECTED CANDIDATES

CANDIDATE APPEARED-86

CANDIDATE SELECTED-13

Page 79: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

NO OF REJECTED CANDIDATES

REASONS FOR REJECTION

Page 80: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

LOCATION- BAREILLY

LIST OF CANDIDATES FROM EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE-10

CANDIDATES CALLED-67

REASON FOR REJECTION

Page 81: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

CANDIDATES APPEARED-49

CANDIDATES SELECTED-9

S

CANDIDATE REJECTED-40

FINDINGS

Page 82: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

1. More than 50% of staff of Personnel Department is aware of the Recruitment Procedures

& Policies.

2. Company gives more emphasis on external candidates by recruiting 70% of workmen

from Uttarakhand region while 30% from other states.

3. Company prefers same method of Recruitment for Executive Category, Supervisory

Category & for Workmen Category.

4. Most of the employees are satisfied with Recruitment Procedures.

5. Company prefer following modes of Recruitment

Employment exchange

Personal contact

RECOMMENDATIONS

Employment exchange must send the desired profile only so that screening time and cost

of the company is reduced.

The cut-off marks in the screening test can be increased so that those candidates who are

not eligible are rejected at the entry level by which they can further reduce their cost of

hiring.

Page 83: To Study the Recruitment and Selection Procedure_vadilal

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Human Resource Management – Dr.C.B.Gupta

2. www.Vadilalgroup.Com

3. www.Google.Com

4. www.rediff.com

`````