Tire Pressure Monitoring System - Lierda · RF Receiver Antenna TPMS Module LF Antenna Receiver/...

TPMSTire Pressure Monitoring System

Introduction of TI TPMS Solutions

Agenda

• Background

– What is TPMS

– Direct & Indirect System

– Historical Background/ Regulation

• TI’s TPMS Module

– Pressure Sensing Technologies & Comparison

– Package with Ceramic Pressure Sensor Diaphragm

– System Level Block Diagram

– Device Configuration

– Key Features

• What’s Next

– Development Roadmap

– Future Technologies … More Integration/ Battery-less

• F/W Development Tools

• TI TPMS Business

RF

Receiver

Antenna

TPMS

Module

LF

Antenna

Receiver/ Diag.

Control UnitDisplay

What is a TPMS Module?

TPMS: Tire Pressure Monitoring System

Ceramic Pressure

Sensor Module

TPMS Module

Sensor & TransmitterTPMS Module

w/ Tire Valve

Combined with

ABS System

RF

Receiver

Antenna

TPMS

Module

LF

Antenna

Receiver/ Diag.

Control U

nit

Display

Direct & Indirect System

Direct System

• Accurate Pressure Measurement

• Quick Measurement

• Can Apply any Speed

• Relatively High Cost

• High Cost for Replace

• Battery Life Limitation

Indirect System

• Software adder on existing ABS System

• Lower Cost for Implementation & Tire Replacement

• Not able to Measure the absolute Pressure Value

• Works while running only

• No Life Limitation

• Used with Run-Flat Tire

TPMS Historical BackgroundStarted from Heavy Vehicles and high end Sports Cars

Issues on Ford/Firestone

Started to Set the Regulation

FMVSS138 in US

Start the Regulation in US

Expanding to universal rule ISO/FDIS 21750

Regulations in each

Region & Countries

Fuel Efficiency/

Green Consideration

Safety Consideration

Started to implement

on European cars

TREAD Act

TPMS Regulations & RequirementsFMVSS138FMVSS138FMVSS138FMVSS138 SAE J2657SAE J2657SAE J2657SAE J2657 ISO/FDIS 21750ISO/FDIS 21750ISO/FDIS 21750ISO/FDIS 21750

Warning <75% CIPfor any time

at significant under-inflated condition

Pressuer drop of100kPa

<90% CIPfor any time

Defined by SW

P Sense Range 0 to 1400 kPa 50 to 637.5 kPaP Sense Resolution 2 kPa 1.25 kPaP Sense Accuracy +/- 10 kPa (Note 1)

+/- 25 kPa (Note 4)+/- 10 kPa +/- 7 kPa (note 1)

+/- 10 kPa (note 2)+/- 20 kPa (note 3)

Response Time 20 min 10 min 10 min 1 min Defined by SWMinmum Operate Speed 50 km/h 24 km/h 25 km/h 20 km/h any speedAbsolute Maximum 1200 kPa/ 5 sec 1400 kPa 1200 kPa

Operation Temperature -40℃ to +85℃ -40℃ to +85℃ -40℃ to +125℃ -40℃ to +125℃Temp. Accuracy +/- 3℃ +/- 3℃ (note 4)

+/- 5℃ (note 5)

Battery Voltage Sensing Yes YesOperation Voltage Range 2.7 to 3.3 V

(1.8 to 3.6 V)1.5 to 3.5V

Battery Life 6 Yr 10 Yr (over 10 Yr)Module Life 6 Yr/ 100k km 10 Yr/ 150k km (over 10 Yr)

IEC/CISPR 22,24RF Center Frequency 315 / 434 MHz 315 / 434 MHzModulation Method FSK/ ASK FSK/ ASKRF Power -1 to 10dBm +5 dBm (typ)

-30 to +10 dBmPower Adjustable Steps 1dBm 0.1 dBmCurrent Consumption whileTransmitting Data

< 9mA (@+5dBm) 8.5mA (@+5dBm)

LF Diagnostics Yes YesCarrier Frequency 125 kHz 125 kHzAM Modulation 100% 100%Signal Input Sensitivity TBD 0.5 mVppData Rate up to 4k bps? 500 to 4000 bps

Typical OEMTypical OEMTypical OEMTypical OEMRequirementsRequirementsRequirementsRequirements

TI TPMS-CTI TPMS-CTI TPMS-CTI TPMS-C

Temperature RelatedTemperature RelatedTemperature RelatedTemperature Related

RegulationsRegulationsRegulationsRegulations

Pressure Sensing RelatedPressure Sensing RelatedPressure Sensing RelatedPressure Sensing Related

FeatureFeatureFeatureFeature

LF Diagnostics RelatedLF Diagnostics RelatedLF Diagnostics RelatedLF Diagnostics Related

Battery/ Power RelatedBattery/ Power RelatedBattery/ Power RelatedBattery/ Power Related

RF Data Transmission RelatedRF Data Transmission RelatedRF Data Transmission RelatedRF Data Transmission Related

Agenda

• Background

– What is TPMS








– Key Features

• What’s Next





TPMS Sensing Technology & Comparison

Sensor Technology

Piezo-Resistive Sensor Capacitive Sensor SAW Device

Silicon MEMS Ceramic

• Low Power

• Wide Dynamic Range

• Small Solution Size

• Strong to Chemicals

• Low Power

• Smaller Solution Size

• Easy to Calibrate

• Future One Chip

Integration

• Small Size

• Future One Chip

Integration

• Lower Cost?

Why Ceramic

• Comparison of Ceramic Diaphragm and MEMS

Resistive PResistive PResistive PResistive PSensorSensorSensorSensor

DiaphragmDiaphragmDiaphragmDiaphragm CeramicCeramicCeramicCeramic SiliconSiliconSiliconSilicon SiliconSiliconSiliconSiliconProcessProcessProcessProcess PackagePackagePackagePackage MEMSMEMSMEMSMEMS PiesoelectricPiesoelectricPiesoelectricPiesoelectric

Accuracy/ ResolutionAccuracy/ ResolutionAccuracy/ ResolutionAccuracy/ Resolution ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎Temp. CharacteristicsTemp. CharacteristicsTemp. CharacteristicsTemp. Characteristics ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎ △△△△S/NS/NS/NS/N ◎◎◎◎ △△△△ ◎◎◎◎Easy to CaribrateEasy to CaribrateEasy to CaribrateEasy to Caribrate ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎ △△△△Drift by TimeDrift by TimeDrift by TimeDrift by Time ◎◎◎◎ ○○○○ ○○○○Power DissipationPower DissipationPower DissipationPower Dissipation ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎ △△△△

WeightWeightWeightWeight ○○○○ ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎Module SizeModule SizeModule SizeModule Size ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎Diaphragm Mech. StrengthDiaphragm Mech. StrengthDiaphragm Mech. StrengthDiaphragm Mech. Strength ○○○○ ○○○○ ○○○○vs Mechanical Stressvs Mechanical Stressvs Mechanical Stressvs Mechanical Stress ◎◎◎◎ ○○○○ ○○○○SoldabilitySoldabilitySoldabilitySoldability ○○○○ ◎◎◎◎ ◎◎◎◎

Chemical StabilityChemical StabilityChemical StabilityChemical Stability ◎◎◎◎ △△△△ △△△△Mostuer SensitivityMostuer SensitivityMostuer SensitivityMostuer Sensitivity ◎◎◎◎ △△△△ △△△△Temp. SensitivityTemp. SensitivityTemp. SensitivityTemp. Sensitivity ◎◎◎◎ ○○○○ ○○○○EMIEMIEMIEMI ○○○○ ○○○○ ○○○○

CostCostCostCost ○○○○ ○○○○ ○○○○ProductivityProductivityProductivityProductivity ◎◎◎◎ ○○○○ ○○○○Future IntegrationFuture IntegrationFuture IntegrationFuture Integration ×××× ○○○○ ○○○○

Cost/Cost/Cost/Cost/ProductivityProductivityProductivityProductivity

Capacitive P SensorCapacitive P SensorCapacitive P SensorCapacitive P Sensor

FunctionalFunctionalFunctionalFunctionalViewViewViewView

MechanicalMechanicalMechanicalMechanicalViewViewViewView

EnvironmentalEnvironmentalEnvironmentalEnvironmentalViewViewViewView

• Relatively Low Cost

• Simple Structure

• Strong to Chemical Stress

• Not influence to power dissipation

• Supply Capability

• Utilize existing facilities

Package with Ceramic Sensor DiaphragmCeramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic PackagePackagePackagePackage OutlookOutlookOutlookOutlook

Top view

Ceramic

package

Ceramic pressure

sensor (diaphragm)

IC

Acceleration sensor Acceleration sensor Acceleration sensor Acceleration sensor (MEMS chip)(MEMS chip)(MEMS chip)(MEMS chip)□□□□7mm7mm7mm7mm

Bottom view

Cut view

System Level Block Diagram

• Proposed System Solution Diagram with TI’s Products

RF

Receiver

Antenna

TPMS

Module

LF AntennaReceiver/ Diag.

Control Unit

Display

TPICxxxx

CC1110

VDDVDDVDDVDD

VREGVREGVREGVREG

CKCKCKCK

GNDGNDGNDGND

XTALXTALXTALXTAL

RFOUTRFOUTRFOUTRFOUT

１１１１１１１１6666 15151515 14141414

13131313

2222

3333

4444

55556666 7777 8888

9999

10101010

12121212

11111111

VOUTVOUTVOUTVOUT GNDGNDGNDGND

GNDGNDGNDGND

LFINLFINLFINLFIN

LFINBLFINBLFINBLFINB

OTPWR_TESTOTPWR_TESTOTPWR_TESTOTPWR_TEST

DIDIDIDITVOTVOTVOTVO

DODODODO

LDLDLDLD

LiLiLiLi----BatteryBatteryBatteryBattery

RF

AN

TR

F A

NT

RF

AN

TR

F A

NT

VaractorDiode

TPMS Module Block Diagram

• Enables to Build up Module with

Minimum external Components

Device Configuration

MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051Code Memory : 16KB

RAM: 128ByteExt RAM: 128ByteEEPROM: 7bit x 32

GNDGNDGNDGND

3333

XTALXTALXTALXTALClock ControlClock ControlClock ControlClock Control

LFLFLFLF----OSC & TimerOSC & TimerOSC & TimerOSC & Timer

Test IFTest IFTest IFTest IF5555Test I/FTest I/FTest I/FTest I/F

LF ReceiverLF ReceiverLF ReceiverLF Receiver

LFINLFINLFINLFIN


AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

RF Tx RF Tx RF Tx RF Tx ContorlContorlContorlContorl

TVOTVOTVOTVO


VOUTVOUTVOUTVOUT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

G Sensor G Sensor G Sensor G Sensor AFEAFEAFEAFE

Pressure SensorPressure SensorPressure SensorPressure Sensor

GGGGSensorSensorSensorSensor

Temp. Sensor Temp. Sensor Temp. Sensor Temp. Sensor & AFE& AFE& AFE& AFE

Voltage SensorVoltage SensorVoltage SensorVoltage Sensor&AFE&AFE&AFE&AFE

Pressure Sensor AFEPressure Sensor AFEPressure Sensor AFEPressure Sensor AFE

VDDVDDVDDVDD

VREGVREGVREGVREGSystem Power Control & System Power Control & System Power Control & System Power Control & RegRegRegReg

Key Features – Sensors and AFE

• Pressure Measurement

– Range : 50 kPa ~ 637.5 kPa

0 ~ 1100 kPa (Absolute Max)

– Accuracy : +/- 7 kPa (@ -30℃ ~ 100℃)

+/- 10 kPa (@ -40℃ ~ 120℃)

– Resolution: 1.25 kPa

• Temperature Measurement

– Resolution: 1℃

– Accuracy： +/- 5℃ (All Range)

+/- 3℃ (-20℃ ~ 70℃)

• Battery Voltage Measurement

– Accuracy： 0.1V

• In Package Accelerometer (Optional)

– Full scale range: -15g ~ 20g

– Static acceleration robustness > 2 000g

VDDVDDVDDVDD

MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051

Code Memory : 16KBRAM: 128ByteExt RAM: 128ByteEEPROM: 7bit x 32

VREGVREGVREGVREG

Test IFTest IFTest IFTest IF

GNDGNDGNDGND

XTALXTALXTALXTAL

5555

3333

System Power System Power System Power System Power Control & Control & Control & Control & RegRegRegReg

LF LF LF LF ReceiverReceiverReceiverReceiver

RF Tx RF Tx RF Tx RF Tx ControlControlControlControl

Clock ControlClock ControlClock ControlClock Control

LFLFLFLF----OSC & OSC & OSC & OSC & TimerTimerTimerTimer

Test I/FTest I/FTest I/FTest I/F

LFINLFINLFINLFIN


TVOTVOTVOTVO


VOUTVOUTVOUTVOUT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure SensorSensorSensorSensor


Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Sensor AFESensor AFESensor AFESensor AFE



Voltage Voltage Voltage Voltage SensorSensorSensorSensor&AFE&AFE&AFE&AFE

Key Features – Embedded Microcontroller

• Embedded 8051 Compatible

Micro Controller

– 16K-Bytes ROM

– 256-Bytes RAM

– OTP Version for System

Debugging

– EEPROM for Sensor Calibration

and Data storage

• 7bit x 32 word

• MSB 3bits for ECC & LSB 4bits for

Data

– 10MHz internal Clock

VDDVDDVDDVDD

MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051


VREGVREGVREGVREG


GNDGNDGNDGND

XTALXTALXTALXTAL

5555


3333












LFINLFINLFINLFIN


TVOTVOTVOTVO


VOUTVOUTVOUTVOUT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

Key Features – Integrated RF Tx, LF Rx

• Integrated RF Transmitter

– Carrier Ferquency: 315MHz/ 434MHz

– Keying Method : ASK/ FSK

– RF Power : +5 dBm (typ)

– Adjustable Range : -30 dBm to +10dBm

– Adjustable Step : 0.1 dBm

– RF Spurious : -25dBc

– RF Power Auto Gain Control, Frequency Auto Tuning

• Main X-tal Oscillator: 19.70789 MHz

• Integrated LF Receiver

– Carrier Frequency : 125 kHz

– Keying : ASK

– Data rate : 500 to 4000 bps

– Detection Time : < 300uS

VDDVDDVDDVDD

MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051


VREGVREGVREGVREG


GNDGNDGNDGND

XTALXTALXTALXTAL

5555


3333











LFINLFINLFINLFIN


TVOTVOTVOTVO


VOUTVOUTVOUTVOUT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT


Key Features – Low Power

• Integrated Voltage Regulator

• Back up Oscillator for Low Power

Operation in Sleep condition

• Ultra Low Power Consumption

– 0.2uA (ｔｙｐ) in Stand-by (LF Oscillator operating)

– 1.2mA(typ) in Measurement Mode

– 8.5mA(Max) in Transmitting

(+5dBm)

• Wide Operation Voltage Range:

– 1.5V to 3.5V

• Enables to over 10-year system

operation with small Li-Battery

VDDVDDVDDVDD

MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051


VREGVREGVREGVREG


GNDGNDGNDGND

XTALXTALXTALXTAL

5555

3333









LFINLFINLFINLFIN


TVOTVOTVOTVO


VOUTVOUTVOUTVOUT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT





Agenda

• Background

– What is TPMS








– Key Features

• What’s Next





Development Roadmap

Function,

Differentiators ＡＬＬＡＬＬＡＬＬＡＬＬＩＮＩＮＩＮＩＮＯＮＥＯＮＥＯＮＥＯＮＥ

TPMS Sensor IC Roadmap

ＢＢＢＢ１１１１ＴＴＴＴ

ＢＢＢＢ２２２２

ＣＣＣＣ

2-Axis G-Sensor、、、、

Low Power Dissipation

Position Recognition use LF

8051 MCU w/ OPT

Now

Lower Cost

Ext. G-Sensors

Battery-Less

2-Axis G-Sensor

Flash & FeRAM

Ceramic P-Sensor

MEMS G-Sensor

ＣＣＣＣ’’’’

ＤＤＤＤ

Ceramic Sensor

Ceramic Sensor

ＥＥＥＥ

Confidential

FutureProduction

CurrentCurrentCurrentCurrent

11.6mm x 11.6mm11.6mm x 11.6mm11.6mm x 11.6mm11.6mm x 11.6mm

Next GenerationNext GenerationNext GenerationNext Generation

7mm x 7mm7mm x 7mm7mm x 7mm7mm x 7mm

Future Technology – Battery less

– LF/RF Power Transfer Technology

• Extension of existing RFID Technology

• Cost up for Total System … TPMS Module = Less Cost/ Chassis more Cost

– Piezoelectric Generator

• Existing Concept

• Cost up and may be larger size for TPMS Module

• Reliable for more than 20-years?

– Electro Magnetic Generator

• More Cost for the implementation

• Difficulties to Mount for magnetic coupling

• Reliability issue on Magnet?

– Software approach using ABS Sensors

• Accuracy may not good enough compare to Direct System

• No additional cost

• Program change when changed the Tire?

• Cost : The biggest Barrier for Battery Less System Implementation

Agenda

• Background

– What is TPMS








– Key Features

• What’s Next





FW Development Support Tools

• Provide the High Cost Performance Solution :– Mask ROM for smallest Chip size and more reliability

– OTP version for FW Development

• Keil u-Vision based Debug & Emulation Tools – Communication I/F and Evaluation Board for FW and detailed timing analysis

• Sample Code Module

FW Development System

Measurement EquipmentsMeasurement EquipmentsMeasurement EquipmentsMeasurement Equipments(Power Supply/ Multi-Meter/

Spectrum Analyzer/ Data Analyzer etc.)

USBUSBUSBUSB

(UART)(UART)(UART)(UART)

Support SW+

KeilμVisionDebugger/ Emulator

F/W Sample Modules

IF BOARDIF BOARDIF BOARDIF BOARD

Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation Socket BoardSocket BoardSocket BoardSocket Board

(UART)(UART)(UART)(UART)TPMS TPMS TPMS TPMS ModuleModuleModuleModule

Agenda

• Background

– What is TPMS








– Key Features

• What’s Next





TI TPMS Business

0000

5555

10101010

15151515

20202020

25252525

Yr03Yr03Yr03Yr03 Yr04Yr04Yr04Yr04 Yr05Yr05Yr05Yr05 Yr06Yr06Yr06Yr06 Yr07Yr07Yr07Yr07 Yr08Yr08Yr08Yr08 Yr09Yr09Yr09Yr09 Yr10Yr10Yr10Yr10 Yr11Yr11Yr11Yr11

CCCC

BBBB(OEM2,3)(OEM2,3)(OEM2,3)(OEM2,3)

B (OEM1)B (OEM1)B (OEM1)B (OEM1)

A (OEM1)A (OEM1)A (OEM1)A (OEM1)

Replace with C-type

(for OEM1,2,3 and Plus)M-Units

Thank You Very Much!

Back Up

Pressure Sensing & Data Transmitting Module

16-pin Ceramic with Pressure Sensor6.98mm x 6.98mm

� Easy to build up a Pressure Monitoring System with

minimum external passive components

� Integrated EEPROM enables to Calibrate the system to

achieve the Required Accuracy for Monitoring

� Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)

� Remote Pressure Monitoring System� All integrated for TPMS Sensor Module

� Ceramic Pressure Sensor integrated on Package• High Accuracy, Resolution and wide Measurement Range

• Range : 50 kPa ~ 637.5 kPa (0 ~ 1100 kPa (Absolute Max))

• Accuracy : +/- 7 kPa (@ -30℃℃℃℃ ~ 100℃℃℃℃)• Resolution: 1.25 kPa

• Strong to Chemical Environment

� Embedded 8051 Micro Controller• 16K-Bytes ROM

• 256-Bytes RAM

• OTP Version for System Debugging

• EEPROM for Sensor Calibration and Data storage

� Integrated RF Transmitter• Applicable FSK/ASK Modulated Transmission

• Programmable 315MHz and 434MHz RF Transmission

• RF Power Auto Gain Control, Frequency Auto Tuning

� Integrated LF Trigger Signal Detector

� Integrated Temperature and Battery Voltage Sensor

� In package 2-axis Accelerometer

� Ultra Low Power Consumption• 0.2uA (ｔｙｐｔｙｐｔｙｐｔｙｐ) in Stand-by (LF Oscillator operating)• 1.2mA(typ) in Measurement Mode

• 8.5mA(Max) in Transmitting (+5dBm)

VDDVDDVDDVDD

MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051MCU 8051Code Memory :

16KBRAM: 128Byte

Ext RAM: 128ByteEEPROM: 7bit x 32

VREVREVREVREGGGG


GNDGNDGNDGND

XTAXTAXTAXTALLLL

5555


3333




Voltage SensorVoltage SensorVoltage SensorVoltage Sensor&AFE&AFE&AFE&AFE


LF ReceiverLF ReceiverLF ReceiverLF Receiver

RF Tx RF Tx RF Tx RF Tx ContorlContorlContorlContorl


LFLFLFLF----OSC & TimerOSC & TimerOSC & TimerOSC & Timer



LFILFILFILFINNNNLFINBLFINBLFINBLFINB

TVOTVOTVOTVO


VOUVOUVOUVOUTTTT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

AN

TA

NT

1TBD

Tire Pressure Monitoring System - Lierda · RF Receiver Antenna TPMS Module LF Antenna Receiver/...

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Transcript of Tire Pressure Monitoring System - Lierda · RF Receiver Antenna TPMS Module LF Antenna Receiver/...