Title of Presentation Northern Mallee Community Leadership Program Presentation by Peter Norden AO...
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Transcript of Title of Presentation Northern Mallee Community Leadership Program Presentation by Peter Norden AO...
Title of Presentation
Northern Mallee
Community
Leadership
Program
Presentation by
Peter Norden AO
Adjunct Professor
RMIT University
19th August 2013
Speaking from the background of:
- criminal justice system and prisons
- mental health and drug and alcohol
- community development work
- intergenerational family disadvantage
- social policy and research (State / Federal)
- public advocacy and reform
ind of change?
What kind of change?
Change is inevitable,
But ….
can Australia still claim to be
a land of hope and opportunity
and a place which provides
“A FAIR GO” for all Australians?
What kind of change?
Australia’s Welfare 2013
Australian Institute of Health &
Welfare
“Where we live, our family
structure,
and our levels of education,
all affect the quality of our lives
and how long we can expect to
live”
What kind of change?
Australia’s Welfare 2013 – For richer,
for poorer:
•In 2009, 13% of the Australian population was classified as
being in relative income poverty (less than $19,967 per
annum disposable household income)
•More than half of one parent families and two-thirds of
people aged 60 and over had experienced poverty for one or
more years between 2001 – 2009
•22% of lower income households were considered to be in
“housing stress” (that is spending more than 30% of gross
income on housing costs) in 2009, compared to 19% of
households in 2003
•More than 105,000 people (1 in 204 Australians) were
homeless on Census night in 2011 (56% were male, 17% were
aged under 12, 25% were aged 45 plus)
CAR Main Points
Positive impact of social cohesion
Strong correlations between social disadvantage factors
Poverty concentrated and entrenched in certain areas
Measures disadvantage by postcode area
CAR Map Vic
Social Comparison – Vic
Unequal in Life
DisadvantageDegree of DisadvantageMiddle rangeDegree of AdvantageAdvantageAll others
Local Disadvantaged Postcodes
LOCAL DISADVANTAGED POSTCODES:
3523 Heathcote 3549 Robinvale
3465 Maryborough 3595 Nyah West
3517 Inglewood 3472 Dunolly
3556 Eaglehawk 3594 Nyah
3450 Castlemaine 3467 Avoca
3672 Benalla 3584 Lake Boga
CAR Disadvantage Factors
Social Disadvantage Factors
Low Birth Weight
Disability/Sickness Allowance
Low Work Skills
MortalityYear 12 Incomplete
ImprisonmentEarly School Leaving
Court ConvictionsLow Family Income
Psychiatric Hosp. Admissions
Long Term Unemployment
Child NeglectUnemployment
CAR Spac Comp Vic
Spatial Compression of Disadvantage - Vic
4.5
Percentage of Victorian Postcode areas needed to account for 25% and 50% of instances of each form of disadvantage
N = 647
8.32.7Child Neglect
11.13.9Court Convictions
12.44.4Early School Leaving
12.9Low Family Income
7.32.1Imprisonment
11.34.1Unemployment
11.64.2Low Work Skills
To Reach50%
To Reach25%
Criminal Justice/Human Rights Intro Slide
Criminal Justice and Human Rights
The Australian prison population has grown at 3 times the rate of the national population over the last 20 years (ABS 1351.0.55.031)
Prisons new mental asylums
High Rates of Prisoners with Mental Illness
26% of prisoners met criteria for mental illness
20% - Major Depression
8% - Manic Depression (Bipolar)
7% - Schizophrenia
30% prisoners surveyed had attempted suicide
Source: Victorian Prisoner Health Studies, DOJ, Feb 2003, p.30 & 36.
Prisons and Hep C
High Rates of Prisoners with Hepatitis C
58% of prisoners tested positive for Hep C Virus
69% of prisoners admit to injecting drugs with most sharing needles
18.5% increase in prisoners found to be HCV carriers
220,000 plus Australians already infected
16,000 new infections each yearSource: Victorian Prisoner Health Studies, DOJ, Feb 2003, p. 90
Coach Community Mentoring
Community Leadership:
How can this contribute?
What are some approaches?
What could be expected
outcomes?
What factors can’t be
controlled?
CAR Social Cohesion Factors
Social Cohesion Factors
Availability of informal help
Volunteering
Participation in organised recreation/sports groups
CAR Early Sch/Unemp SC comp
Across local populations
EARLY SCHOOL
LEAVING
and
UNEMPLOYMENT
are strongly connected
(0.64**)
Connectionremains strong(0.63)
Low social
cohesionplus
Connectionsignificantly
weakens(0.28)
plusHigh social
cohesion
N = 277
Impact of Community Development Interventions (Education)
CAR Low Inc/Imp SC comp
Community Development Interventions Drives a Wedge in the Cycle of
Disadvantage
Across local populations
LOW FAMILY
INCOME
and
IMPRISONMENT
are strongly connected
(0.55**)
Connectiongrows
stronger(0.62)
Low social
cohesionplus
Connectionsignificantly
weakens(0.18)
plusHigh social
cohesion
N = 277
CAR Unemp/Imp SC comp
Across local populations
UNEMPLOYMENT
and
IMPRISONMENT
are strongly connected
(0.65**)
Connectiongrows
stronger(0.75)
Low social
cohesionplus
Connectionsignificantly
weakens(0.22)
plusHigh social
cohesion
N = 277
Impact of Community Development Interventions (Jobs)
Across local populations
UNEMPLOYMENT
and
CHILD NEGLECT
are strongly connected
(0.68**)
Connectionremains
high(0.56)
Low social
cohesionplus
Connection drops(0.40)
plusHigh social
cohesion
N = 277
Impact of Community Development Interventions (Children)
How to make a difference?
HOW TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE?
HOW TO HELP OUR FAMILIES AVOID
THESE PITFALLS (CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND
WELFARE DEPENDENCY)?
HOW TO CREATE REAL OPPORTUNITIES
FOR A FUTURE GENERATION OF
DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN?
Community Development Programs
Community Development Programs
aim to bring about change….
• in individuals, families, and
communities
• to be effective, they must be sustained
• to have broader social change…..
• they must also address structures
Some Observations or Warnings…
Some Observations or Warnings ……
How do these programs promote
broader change rather than family upward
mobility alone?
Where is the role for social policy and
advocacy as well as family support?