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QOFYCI 45& NYCHIX 5& UI\RICHIX& 4:00R@I DCIXJEDN RJNNJRYU DUUOEJDRJON

RJNNJRYU JN DNJCDFU$Kdcis A. Hrinndn& \`B. Ynjvirsjty oa Cdssde`usitts dtHoston& \dwif K. Kdstrihoaa& \`B.& Zdfi Ynjvirsjty Ue`oof oaCibjejni& Efdrinei R. Udsdgj& CB.& Zdfi Ynjvirsjty Ue`oof oaCibjejni.R`i proposjtjon oa tjnnjtus jn dnjcdfs cdy siic dt ajrst

mfdnei to hi not onfy d hjt ieeintrje& hut dfso d rifdtjvify cjnoreoneirn. Datir dff& wjt` t`i ixtint oa `ucdn suaairjnm aroc t`jsprohfic dnb fjttfi ja dny iaaietjvi euri& t`i cotjvdtjon to stubytjnnjtus jn dnjcdfs cdy dppidr cjsmujbib dt hist. Jn ot`irworbs& t`i jssui oa w`it`ir or not dnjcdfs `dvi tjnnjtus cdyoeeupy t`i spieufdtjons oa soci vitirjndrjdns& hut aor cost oaus w`o sirjousfy eoccjt tjci dnb inirmy to ajnbjnm wdys oadffivjdtjnm tjnnjtus& wi cdy hi jnefjnib to risponb wjt` drisounbjnm (w`o edris( w`in dsgib to eonsjbir tjnnjtus jndnjcdfs.Rjnnjtus `ds hiin trdbjtjondffy biacib ds dn dubjtory bys#aunetjon spiejaje to `ucdn hijnms aor d viry moob dnb hdsje

ridson. R`js prohfic jn jts cori eoccon& suhkietjvi cdnjais#tdtjon js biserjhib ds jntirndf sounb riportyib hy dn jnbjvjbudf.Ivin ja dn dnjcdf bjb ixpirjinei tjnnjtus& `ow eoufb jt tiff us?Coriovir& t`i nudneis oa tjnnjtus riportib wjbify dconm`ucdns& sue` ds sifietjvi e`dnmis jn `idrjnm t`ris`ofb& jn#eridsib jntinsjty unbir strissauf eonbjtjon& dnb sinsjtjvjty toe`dnmis ovir tjci& woufb hi bjaajeuft to cidsuri jn dnjcdfs aorw`oc t`isi adetors unbir eonbjtjons oa norcdf `idrjnm driohseuri.

]i hiedci adsejndtib hy t`i quistjonoa tjnnjtus jn dnjcdfsaor sivirdf ridsons. Ajrst& datir rivjiwjnm t`i efjnjedf fjtirdturion tjnnjtus& jt hiedci efidr t`dt t`i ixdet cie`dnjscs dri un#gnown dnb ednnot hi bitircjnib wjt`out rjmorous ixpirjcin#tdf cdnjpufdtjon oap`ysjofomjedf strueturis dnb niuroe`icjedfadetors rifdtib to `idrjnm. Uieonb& onei t`i cie`dnjscsrisponsjhfi aor tjnnjtus dri bitircjnib& d t`irdpiutje strdtimydjcib dt dffivjdtjnm tjnnjtus edn onfy ivofvi datir edriauf ix#pirjcintdf stubjis oa vdrjous potintjdffy iaaietjvi euris& w`je`

(Eontjnuib on \dmi 8*\DMI 4

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RJNNJRYU JN DNJCDFU& eont.cdy jnvofvi surmiry& brum jntirvintjon dnb pir`dps eontroffjnminvjroncintdf jnafuineis.R`isi ridsons cdbi t`i notjon oa ixpforjnm tjnnjtus jndnjcdfs eocpiffjnm. On d sjcpfi it`jedf fivif& t`i gjnb oa ixpirjcintdf eontrof nieissdry to stuby t`i cie`dnjsc oa tjnnjtus dnb bivifop possjhfi t`irdpjis priefubis t`i usi oa`ucdn suhkiets. ]`jfi `ucdn pdtjints provjbi d rje soureioa jnaorcdtjon dhout tjnnjtus& t`iri dri efidr hounbdrjis dnbeonstrdjnts t`dt cust ohvjousfy hi ohsirvib jn t`i usi oa `ucdnsuhkiets aor ixpirjcintdf purposis. Jn dbbjtjon& t`i usi oadnjcdfs oaairs t`i opportunjty to ixdcjni d eocpfix `ucdnprohfic wjt`jn d sjcpfir ormdnjsc. Aor ixdcpfi& wjt`fdhordtory dnjcdfs& wi edn bitircjni minitje jn`irjtdnei& invjroncintdf hdegmrounb aroc hjrt`& nutrjtjondf `jstory& dnb hi`dvjordf ripirtojri jn wdys t`dt dri kust jcpossjhfi wjt``ucdns.Deeorbjnmfy& our modf wds to ajnb dn dnjcdf cobif oa tjnnjtus. ]i hifjivib t`dt sue` d cobif js dttrdetjvi hiedusi oat`i potintjdf efjnjedf dppfjedtjons t`dt eoufb hi drtjeufdtibwjt`jn d ardciworg usjnm dnjcdfs biconstrdtjnm tjnnjtus. Dsieonbdry dppidf to t`js iaaort jnvofvib our dhjfjty to usi dndnjcdf cobif to dbbriss soci hdsje sejinei quistjons. Jn pdrtjeufdr& ja d p`inocinon sjcjfdr to suhkietjvi tjnnjtus eoufb hibiconstrdtib jn dnjcdfs& sue` risufts woufb provjbi d bjrietd s s i ~ s c i n t o a suhkietjvi ixpirjinei jn jnard#`ucdn spiejis. Roour gnowfibmi& t`i cidsuricint oa (p`dntoc( sinsory ixpirjineis oa `dffuejndtory detjvjtjis `ds ifubib hi`dvjordfpsye`ofomjsts.Our dpprode` horrowib aroc hot` t`i ucdn efjnjedf fjtirdturi ds wiff ds trdbjtjondf h i`dvjordf cidsuris oa ixpirjcintdf psye`ofomy. ]i notib t`dt dcpfi ivjbinei supports t`i usioa sdfjbyfdti to ivogi tjnnjtus jn `ucdns& dnb wi eoffietibifietrop`ysjofomjedf bdtd s`owjnm eocpdrdhfi pdttirns oa detjvjty aoffowjnm sdfjeyfdti jnkietjon jn rdts ds oeeurs burjnmbjriet dubjtory stjcufdtjon. ]i dfso stubjib t`i ixtint oasdfjeyfdti uptdgi jn t`i hfoob siruc& pirjfycp` dnb spjndfafujb& so t`dt wi eoufb bitircjni t`i jbidf hi`dvjordf siquineis t`dt eoufb oeeur w`in sdfjeyfdti fivifs dri eocpdrdhfi tot`osi ohsirvib jn ucdns ixpirjinejnm sdfjeyfdti jnbueib tjnnjtus.]i sifietib t`i pjmcintib fdhordtory rdt ds t`i ixpirjcintdf suhkiet hiedusi t`js spiejis ds d rje`fy boeucintib jstoryoa hi`dvjordf usi& dnb wi eoufb eontrof dff oa t`i nieissdryminitje& invjroncintdf& nutrjtjondf dnb h i`dvjordf adetorscintjonib idrfjir. ]i sifietib d hi`dvjordf riqujricint jnvofvjnm brjngjnm& cidsurib hy t`i nuchir oa fjegjnm risponsis dt d brjngjnm tuhi. R`i rdtjondfi oa our hi`dvjordf dpprode`js sjcpfi. Cjfbfy t`jrsty rdts wiri ixposib eontjnuousfy tohdegmrounb nojsi dnb t`in trdjnib to brjngjnm aroc d tuhi aor29 cjnutis pir bdy jn t`i prisinei oa t`i sdci hdegmrounbnojsi. Datir stdhfi brjngjnm fivifs wiri ohtdjnib& t`i rdtsrieijvib d sissjon jn w`je` t`i sounb turnib oaa aor d 5< sieonbpirjob dt t`i inb oa w`je` d fow fivif pufsi s ~ o n b * s ` o ~ g wds bifjvirib to t`i mrjb afoor oa t`i edmi. Rypjedffy& t`js hniatrdjnjnm wds suaajejint to suppriss t`i brjngjnm w`inivir t`ihdegmrounb nojsi wint oaa& dnb t`js supprissjon eontjnuib dtnotjeidhfi fivifs aor 9 sissjons datir trdjnjnm& ivin t`oum` t`is`oeg wds nivir dmdjn dbcjnjstirib. Uoci oa t`i rdts wiri jnkietib wjt` sdfjeyfdti ~ i a o r i ~ d j n j n m d n ~ s?ci ~ t i r ~ j n j ? m . ]i ridsonib t`dt ja sdfjeyfdti cbueib d tcctus#fjgi suhkietjvidubjtory sinsdtjon& jts prisinei woufb jnafuinei t`i rd ts- bitietjon oa t`i oaasitoa t`i hdegmrounb nojsi& dnb t`iy woufb giipbrjngjnm.

R`i risufts wiri jntrjmujnm. Ajrst& t`i suhkiets jnkietib datirtrdjnjnm s`owib fjttfi risjbudf supprissjon dnb adstir riturn tohdsifjni brjngjnm fivifs& summistjnm t`dt t`i nojsi oaasitpirjobs wiri not bitietib jn t`i sdci wdy ds eontrof rdts wjt`no sdfjeyfdti. Uieonb& suhkiets jnkietib hiaori trdjnjnm s`owibsiviri dnb pirsjstint supprissjon oa fjegjnm& w`je` wi hifjiviriafiets t`i dssoejdtjon oa t`i dvirsjvi s`oeg pufsis wjt` t`ionsit oa tjnnjtus. Our bdtd dri qujti eocpdtjhfi wjt` t`ip`ysjofomjedf ivjbinei oa sdfjeyfdti uptdgi ds wiff ds hi`dvjordf prieibints aroc t`i psye`ofomjedf fjtirdturi.]i dvi now usib ovir 5

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@IF\JNM ZOY RO CDGI JNAOXCIBE@OJEIU AOX RJNNJRYU RXIDRCINRDt worst& t`i utjfjzdtjon oa jndpproprjdti tjnnjtus ricibjisedn edcouafdmi sirjous dubjtory prohfics ispiejdffy ja propirbjdmnosjs dnb tridtcint dri nimfietib. Ivin ja sue` js not t`iedsi& jndpproprjdti tridtcint edn hi bjseourdmjnm dnb wdstiauf oa pirsondf risoureis hot` jn tircs oa inirmy dnb jn detudfboffdrs.Dn istjcdtib 48 cjffjon Dcirjedn dbufts suaair aroc tjn#njtus to t`i ixtint t`dt t`iy cust siig cibjedf `ifp. Uoci oa

t`isi piopfi dnb ot`ir tjnnjtus suaairirs w`o siig rifjiat`roum` non#cibjedf jntirvintjons& `dvi trjib oni or cori un#provin ricibjis& cdny ivin w`jfi unbir t`i edri oa dp`ysjejdn.Rjnnjtus js oatin d e`ronje eonbjtjon t`dt cdy edusi foss oaeoneintrdtjon& sfiip prohfics& dnb psye`ofomjedf bjstriss. Jtedn dfso cdgi d bitirjordtjnm `idrjnm eonbjtjon or hdfdnei bjsorbir siic worsi. Rjnnjtus cost oatin js dssoejdtib wjt`dubjtory prohfics hut jt edn dfso hi dssoejdtib wjt` ot`ir bjsorbirs sue` ds ticporocdnbjhufdr kojnt bysaunetjon& cuftjpfisefirosjs& vdseufdr prohfics dnb ot`irs. \iopfi w`o dri suaairjnm aroc d fjaifonm tjnnjtus dnb w`o `dvi not hiin dhfi to hi`ifpib hy eonvintjondf cit`obs dri socitjcis brjvin to siigdny aorc oa tridtcint t`dt `ofbs out opi aor rifjia.Jn dbbjtjon& t`i sycptoc oa tjnnjtus socitjcis afuetudtis&drjb unprovin ricibjis cdy dppidr to worg sjcpfy hiedusit`iy dri trjib dt t`i himjnnjnm oa d ndturdf ricjssjon.Burjnm dn dvirdmi yidr tjnnjtus pdtjints spinb cori coniysiigjnm ifp dnb tridtcint aor t`ijr tjnnjtus t`dn t`iy bo aor dfft`ijr ot`ir `idft` eonbjtjons. R`i Dcirjedn Rjnnjtus Dssoejdtjon istjcdtis t`dt tjnnjtus pdtjints cdy spinb dnnudffy dscue` ds 8

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NI]U AXOC OQIXUIDU## ]@DR-U@D\\INJNM JN MXIDR HXJRDJN?D rieint fittir hroum`t niws oa t`i sprjnm ciitjnm oa t`iHrjtjs` Rjnnjtus Dssoejdtjon dnb oa Xosji @dyis rieijvjnm t`isjfvir cibdffjon ds d Ujr ]jnston E`ure`jff aiffows`jp wjnnir... @dyis `ds hiin dn detjvi aorei jn BJN& t`i Nottjnm`dcRcctus Uifa#@ifp Mroup& sjnei jts jneiptjon dnb `ds eontjnuib`ir proaissjondf dubjofomjedf prdetjei w`jfi stjff ajnbjnm tjci

to rdjsi t`rii ajni e`jfbrin. Crs. @dyis aiffows`jp provjbibt`i opportunjty aor `ir to trdvif to t`i Y.U. dnb ciit wjt` hot`risidre`irs dnb fdy mroups. Eonmrdtufdtjons& Xosji$ ]i-riproub oa you.

Dnot`ir viry detjvi cichir oa `i Hrjtjs` Rjnnjtus Dssoejd#tjon& Cr. Kdeg U`dpjro& w`o wds& jn adet& d aounbjnm cichiroa HRD dnb eurrintfy sirvis ds @onordry Rridsurir oa t`iXoydf Ndtjondf Jnstjtuti aor t`i Bida dnb \risjbint oa t`iNort`wist Fonbon Rjnnjtus Mroup `ds suhcjttib t`js `jstorj#edf deeount oa t`i Hrjtjs` Rjnnjtus Dssoejdtjon aor t`i ibjajed#tjon oaDRD cichirs.

HXJRJU@ RJNNJRYU DUUOEJDRJONJn ~ r j t d j n jt dff stdrtib jn 4:1:. Dft`oum` t`i Xoydf Ndtjondf Jnstjtuti aor t`i Bida XNJB* ds dfwdys bidft wjt` inqujrjisa$oc p ~ p f i w`.o `db tjnnjtus t`iri wds t`in onfy dn jnaorcd

tjOn sirvjei dvdffdhfi. Ofb eopjis oa t`i XNJB kourndf @IDXfNM jnbjedti t`dt inqujrjis wiri hieocjnm cori nucirousuntjf4:=:. Jn t`dt yidr t`i Xjm`t @onordhfi Kdeg Ds`fiy E@.&C.\. bivotib d RQ promrdcci to tjnnjtus& dsgjnm cdjnfy w`dtt`i Idr& Nosi ! R`rodt Eonsuftdnts wiri bojnm dhout jt. R`iaoffowjnm wiig t`i XNJB rieijvib ovir 5

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NI]U AXOC OQIXUIDU& eont.prisjbint oa t`i Nottjnm`dc Rjnnjtus Mroup. Cr. Kondt`dn@dziff js dfso oni oa t`i twifvi. D Ndtjondf Eounejf oa Rjnnjtus Mroups js proposib& efosify fjngib wjt` t`i rimjondf dnbndtjondf ormdnjsdtjon oa t`i XNJB unbir t`i duspjeis oa t`iRjnnjtus Dbvjsory Uirvjei run hy Bdvjb ]jmmjns w`o toogovir datir \dcifd Ginniby risjmnib. R`i Ndtjondf Eounejfproposi d Ndtjondf Ixieutjvi dnb t`i aorcdtjon oa d RjnnjtusXisidre` Rrust Aunb to aostir cori dnb wjbir risidre`. Jn dffoa t`js dnb eintrdf to dff detjvjty js t`i Rjnnjtus Xisidre` Ynjtrun hy Cr. Kondt`dn @dziff dnb Cs. Fid` Cirton& Cr. @uwEoopir& dnb wjt` t`i dbcjrdhfi sieritdrjdf ifp oa Cs. \dt Mdrritt. R`js unjt js t`i risponsjhjfjty oa t`i XNJB w`o eontjnuito mjvi support dnb ajndnei t`i risidre` boni hy Cr. Kondt`dn@dziff dnb `js tidc.Eintrdf to jt dff js t`i HRD Niwsfittir now jneorpordtib jnt`i XNJB kourndf dnb soon to hi jssuib cont`fy dnb edffibUOYNBHDXXJIX. Jts eountirpdrt js t`i DR D Niwsfittir dnbcdny drtjefis dri jntire`dnmib. ]i `dvi cue` jn eoccon ... dbisjri to mit rjb oa t i tjnnjtus nojsis. Jntirndtjondf ixe`dnmioa jbids dnb eoopirdtjon edn `ifp hot` dssoejdtjons to mrow.Jn t`js wdy wi edn oaair t`i opi niibib hy dff piopfi wjt` tjnnjtus t`dt hy `ifpjnm ide` ot`ir wi edn hittir eopi wjt` our tjnnjtus.

DRD cichirs wjs`jnm cori jnaorcdtjon dhout HRD cdywrjti to t`i dut`or jn edri oa HRD& 4

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JaZou UuaairArocRjnnjtus&Zou NiibRo@idrR`js.Aiif t`i oeidn-s sprdy .. mo hdriaoothy d swjat countdjn stridc .. or tdgid wdfg jn t`i succirrdjn.Dri Zou Oni Oa R`iIstjcdtib 51 Cjffjon \iopfiUuaairjnmArocRjnnjtus.R`i soot`jnm& ndturdf sounbs oat`i Cdrsond 48

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FIRRIX AXOC R@I IBJROXAroc t`i bisg oa Mforjd Xije`& \`.B.& ibjtor DR DNiwsfittir

Zou gnow ds wiff ds J bo t`dt wi custcdgi tjnnjtus d (`ousi`ofb worb( orbir to minirdtit`i risidre` jntirist t`dt jt bisirvis. DRD `dspdrtjejpdtib jn dff oa t`i Jntirndtjondf Uicjndrs aorRjnnjtus. Aor t`i fdst 45 yidrs DR D `ds puhfjs`ibd tjnnjtus niwsfittir. ]i `dvi sponsoribworgs`ops& sicjndrs& aorucs& ciitjnms& dnbibuedtjondf promrdcs oa dff gjnbs to `ifp piopfifidrn cori dhout t`i prohfic.

Bidr Xidbirs;Ds you dnb J wiff gnow& tjnnjtus rdrifystops. Nijt`ir bo t`i eosts oa runnjnm dndssoejdtjon. R`i hdttfi wjt` tjnnjtus js adr arocwon. R`i pdst 49 yidrs `dvi siin bivifopcint oa

cdny niw proeiburis aor tjnnjtus rifjia& hut& ivinso& cost oa us dri stjff `oajnm dnb wdjtjnm aor t`dtoni dbvdneicint t`dt wjf hi t`i dnswir to r ourown tjnnjtus.DRD riprisints tjnnjtus suaairirs dt t`indtjondf dnb jntirndtjondf fivifs. Ndtjondffy wi`dvi hiin worgjnm wjt` ot`ir ormdnjzdtjons dnbjnbjvjbudfs to hrjnm mridtir dttintjon to dff `idrjnmprohfics. R`js iaaort js dhout to hi aufajffib wjt`t`i istdhfjs`cint oa d niw Ndtjondf Jnstjtuti aor@idrjnm prohfics. Eurrintfy& risidre` aor `idrjnmbjsorbirs jnefubjnm tjnnjtus* `ds hiin unbir t`iNdtjondf Jnstjtuti aor Niurofomjedf dnbEoccunjedtjvi Bjsorbirs dnb `ds deeountib aor

onfy 42 pireint oa t`ijr totdf hubmit ivin t`oum`t`osi prohfics eocprjsib 1< pireint oa t`ibjsorbirs aor w`je` t`dt jnstjtuti js risponsjhfi. Hyixpibjtjnm risidre` jnto t`i privintjon& edusis&bjdmnosjs& tridtcints& dnb possjhfi euris aor tjnnjtuswi edn dff hi `ifpib .

Jn kust t`js pdst yidr DR D `ds provjbibbjriet sirvjeis to `unbribs oa t`ousdnbs oa piopfi.Cjffjons oa piopfi `dvi rieijvib jnaorcdtjon hysiijnm our puhaje sirvjei dnnouneicints onndtjonwjbi dnb drcib sirvjeis nitworg tifivjsjon.]i `dvi provjbib hoogs dhout tjnnjtus tot`ousdnbs oa p`ysjejdns dnb cibjedf fjhrdrjisworfbwjbi. Our tjnnjtus hjhfjomrdp`y& w`je`jnefubis cori t`dn 41

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MOOB NI]U$ MOOB NI]U$R`i fittir riprobueib hifow wds sint to dff oa t`i cichirs oat`i Eoccjttii. Zour fittirs to your own eonmrisscin `ifpibjccidsurdhfy dnb jt js `opib t`dt t`i hjff wjff hi dpprovib dnbsjmnib wjt` no aurt`ir bifdys.Kufy 84& 4:00

R`i @onordhfi Kdcji F. ]`jttin E`djrcdnEoccjttii on DpproprjdtjonsYnjtib Utdtis @ousi oa Xiprisintdtjvis]ds`jnmton& BE 8