Tissue culture is the growth of tissues and cells separate from the organism. This is typically facilitated via use of a liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium, such as broth or agar. Tissue culture commonly refers to the culture of animal cells and tissues, while the more specific term plant tissue culture is being named for the plants.

In 1885 Wilhelm Roux removed a section of the medullary plate of an embryonic chicken and maintained it in a warm saline solution for several days, establishing the basic principle of tissue culture. In 1907 the zoologist Ross Granville Harrison demonstrated the growth of frog nerve cell processes in a medium of clotted lymph. In 1913, E. Steinhardt, C. Israeli, and R. A. Lambert grew vaccinia virus in fragments of guinea pig corneal tissue.

Polybags is separated from the plant without disturbing the root ball of the plant and then plants are planted in the pits keeping the pseudo-stem 2cm below the ground level. Soil around the plant is gently pressed. Deep planting should be avoided.

• True to the type of mother plant under well management.

• Pest and disease free seedlings.

• Uniform growth, increases yield.

• Early maturity of crop.

• Round the year planting possible as seedlings are made available throughout the year.

• New varieties can be introduced and multiplied in a short duration.

1. If large scale production is being thinking, the costs of the equipments are very expensive.2. The procedure is very variable and it depends on the type of the species so sometimes it needs trial-and-error type of experiments if there is not any review about that species.3. The procedure needs special attention and diligently done observation.4. There may be error in the identity of the organisms after culture.5. Infection may continue thorough generations easily if possible precautions are not taken6. Decrease genetic variability.

Animal cells are more difficult to culture than microorganisms because they require more nutrients and they typically grow only when they are attached to specially coated surfaces. Despite these difficulties, various types of animal cells, including both undifferentiated and differentiated ones, can be cultured successfully