Tiros-n Press Kit

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M A ewsNational Aeronautics andSpace AdministrationWashington. 0 .C 20546AC 202 755-8370

ForRelease IMMEDIATE

Press KitRELEASE NO: 78-132

ContentsGENERAL RELEASE..................................TIROS-N MISSION..................................INSTRUMENTATION..................................SPACECRAFT DESCRIPTION...........................LAUNCH VEHICLE...................................FLIGHT SEQUENCE OF EVENTS .........................TIROS-N PROJECT COSTS............................MISSION MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY................CONTRACTORS ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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r n k w sNational Aeronautics andSpace AdministrationWashington.DC 20546AC 202 755-8370

Richard McCormackHeadquarters, Washington, D.C.(Phone: 202/755-2070)

Fc JrReleaseImmediate

Joseph McRobertsGoddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.(Phone 30 /9 8 2- 5 )RELEASE NO: 78-132FIRST IN NEW ENVIRONMENTAL SPACECRAFT SERIES TO BE LAUNCHED

NASA will launch TIROS-N, the first in a series of newoperational meterological monitoring satellites -- the TIROS-Nseries -- from the Western Test Range near Lompoc, Calif.on Sept. 15.

The first of eight in a third generation of polarobriting environmental spacecraft, T IROS -N will carry newenvironmental monitoring instruments into space that shouldprovide significant technological advances over those onboard the current NOAA series spacecraft they will replace.

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The TIROS-N se r ies w i l l be ope ra t ed by t h e N a t i o n a lO cean i c and A t m osphe r i c A dm i n i s t r a t i on ' s ( N O M ) , N a t i o n a lE nv ir on me nt al S a t e l l i t e S e r v i c e s (NESS). Suppor t w i l l beprov i ded by a da t a r e t r i e v a l a nd p r o c e s s i n g s ys te m e s p e c i a l l yd e s ig n e d t o h e l p m e t e o r o l o g i s t s , o c e a no g ra p he r s, h y d r o l o g i s t s ,and o t he r s c i e n t i s t s m a i n t a i n -- and perhaps improve -- t h eq u a l i t y of l i f e on an i nc re a s i n g l y com plex E a r t h .

P o t e n t i a l b e n e f i t s a r e : im pr ov ed w e a th e r a n a l y s i sr e s u l t i n g i n more a c c u r a t e w e a th e r f o r e c a s t s ; m ore s p e c i f i cl o c a t i o n of o ce an c u r r e n t s an d a r e a s of upw e l l i ng ,i m p o r ta n t t o f i s h i n g a nd s h i p p in g i n t e r e s t s ; and morep r e c i s e sn ow co ver , s now melt, and r a i n f a l l d a t a , e s s e n t i a lt o w a t e r r e sou rce management and f l o od fo re ca s t i n g .

I t w i l l a l s o be p o s s i b l e t o g i v e more a c c u r a t e a l e r t sof h i gh e n er gy s o l a r r a d i a t i o n l e v e l s above th e a tmosphere ,of c o nc e rn t o s p a ce m i s s i o n s , h i g h a l t i t u d e co mm erc ia la i r c r a f t f l i g h t s , l on g- ra ng e c om mu nic at io ns, and e l e c t r i c a lpower d i s t r i b u t i o n n e tw o r k s,

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For the first time ever, because of its advanced datacollection and platform location system, the T I RO S - N seriesspacecraft will provide an operational capability tocollect and transmit environmental data from platforms onland, at sea, and airborne, and also determine thegeographic locations of those platforms when they are inmotion on the sea or land surface or aloft.

The sensors are multi-national in character. Eachspacecraft will carry a stratospheric sounding unit fromGreat Britain and a data collection and platform locationsystem from France, while the other sensors were developedin the United States.

It is the TIROS-N series sensors -- and the systems onthe ground that communicate, process, and deliver the finalproducts to the ultimate users -- that are of greatestsignificance.is the most versatile yet to be carried aboard an

The scanning radiometer on board, for example,

environmental satellite. It is designated to gather, andstore for later playback, visible and infrared measurementsand images in four channels.

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This will permit more precise evaluation of land,ice, surface water, cloud conditions, and sea surfacetemperatures, while also transmitting in r e a l time toboth Automatic Picture Transmission (A PT ) and HighResolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) users located inmore than 100 countries around the world.

Similarly, the vertical sounder subsystem, consistingof three instruments, should give improved temperatures towithin 1 degree C and moisture data from the surface ofthe Earth up through the stratosphere.of obscuring cloud cover, some data are recovered since oneof the three instruments can detect microwave radiationunaffected by most clouds.

Even in the presence

The ground support systems are multi-national also.The United States will handle acquisition and processing ofmost of the data through NOAA Command and Data Acquisition(CDA) stations near Fairbanks, Alaska,and Wallops Island, Va.,and a central processing system at Suitland, Md.Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) of France will beresponsible f o r the,processing nd distribution associatedwith the data collection and platform location system.

But the

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And, the French meteorological service will operatea special readout station in Lannion, France to gatheratmospheric temperature data from the satellite duringorbits not visible in the U.S.

The TIROS-N system will be a primary source of datafor the First Global Atmospheric Research Program, GlobalExperiment, an international cooperative project involvingsome 140 countries, scheduled to begin Dec. 1,-1978. Itsinstrumentation payload is designed to meet FGGE requirementsfor quantitative data of the Earth's atmosphere and sea surfacessential. o the solution of atmospheric numerical models forimproved long-range weather forecasts.

The TIROS-N operational system benefits from experiencein designing NASA's original TIROS (Television InfraredObservation Satellite) series of 10 research satelliteswhich began with T I R O S - 1 in 1960.

This series of spacecraft went through a number ofevolutionary stages u n t i l NOAA was satisfied the spacecraftwas ready to go operational and proceeded to fund its ownseries.

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I n 1 9 6 6 i t s f i r s t NOAA O p e r a t i o n a l S a t e l l i t e w a sl a u n c he d , f o l l o w e d b y e i g h t m o r e . T h e Improved TIROSO pe ra t i on a l S a t e l l i t e s ( I T O S ) , w i t h a d v a n ce s i n researchand development, were funded and launched by NASA i n1 9 7 0 -7 1 a n d t h e n f i v e s i m i l a r NOAA-funded s a t e l l i t e sw e r e l aunched f r o m 1 9 7 0 t o t h e p r e s e n t .

T IROS -N d ra w h e a v i l y o n i n s t r u m e n t t e c h n ol o g yg a i n e d f r o m NA SA ' s Nimbus s p a c e c r a f t p r o g r a m . The T1ROS-Nbus i s a modif ied U . S . A i r Force Block 5 D s p a c e c r a f t / b u s ,des igned t o m e e t m iss ion r equ i rem ent s and s t i l l have agrowth c a p a b i l i t y of 25 p e r c e n t i n pa yl oa d c a r r y i n gc a p a b i l i t y .

TIROS-N w a s des igned and funded by NASA and will bemanaged during i t s checkout p e r i o d ( approx im ate ly t w o months)by t h e Goddard Space F l i g h t C en te r , G re enbe l t , M d., be fo r eb e i n g t u r n e d o v e r t o N OM .

TIROS-N w a s d e si g ne d and b u i l t by RCA' s A s t r oElectronics D i v i s i o n , P r i n c e t o n , N. J .

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- 7 -T he l au n c h v e h i c l e i s a s t a n d a r d r e c o n d i ti o n e d

A t l a s E/F, w i t h t h e s ec on d s t a g e a p a r t of t h e s p a c e c r a f t .T h i s s e c o n d s t a g e i s a TE-364-15 s o l i d f u e l motor which,on command of an onboard sy stem , i n j e c t s TIROS-N i n t oc i r c u l a r o r b i t a f t e r s e pa r a t i on from t h e Atlas. A ts e p a r a t i o n t h e s p a c e c r a f t w i l l weigh 734 kg (LO62 lb.)i n c l u d i n g t h e a po ge e k i c k motor (AKM) assembly. The AKMc o n t a i n s 664 kg (1,464 lb.) of p r o p e l l a n t w hich burnst o d e p l e t i o n , l e a v i n g t h e AKM a t t a c h e d t o t h e s p a c e c ra f tb u t w ei g h in g o n l y 4 7 . 7 kg (105 l b . ) i n o r b i t .

The A t l a s is made by Gen era l Dynamics, San Diego, C a l i f . ,a n d t h e AKM i s m anufac tu red by Th ioko l C orpora t ion ,Ogden, Utah.

(END OF RELEASE, BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOLLOWS)


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T IROS -N MISSIONTIROS-N and N O M follow-on satellites consist of eight

third-generation operational meterological polar orbitingspacecraft. The purpose of these satellites is to makemeasurements of temperature and humidity in the Earth'satmosphere, surface temperature, surface and cloud cover,water-ice-moisture boundaries, and proton and electronflux near the Earth. They have the capability of receiving,processing, and retransmitting data from free-floatingballoons, buoys, and remote automatic stations distributedaround the globe and can also track stations which are inmotion. In addition, the NOM - E , -F, and -G spacecraftwill carry Search and Rescue instruments (SAR). Alllaunches are planned for the 1978-84 time period.Project Objectives

TIROS-N objectives include providing an advancedoperational prototype satellite and instruments for athird-generation series of operational meteorologicalsatellites for use in the National Operational EnvironmentalSatellite System (NOESS) and to support the GlobalAtmospheric Research Program (GARP). Specific objectivesinclude providing improved methods of obtaining quantitativeenvironmental data and improved data handling capabilitiesthrough0 Higher resolution, day and night cloud coverobservations on a local and global scale:0 High resolution observations of sea surfacetemperatures:0 Improved observations of vertical temperatureand water vapor profiles in the troposphere and lowerstratosphere on a global basis;

in the middle and upper stratosphere on a global basis;0 Observations of vertical temperature profiles

Operational flight of a high-capacity datacollection/relay and platform location system;0 Observations of electron and proton fluxdensities and total particle energy densities inthe near-Earth space environment.

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- 9 -The general objective of the program will be toimprove the capability of the operational environmentalsatellite system operated by the Department of Commerce/

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (DOC/NOAA).The TIROS-N series is based on the Block 5D spacecraftbus developed by RCA Astro Electronics Division (RCA/AE)f o r the Air Force. Differences between the Block 5D andTIROS-N are constrained to those necessary to meet missionrequirements or found to be cost effective.The launch vehicle for the TIROS-N is the Atlas-F.When the series is operational, two satellites will be inorbit at one time with a backup satellite available forlaunch four months after each spacecraft is placed in orbit.TIROS-N nominal orbit parameters are:Orbit altitude 870 km (518 mi.)Sun-synchronous inciination: 98.9 degreesOrbit period: 102.37 minutes

International ParticipationInternational participants are the United Kingdom,Ministry of Defense Meteorological Office (British Met0ffice);the Republic of France, Centre National d'EtudesSpatiales (CNES) and the Canadian Department ofCommunications, Communications Research Center (CRC) inthe later phases of the series.

INSTRUMENTATIONHigh Resolution Radiometry

One of the NOAA objectives for the TIROS-N series isto provide timely day and night sea surface temperature,ice, snow, and cloud information to diverse c l a sses ofusers. The instrument used to obtain this data is theAdvanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) .

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- 10 -Requi rement s inc lude :0 Dir e c t r e a d o u t t o g r o u n d s t a t i o n s of t h e Automat icP i c t u r e T r an s m is s io n (APT) c l a s s , w or ld wid e, a t l o w

r e s o l u t i o n of 4 k i l o m e t e r s ( 2 . 4 m i l e s ) w i t h r e d u c t i o n ofp a n o r a m i c d i s t o r t i o n ;0 D i r e c t r e a d ou t t o gr ou nd s t a t i o n s of t h e H i g hR e s o l u t i o n P i c t u r e T r an s m is s io n ( HR PT ) class, worldwide.R e s o l u t i o n w i l l b e 1 km ( . 6 m i . ) ;0 G l o b a l Area Coverage (GAC) of on-board recordedd a t a a t r e l a t i v e l y l o w r e s o l u t i o n s of 4 k m ( 2 . 4 m i . )f o r c e n t r a l p r o ce s si ng ;0 L oca l A r e a Coverage (LAC) of on-boa rd s t o r ag e o fd a t a f r o m s e l e c t e d p o r t i o n s of e ac h o r b i t a t h ig hr e s o l u t i o n of 1 k m ( . 6 m i . ) f o r c e n t r a l p r o c es s in g .Sea s u r f a c e t e m p e r a t u r e s w i l l be d e r i v e d p r i m a r i l yfrom t h e window chan nel measurem ents . It i s NOAA'so b j e c t i v e t o p r ov id e s e a s u r f a c e t e m p e r a tu r e s t o anaccu racy of 1 . 5 degrees C, a b s o l u t e a n d 0 . 5 d e g r e e s C ,r e l a t i v e ( 2 . 7 d e g r e e s F and 0 . 9 d e g r e e s F ) on a1 0 km ( 6 . 2 m i . ) g r i d , a t l e a s t o n ce p e r d a y , b u th o p e f u l l y t w i c e , a nd t o a n a c c u r a c y of 1 degree C a b s o l u t eon a 1 0 0 km ( 6 2 m i . ) g r i d a t l e a s t o nc e p e r d ay . V i s i b l eand n e ar - IR s p e c t r a l c o v er a ge i s n e c e s s a r y t o m e e t N O Mr e q u i r e m e n t s for o b s e r v a t i o n of l a n d c o ve r ag e , d e l i n e a t i o n

of w a t e r , of snow and i c e , and of melt ing snow and i c e .Data C o l l e c t i o n S y s t e m (DCS)

A d a t a c o l l e c t i o n a nd p l a t f o r m l o c a t i o n s u bs ys te m i sr e q u i r e d t o m e e t NOAA g o a l s i n c l u d in g s u p p o r t t o GARP.T h i s subsys tem w i l l p r o v i d e f o r t h e r e c e i p t , p r o c es s i ng ,and s t o r a g e of d a t a ( te m p er a tu r e, p r e s s u re , a l t i t u d ee t c . ) f r o m f i x e d a nd moving p l a t f o r m s ( e . g . , f r e e - f l o a t i n gba l lo on s and buoys) and for t h e l o c a t io n of the movinqp l a t f o r m s f o r l a t e r t r a n s m i s s io n t o a c e n t r a l p r oc e ss in gf ac i i t y .

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- 11 -Platform location is for the purpose of determing thevelocity of the fluid medium in which the platform isimmersed (i.e., wind velocity in the case of balloons andocean current at a depth of the drogue in the case of buoys).The accuracy achieved is primarily a function of the positionlocation accuracy for each fix, the time interval betweenfixes and the representativeness or responsiveness of the"tracer" (e.g., balloon, drogue motion). The First GARPGlobal Experiment (FGGE) -- stated accuracy requirement forwind determination at mid and high latitudes is plus orminus 3 mi. per second preferably averaged over two to threehours. The TIROS-N system will provide measurements whichare commensurate with this end requirement, and will becapable of acquiring data from up to 2,000 platforms per day.DCS components are:0 Free-floating balloon platforms0 Free-floating buoy platform0 Fixed platforms located predominately ine The satellite data collection subsystem0 The ground station data retrieval subsystem0 Centralized data reduction and processing

polar regions

As an operational spacecraft TIROS-N satellite wouldreceive low-duty cycle transmissions, uncoordinated in timeor frequency, from the platforms in a random access mannerusing a one-way Rl? link.processed onboard the satellite in order to recover theplatform data message and, for the free-floating platforms,to measure the transmission received frequency so thatadditional ground processing can determine the locationsfrom the doppler induced frequency shift. The recovereddata message and frequency measurements (along with timecode) are stored onboard the satellite for ground stationdata retrieval at periodic intervals.

The received transmission is

Atmospheric SoundingThe sounder system data will be used to determine thevertical temperature profile of the atmosphere from theEarth's surface to near the top of the atmosphere (1mb) and

moisture vapor content profile from the surface to thetropopause. It is a goal to compute these profiles globallyto an accuracy of 1 degree C (temperature) and 2 0 per centmoisture vapor content (10 per cent desired) on a grid spacinsat the Earth's surface of 400 km ( 2 4 8 mi.) or less, even inthe presence of clouds. An ozone measurement is necessaryfor correcting the determinations of the profiles.

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- 12 -The NOAA r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r a t m o s p h e r i c s o u n d in g s a r ec o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e o b j e c t i v e s of t h e GARP. The soundingi n s t r u m e n t s u s ed t o o b t a i n t h e measurements f r o m which

t h e t e m pe r a tu r e a nd m o i s t u r e p r o f i l e s w i l l be computedw i l l c o n s i s t of a H i g h R e s o l u t i o n I n f r a r e d S ou nd er ( H I R S / 2 )which w i l l m ea su re i n c i d e n t r a d i a t i o n i n 20 s p e c t r a lr e g i o n s of t h e I R spec t rum, i nc lu d i ng longwave ( 15 - ) andshor twave ( 4 . 3 - ) r e g i o n s .Space Environment Monitor (SEM)

The SEM w i l l prov ide con t inuou s measurement o f p r o to na l p h a an d e l e c t r o n f l u x a c t i v i t y n e ar t h e E a r t h . T h i si n s t r u m e n t i s a n e x t e n s i o n of t h e p r e s e n t s o l a r p o r t i o nm o n i to r (SPM) now f l y i n g on ITOS s a t e l l i t e s . The newm o n i to r p ac k ag e a d d i t i o n a l l y p r o v i d e s f o r m ea su re me nt o fa l p h a an d e l e c t r o n f l u x , s pe ct ru m a nd t o t a l en er gyd i s p o s i t i o n i n t o t h e E a r t h ' s upper a tmosphere .

D a t a Transmiss ionThe s o u n d e r s y s te m d a t a a lo n g w i th r a d io m e t r y d a t a w i l lbe telemetered t h r o u g h t h e TIROS-N I n f o r m a t io n P r o c e s s o r( T I P ) t e l e m e t r y s y s t e m . Data w i l l be t r a n s m i t t e d a t f u l lr e s o lu t i o n i n t h e f o l l o w i n g modes:0 D i r e c t T I P t r a n s m i s s io n , w o r ld w id e ;D i r e c t T I P m u l t i p l e x e d w i t h HRPT, worldwide;0 T I P m u l t i p l e x e d w i t h G l o b al A r e a CoverageAVHRR d a t a , s t o r e d a nd pl ay ed -b ac k;TIP m u l t i p l e x e d w i t h Local A r e a Coverage,f u l l r e s o l u t i o n AVHRR d a t a , s t o r e d a n dplayed-back;

d u ri n g b l i n d o r b i t s .0 T I P o n l y d a t a , s t o r e d a n d p la ye d- ba ck

T r a c k in g a nd Data A c q u i s i t i o nT r ac k in g a nd o r b i t d e t e r m i na t i o n s u p p o r t w i l l be prov idby t h e USAF.o r b i t a l i n fo rm at io n t o NOAA t o s a t i s f y TIROS-N a c t i v a t i o na n d e v a l u a t i o n r e q u i r e m e n t s .performed t h r o u g h NOAA Command and D ata A c q u i si t i o n s t a t i o n

and d a t a l i n k s .

Goddard w i l l be r e s p o n s i b l e f o r pr o v id i n g t h eA l l d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n w i l l be

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- 13 -D a t a Management

Data c o l l e c t e d by NASA w i l l s u p p o r t t h e a c t i v a t i o n ande v a l u a t i o n o f t h e s a t e l l i t e , t r e n d d a t a and performancem o n i t o r i n g a nd a no maly i n v e s t i g a t i o n .O p e r a t i o n a l d a t a o b t a in e d b y NOAA i s s e n t t o t h eEnvironmenta l D a t a C e n t e r ' s N a t i o n a l C l i m a t i c C e n t e r a tA s h e v i l l e , N .C . , f o r i nd e xi ng a nd f i l i n g .

NOAA CDA S t a t i o n sThe primary Command and Data A c q u i s i t i o n (CDA) s t a t i o n sa re l o c a t e d a t F a i r b a n k s , A la sk a ,a n d W a ll op s S t a t i o n , V a .I n a d d i t i o n , t h e r e w i l l be a reduced c a p a b i l i t y (no commandc a p a b i l i t y ) s t a t i o n , l o c at e d a t Lannion , F rance , t o r e c e i v et a p e r e c o r d e d T I P d a t a f r o m t h e s a t e l l i t e .The CDA s t a t i o n s t r an sm i t command p rogram s t o t h es a t e l l i t e , a c q u i r e a nd r e c o r d e n v i r o n m e n ta l a n d e n g i n e e r i n gd a t a from t h e s a t e l l i t e . All d a t a w i l l be t r a n s m i t t e dbetween CDA a n d S u i t l a n d v i a commercial com m unica t ions l inks .Commands w i l l be t r a n s m i t t e d b et we en NOAA's S a t e l l i t eO p e r a t i o n s C o n t r o l C e n t e r ( S O C C ) , and CDA v i a commercialcom m unica t ions l inks .

Ground CommunicationsThe ground communication l i n k s f o r TIROS-N a re prov idedby RCA Satcom and Goddard 's NASA Communications (NASCOM)l i n k . NASCOM w i l l pro vide any launc h unique communicationsl i n k s f o r t h e T I ROS -N l aunch . RCA Satcom u n d e r c o n t r a c t t oN O M , w i l l p r o v i d e a l l voice and d a t a l i n k s b e t w e e n t h e SOCCand t h e CDA s t a t i o n s a f t e r launch. Satcom i s prov ided ando p e r a t e d b y N O M NESS.D u ri ng l a u n c h an d e a r l y o r b i t , G od dard w i l l p r o v i d es p e c i a l S p a c e c r a f t T ra c ki n g and Data N e t w o r k ( S TDN ) s u p p o r tf o r t e l e m e t r y r e c e p t i o n . A f t e r l a u n c h , t h e NOAA CDAs t a t i o n s w i l l h a n d l e a l l t e l e m e t r y r e c e p t i o n . T he re i s nor e q u i r e m e n t f o r STDN t o command t h e sp ac ec ra f t . The USAFwi 1 1 p r o v i de " s k i n - t r a c k " t r a c k i n g an d o r b i t d e t e r m i n a t i o ns u p p o r t d u r i n g t h e m i s s i o n.i n t e r f e r o m e t e r t r a c k i n g f o r t h e T IROS -N launch and checkout

o n l y , w i t h stations avai lable at that time.GSFC w i l l p r o v i d e VHF

SPACECRAFT DE SCR I P T I ONThe TIROS-N s a t e l l i t e i s an i n t e g r a t e d s p a c e c r a f ts ys te m d es ig n ed t o p r ov i de f o r , and c o n t r o l i n j e c t i o n i n t o ,t h e r e q u i r e d o r b i t a f t e r s e p a r a t i o n f r o m t h e A t las -F l aunchv e h i c l e .

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TlROS-N SpacecraftARRAY fOUlPMENT HIGH-ENERGYDR IVE SUPPORT PROTON AN DALPHA PARTICLE MEDIUM ENERGYELECTRONICS MODULE

H E S U R E M E N 1

ROCUETENGINEASSEMBLY 44)UHF DATACOLLECTIONSYSTEM ANTENNA

IHIGH-RESOLUTIONINFRAREDRAD1AT1ONSOUNDER

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- 14 -The s p a c e c r a f t , i n c l u d i n g t h e a p og ee k i c k motor (AKM),i n t h e l a u nc h c o n f i g u r a t io n i s 3 7 1 cm ( 1 4 8 i n . ) h i g h and1 88 c m ( 7 s i n . ) i n d i a m e t e r a nd w e ig hs n o m in a ll y L405 kg(3,095 lb.) O n - o r bi t , w i t h t h e AKM a n d r e a c t i o n - c o n t r o le qu ip m en t e x p e n d ab l e s consum ed, t h e s a t e l l i t e h a s a nomirial.we igh t of 7 2 3 kg (1,590 l b . ) . F i g ur e 1 i d e n t i f i e s t h e

m ajo r e x t e r n a l f e a t u r e s of t h e T IROS -N c o n f i g u r a t i o n ,The s p a c e c r a f t b u s c o n s i s t s of t h e fo l l owing subsys t ems :s t r u c t u r e - t h e r m a l , p ow er, a t t i t u d e d e t e r m i n a t io n an d c o n t r o land communica tions and d a ta ha ndl in g .

S t ruc tu re -The rma lThe s t r u c t u r e c o n s i s t s of a Block 5 D i n t e g r a te d s t r u c t u r em o di fi ed a s r e q u i r e d f o r t h e NOAA m i s s i o n . An i n t e g r a t e dB lo ck 5D s t r u c t u r e c o n s i s t s o f a s o l a r a r r a y , an i n j e c t i o nmoto r s t r b c t u r e , and an equ ipment sup por t module andins t ru men t moun ting p l a t f o rm . The s a t e l l i t e t h e r m a l c o n t r o l

i s ach i eved f o r a l l Sun an gl es be tween 0 d e g r ee s t o 6 8 d e g r e e si n t e r n a l maximum and minimum power d i s s ip a t i o n and f o re n d - o f - m i s s i o n - li f e c o n d i t i o n s . A c t i v e a nd p a s s i v e t h e r m a lc o n t r o l s i m i l a r t o t h a t used on Block 5D w i l l c o n f i n e t h et e m p e r a t u r e of t h e I n t e r n a l S at el l i te - Eq u ip m e nt I n t e r f a c e t oa rang e of 5 d e g r e e s C t o 30 d e g r e e s C ( 4 1 d e g r e e s F t o 85d e g r e e s F ) a nd t h e i n s t r u m e n t s t o a r ange o f 1 0 d e g r e e s Ct o 30 d e g r e e s C ( 50 d e g r e e s F t o 86 d e g r e e s F ) .Power Subsystem

The B l o c k 50 b a s i c power subsys tem w i l l b e u s e d w i t ht h e a d d i t i o n of a s e co n d 26 .5 a m pe re s p e r h o ur b a t t e r y ,and a p u l s e l o a d r e g u l a t o r . The s ub sy st em i s a d i r e c te ne rg y t r a n s f e r t y p e a nd w i l l p r o v i d e 4 2 0 w a t t s a v e r a g epower.A t t i t u d e D e t e rm i n a ti o n a nd C o n t r o l S u bs ys te m (ADACS)

The Block 5D ADACS c o n s i s t s of an i n e r t i a l m easu rem entu n i t , a Sun s e n s o r u n i t a n d E a r t h s e n s o r a s se m bl y, r e a c t i o nw h e el s, and t o r qu e c o i l s . A d d i t i o n a l f e a t u r e s i n c l u d e ath re e- ax is magn et ic moment compensat ion assembly , t o t r i mr i l t e: . te in 1 and i n t e r n a l d i st u r ba n c e s, and j e t wheelm l o a d in g c a p a b i l i t y a s a backup mode.

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- 1 5 -Communications an d Data Handl ing Subsystem ( CDH S )

by t h e TIROS-N m i s s i o n a new communications a nd d a t a h a n d l i n gsubsystem (CDHS) h a s been deve loped .Because of t h e u n iq ue i n s t r u m e n t d a t a f o r m a t s r e q u i r e d

Low d a t a r a t e s e n s o r d a t a w i l l b e f o r m a tt e d i n t o a s e r i a ld a t a stream a l o n g w i t h b i - l e v e l and d i g i t i E d a n alo g,housekeep ing by t h e TIP . The T I P w i l l o p e r a t e i n t w o modes.A 1 6 . 6 k i l o b i t s p e r s econ d (kbs ) f o r m a t w i l l b e b o t h r e c o r d e da n d t r a n s m i t t e d r e a l t i m e d u r i n g t h e l a u n c h p h a s e .

A 8 . 3 2 kbs mode will be u se d f o r n orm al o r b i t o p e r a t i o n s .T a p e r e c o r d in g of a l l o r b i t a l T I P d a t a i n c lu d in g b l i n d o r b i t sw i l l b e p r o v id e d as w e l l a s a r e a l t i m e VIIF t r a n s m i s s i o n l i n k .T a p e r e c o r d e r s w i l l b e c a p a b l e of r e c o r d i n g and p l a y i n gback f o ur o r b i t s of c o n t in u o u s g lo b a l c o v er a g e an d 1 0 m in u te sp e r o r b i t of l o c a l a r e a d a t a . The r e c o r d e r u n i t s w i l l bei d e n t i c a l t o p ro vi de f l e x i b i l i t y and red undancy a t minimum

c o s t .T hr ee S-band t r a n s m i t t e r a n te n na u n i t s a r e i n c o r p o r a t e d .

T h e c a p a b i l i t y t o o p e ra t e a l l t h r e e u n i t s s i mu l ta n eo u sl y i sp r o v id e d so t h a t b l i n d o r b i t d a t a can be dumped a t t h e s a m et i m e a s r e a l t i m e HRPTA d a t a a re t r a n s m i t t e d . I n a d di ti o lz ,VHF an te nna s o r command, t e l em et ry , and APT d a t a a r e p r o vi d ed .LAUNCH VEHICLE

TIROS-N w i l l be launched f rom th e Wes te rn T e s t Range(WTR) by an At las-E /F launch ve h i c l e . The second s ta g e w i l lbe a TE-364-15 s o l i d motor and w i l l be u se d a s an i n j e c t i o nm ot or . L en gt h o f t h e o v e r a l l l au n c h v e h i c l e , i n c l u d i n gf a i r i n g , i s 293 m ( 9 6 f t . ) and t h e maximum body diam eter i s3 m ( 1 0 f t . ) . NASA/Goddard w i l l have o v e r a l l systemr e s p o n s i b i l i t y for t h e l a u n ch v e h i c l e s ys te m . The s t a n d a r dA t l a s l a u n ch v e h i c l e , m i s s i o n p e c u l i a r h ar d wa r e, l a u n chs u p p o r t , a nd g a n t r y m o d i f i c a t i o n s w i l l be procured byGoddard f rom th e USA F . The TE-364-15 motor w a s p r o c u r e dthrough th e Goddard D e l t a P r o j e c t O f f i c e f o r t h e s ys tem si n t e g r a t i o n c o n t r a c t o r , RCA.

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I3(DI

SLC-3E MST PlsAl'FOHI1.ISI'ATIONS- FT9310 0 . 5

8 5 . 5 - 1AIRlNG 84-IN. D l kP A Y L O A D A D A P T E RFAIRING8 -7 0 . 5 - AFT ADAPTER

631ELEC'TEICAL1AB LEWAYELECTRICALEQIJIPMENT Poi)11Z EQUIPMENT P O DRSC Ah'TEXNA

TLM ANTENNA'1 GUIDANCE ANTENNA121 ROOSTER

TOWER STA1321-MS(IN.)12FT) =

ATLAS /F

203 -OTE:LAUNCH VEHICLE STATIONSHAVE BEEN ROUNDED O F F TONEAREST 1NCH. USE FO RREFERENCE ONLY

JOINT

LIFTOFF WEIGHT 268,000 LB

ENGINE

\BOOSTER ENGINE B I\ USTAINER ENGINE


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- 16 -F i r s t S t a g e

The f i r s t s t a g e w i l l b e a r e c o n d i t i o n e d A t l a s - E / Fs u p p l i e d by t h e A i r F o r c e . The b o o s t e r i s powered by ane n g i n e u s i n g l i q u i d ox yg en ( LOX) a nd l i q u i d h y d ro c ar b onp r o p e l l a n t s . The m ain e n g i n e i s g im bal m ounted t o p ro v id ep i t c h a nd yaw c o n t r o l f r o m l i f t o f f t o main e ng in e c u to f f(MECO). Two l i q u i d p r o p e l l a n t v e r n i e r e n g i ne s pr ov i der o l l c o n t r o l t hr ou gh ou t f i r s t - s t a g e o p e r a t io n and p i t c hand yaw c o n t r o l from MECO t o f i r s t - s t a g e s e p a r a t i o n .Second Stage

The second s t age is a TE-M-364-15 s o l i d ro ck et motorm anufac tu red by Th ioko l C orp . Th i s m otor i s p a r t of t h eBlock 5 D s p a c e c r a f t . It c o n t a i n s 66 4 kg (lJ64 1 4 ) ofp r o p e l l a n t wh ic h b u r n s t o d e p l e t i o n l e a v i n g t h e mo to rassembly c a se , weighing 47 .7 kg ( 1 0 5 l b . ) , n o r b i t w i t ht h e s a t e l l i t e . T hree a x i s s t a b i l i z a t i o n of t h e s a t e l l i t ed u r i n g b u r n i n g i s by n i t r o g e n a nd h y d ra z i ne t h r u s t e r s .A tt ac h F i t t i n g

by means of a 0 .97 -m (38 i n . ) d ia me te r c y l i n d r i c a l a t t a c hf i t t i n g , which i n t u r n i s s e c u r e d t o t h e a d a p t e r a s s e m b l ymounted t o t h e f i r s t s t a ge .

The TIROS-N s a t e l l i t e i s a t t a c h e d t o t h e l a un ch v e h i c l e

Guidance and ControlThe Atlas-E/F s a t e l l i t e a s c en t t r a j e c t o r y i s a d i r e c ta s c e nt , b a l l i s t i c t yp e t r a j e c t o r y f o r a 192 . 8 degree az im uth

from Pad SLC-3E. A t s a t e l l i t e s e p a r a t i o n , 349.5 s e c on d sa f t e r l i f t o f f , i t w i l l be a t a n ap og ee a l t i t u d e o f 89 6 km( 5 6 0 m i . ) . A t 6 2 6 . 9 sec. t h e a p o g e e k i c k m o t o r (ARM) isf i r e d t o c i r c u l a r i z e t h e o r b i t .The AKM b u r n s f o r 4 3.5 sec . and a t 675.4 sec. a f t e rl i f t o f f , t h e o r b i t i s t r immed, the s a t e l l i t e i s o r i e n t e dand handover t o s a t e l l i t e c o n t r o l i s accompl ished.

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-16A-

ATLAS- FDATELLITE ASCEM TRAJECTORY

FLIGHT SEQUENCE OF EVENTS(seconds)

LiftoffBooster Engine CutoffJettison Boaster EnginesJettison FairingSustainer Engine CutoffVernier Engine CutoffSpacecraft SeparationObtain ignition AttitudeTE-M-364-15 IgnitionAKM BurnoutAVeiocity TrimEnd AV Trim90 Deg YawStart Roll RateDeploy Solar ArmyFine PointHandove

0121 .o124.1144.0324.5343.5349.5456.9626.9670.4675.4698.2703.2758.2027.71467.71600.0

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- 1 7 -A s cent g u i d an ce and co n t r o l d u r i n g t h e b o o s t p h ase i saccompl ished by t h e A t l a s - F au t o p i l o t p r o g r am w h i ch i saugmented by a ground based r a d i o g ui d an ce s y s tem (G E R T S )t o acco u n t f o r any o f f- n om i na l b o o s t e r d yn am i cs . A f t e rb o o s t e r s h ut do w n, t h e s a t e l l i t e i s s e p a r a t e d a nd b e g i n sc l o s e d l oo p i n e r t i a l gu id an ce of t h e c o a s t p ha se and AKMc i r c u l a t i n g m aneuver. S a t e l l i t e g ui da nc e and c o n t r o l i saccom p l is h ed by an on bo a rd i n e r t i a l m eas ur in g u n i t ( I M U )and a guidan ce computer . The I M U p r o v i d e s v e h i c l ea c c e l e r a t i o n s and r o t a t i o n a l mo tio n i n p u t s t o t h e g u i d an cec om pu te r w hi ch t h e n n a v i g a t e s , p r e d i c t s e r r o r s andd e t e r m i n es c o r r e c t i v e g u id an ce ch ang es t o p ro du ce t h ed e s i r e d o r b i t c i r c u l a r i t y an d S un -s yn ch ro ni sm . Theex pend ed A t l a s co n t i n u es on i t s b a l l i s t i c t r a j e c t o r y andimpac t s app rox imate ly 7 , 7 7 0 k m (4,800 m i . ) down range i nt h e S ou th P a c i f i c .

F a i r i n aThe f a i r i n g , which p r o t e c t s t h e s a t e l l i t e froma er od yn am ic h e a t i n g d u r i ng t h e b o o s t f l i g h t , i s j e t t i s o n e da s s oo n a s t h e v e h i c l e l e a v e s t h e a tm os ph er e.

ProcurementProcurement of t h e A t l a s Launch Vehicle f rom theA i r Force i s co o r d i n a t ed w i t h S p ace and M i s s i l e s SystemO r g a n i z a t i o n (SAMSO) d i r e c t l y f rom Goddard . The l aunchv e h i c l e a c t i v i t i e s a r e t e ch n i ca l l y m o n i to r ed and revi ew edby Godda rd p r i o r t o an d d u r i n g l au n ch o p e r a t i o n s . The

launch i s t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y of t h e U.S. A i r Force Spaceand M iss i l e T e s t Center , Vandenberg AFB, C a l i f .T I ROS - N PROJECT COSTS

The funding of t h e TIROS-N P r o j ec t ( i n c l u d i n g s p ac ec r as en s o r s , an d g r o u n d s u p p o r t ) i s prov ided i n t h e f o l l o w i n gt a b l e . ( M i11 o n s o f D o l l a r s )

S p a c e c r a f t 2 6 .9 4 . 0 0 3 0 . 9Instruments 1 3 . 1 .1 0 13.2114s 1 . 0 .2 0 1 . 2

TOTALS (OSTA) 4 1 . 4 4 . 6 0 4 6 . 0At las Launch Veh ic le (OSTS) 4 . 6 4.3 0 8 . 9

Ground Operat ions . 4 .3 0 .7

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- 18 -MISSION MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY

NASA HeadquartersAssociate Administrator for Space &

Deputy Associate Administrator for Space

Director, Environmental Observations Division,

Manager, Operational Meteorological

Associate Administrator for Space

Director, Expendable Launch Vehicles

Terrestrial Applications

C Terrestrial Applications

Office of Space & Terrestrial Applications

Satellite Program

Transportation Systems

ProgramManager, Atlas-FGoddard Space Flight CenterDirectorDirector, Project Management DirectorateProject ManagerDeputy Project Manager, TechnicalDeputy Project Manager, ResourcesSpacecraft ManagerInstrument ManagerLaunch Vehicle ManagerMission Operations Manager

Dr. Anthony J. Calio

Samuel W. Keller

Dr. Lawrence R. Greenw

M. L. Garbacz

John F. Yardley

J. B. Mahon

J. A. Salmanson

Dr. Robert CooperRobert LindleyGil BranchflowerG. L. BurdettR. J. FlickW. M. PeacockC. E. ThienelJ. F. CorriganW. A. Hembree

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- 19 -CONTRACTORS

RCA A s t ro E l e c t r o n i c s D i v .P r i n c e t o n , N . J .ITT--Aerospace /Opt ica i D i v .F t . Wayne, Ind.

J e t P r o p u l s i o n L a b o r a t o r yPa s a de na , C a l i f .F o r d Aerospace Communica t ionsC or p . , Palo A l t o , Calif.General Dynamics Corp.San Diego, C a l i f .Thioko l C or p .H u n t s v i l l e , A l a .

S p a c e c r a f t

Advance Very High Resolut ionRadiometer, High R e s o lu t i o n I n f r a r e dRa dio me ter Sounder/2 (HIRS/2)Microwave Sounding Un it

Space Environment Monitor

At l a s -E /F Launch Vehic le

Apogee Kick Motor

-end-

Tiros-n Press Kit

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