PowerPoint Presentation

TRNG I HC KINH T K THUT CNG NGHIPKHOA CNG NGH THC PHM

BI THO LUN MN : CNG NGH CH BIN THC PHM

Nhm : 2Lp : HTP6AHN

Danh sch thnh vin : o Th Duyn V H Cm Giang Nguyn Th Giang ( 04/ 12/ 94) Nguyn Th Giang ( 04/ 07/ 94 ) Nguyn Th HPhm Th Thu H V Th HL Th Thu H L Th Hi Ct Th Hn Nguyn Th Minh Hng Nguyn Th Hng ( 24/ 10/ 94) Nguyn Th Hng ( 07/ 08/ 94) L Th M Hnh

Cu hi tho lun

Sy bng dng in cao tn , Sy thng hoa

A. Sy thng hoa:1.nh ngha : Sy thng hoa l qu trnh m trong nc c chuyn t dng rn sang dng hi bng s thng hoa.2. Nguyn l hot ng :

Trong : Ti O : t = 0,00980 C; p = 4,6 mmHgng BO : pha rn pha hing OA : pha rn pha lngng OK : pha lng pha kh.Ti K : im ti hn

AKOFEDB

Nu m trong vt liu sy c trng thi ng bng im F nh trn gin , c t nng ng p n nhit tD tng ng vi im D th nc th rn s thc hin qu trnh thng hoa DE. Cng trn gin c th thy rng p sut cng thp th nhit thng hoa ca nc cng b. Do , khi cp nhit cho vt liu sy p sut cng thp th chnh lch nhit gia ngun nhit v vt liu sy cng tng. ng v mt truyn nhit th y l u im ca sy thng hoa so vi sy chn khng bnh thng. Qu trnh sy thng hoa gm 3 giai on :

a, Giai on lm lnh:- Trong giai on ny vt liu sy c lm lnh t nhit mi trng khong 20oC xung n nhit -10-40oC. - Khng gian ca bnh thng hoa c ht chn khng v p sut trong bnh gim xung. Do p sut gim nn phn p sut hi nc trong khng gian bnh thng hoa cng gim so vi phn p sut hi nc trong lng vt liu sy. Hin tng thot m t vt liu sy vo khng gian bnh thng hoa. kt thc giai on lm lnh nhit ca vt liu sy nh hn nhit im ba. p sut trong bnh thng hoa cng nh hn p sut im ba.- Theo s liu thc nghim c khong 1015% ton b m thot ra khi vt trong giai on ny.

b, Giai on thng hoa: - Nh dng nhit ch yu l bc x t cc tm bc x, nc trong vt liu sy bt u thng hoa mnh lit. m ca vt liu sy gim rt nhanh . Nh vy giai on thng hoa c th xem l giai on c tc sy khng i. - Nhit vt liu sy trong giai on ny hu nh khng i. Cui giai on ny, nhit vt liu sy mi dn dn tng t -10-40oC ln 0oC. n y qu trnh thng hoa kt thc.c, Giai on bc hi m cn li:Sau giai on thng hoa, do trng thi ca nc trong vt liu sy nm trn im ba nn m trong vt liu sy tr v dng lng. V khi p sut trong bnh thng hoa vn c duy tr b hn p sut kh tri nh bm chn khng v vt liu sy vn tip tc c gia nhit nn m vn khng ngng bin t dng lng ln dng hi v i vo khng gian bnh thng hoa. Nh vy giai on bc hi m cn li chnh l qu trnh sy chn khng bnh thng.

Trong sy thng hoa mi quan h gia nhit v p sut l rt quan trng. Khi p sut cng thp th nhit sy thng hoa cng gim, nhng trong thc t rt kh t chn khng thp, la chn mt ch sy thch hp, bng 1 s cho chng ta mi quan h gia p sut v nhit thng hoa ca nc .

Quan h gia p sut v nhit thng hoa ca nc

p sut Nhit mmHgN/m20 C4,6613,3330,00981133,333-17,50,113,333-39,30,0010,133-57,6

3, u nhc im ca qu trnh sy thng hoa : u imNhc im Khi thng hoa cc phn t nc khng va chm nhau Bo ton c cht lng sinh hc ca sn phm sy: + gi c mi thm, hng v, vitamin v protein+ Gi c hnh dng v mu sc ban u ca sn phm+ Cu trc cng rn to ra trong qu trnh lnh ng, ngn cn s bin dng cu trc sau khi sy. L l do gii thch sn phm sy thng hoa c c tnh ht nc tr li nhanh hn so vi sn phm sy thng thng.

Chi ph sy ca mt kg sn phm rt cao- H thng phc tp, cng knh, phi dng ng thi bm chn khng v my lnh Vn hnh phc tp v i hi cng nhn c trnh cao.

u im Nhc im

+ Sn phm c th ht nc tr li hu nh hon ton trong khong 1 3 pht v vn gi li hnh dng cu trc ban u.+ Qu trnh sy thng hoa to ra cc sn phm n nh vi thi gian bo qun rt lu.+ Cc sn phm sy thng hoa bn trong cc khong nhit rng, m khng cn cc h thng phn phi lnh phc tp.- Cc sn phm ny cn c trng lng nh, d dng vn chuyn nn gim c cng chuyn ch. V d: 3000 kg du ty ng lnh sau qu trnh sy thng hoa s cn li 300kg.

4, Phn loi : - Da nguyn l hot ng :+ H thng sy thng hoa hot ng lin tc+ H thng sy thng hoa hot ng theo chu k.

a , H thng sy hot ng gin on : Cu to:

S h thng sy thng hoa.1 Bung thng hoa; 2 Van; 3 Xyfon; 4 B cha nc nng; 5 Bnh ngng;6 Bnh tch lng; 7 Gin ngng NH3; 8 Bnh cha NH3; 10 Bm chn khng; 11,12,13 ng c in; 14 Bm nc; 15 Phin lc; 16 Tm gia nhit;17 Chn khng k; 18 Van iu chnh; 19 Khay cha vt liu sy;20 Tm gia nhit di; 21 B iu chnh nhit.

Nguyn l hot ng :- Vt liu sy c lm lnh n mt nhit thch hp trong cc kho lnh su, thng l t -10-40oC, ri c a vo bung thng hoa (1). Bung thng hoa mt mt c ni vi bm chn khng (10) qua bnh ngng- ng bng (5). Bnh ngng -ng bng (5) c lm lnh bi mt my lnh amoniac gm my nn (9), gin ngng (7), bnh tch lng (6) v bnh cha amoniac (8). Nh bnh ngng- ng bng (5) m m thot ra t vt liu sy c tch ra di dng bng my ht chn khng (10) lm vic vi khng kh kh. iu khng nhng to cho bm chn khng lm vic nh nhng m theo tnh ton trong thc t th chi ph in nng cho c h thng s gim. Mt khc bung thng hoa (1) c ni vi mt h thng cung cp nc nng t bnh cha (4) lm ngun gia nhit cho vt liu sy. - Thit b chnh ca mt h thng sy gin on gm bung thng hoa (1), bnh ngng- ng bng (5), bm chn khng (10) v my lnh vi cc thit b: bnh tch lng (6), gin ngng (7), bnh cha tc nhn lnh (8) v my nn (10).

b , H thng sy lin tc :- i vi h thng sy thng hoa vn hnh lin tc vi mt lng ln nguyn liu c a vo, ngi ta s dng h thng bng ti c phun dng kh lnh lin tc lm lnh ng sn phm trc khi a vo bung sy thng hoa. - Tc khc nhau ca bng ti v b dy ca lp sn phm s quyt nh iu kin lm lnh cho cc sn phm khc nhau.- Trong h thng sy lin tc, cc sn phm thng c phn phi bi mt b phn phn phi c bit n bng ti th nht ca h thng bng ti. Lng nhit cn thit cho qu trnh thng hoa nc c truyn trc tip gia cc bng ti v cc bng truyn nhit t pha di. Cc vng nhit khc nhau thch hp cho cc giai on ca qu trnh sy: giai on trc sy, giai on sy chnh v giai on sau sy.- Vo cui h thng bng ti, cc sn phm sy thng hoa chuyn ra ngoi thng qua kho chn khng v c a vo thng bo qun.- Ging nh h thng sy gin on, h thng sy lin tc gm mt s thit b chnh l: bung sy, bnh ngng-ng bng v bm chn khng.

Hnh 1: S h thng sy lin tc 60 tn/ngy ca hng NIRO.

Hnh 2: M hnh h thng sy thng hoa hot ng lin tc ca hng CONRADTM.