Times of TurmoilChapter 6

Prohibition

Was introduced in 1918 as a result of campaigning by Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCWU), who felt that the grain used to produce alcohol should be used to feed soldiers and civilians instead.

Positive Effects of Prohibition

Crime rate decreasedDrunkenness decreasedPaycheques went home

instead of tavernsIndustrial efficiency

improved

Negative Effects of Prohibition

Illegal drinking at “speakeasies” Organized bootleggers made and sold illegal

liquor Smugglers made a fortune “rumrunning” to the

US Governments lost revenue on liquor sales

Prohibition Banned

Prohibition was banned because it was unpopular with many citizens and difficult to enforce, and provincial governments were losing millions of dollars in potential taxes.

Spanish Flu

Returning soldiers carried the disease with them from overseas.

Pre-penicillin and other antibiotics many people would die from pneumonia etc.

Killed approximately 50 000 Canadians

Spanish Flu

This epidemic caused the government to create a Department of Health in 1919. The dept took control over national converns such as border quarantines.

It also cooperated with campaigns such as child welfare.

Collected vital statistics such as CDR, CBR, IMR

Canadian Workers

Problems Shortage of jobs High inflation No unemployment benefits, compensation for

injuries, or pensions

Canadian Workers

Solutions Membership in unions Strikes Labour leaders becoming involved in

government

Returning Soldiers

Problems included: A shortage of jobs A shortage of money Injuries or disabilities

Returning Soldiers

Solutions: Vocational training programs Soldier Settlement Act Pensions for veterans and their departments Free medical care

Western Farmers

Problems A collapsed world wheat market Increased costs because of high tariffs and

freight rates

Western Farmers

Solutions The creation of the National Progressives, a

farmer’s; federal political party, which campaigned for lower freight rates and tariffs, and the recall of MPs not representing constituents’ concerns

Maritime People

Problems Manufacturing companies moving to Central

Canada because of the larger market Government policies favouring the growth of

manufacturing in Central Canada High freight rates Decreasing world demand for Maritime products Decline of the steel industry Rising unemployment, forcing people to move

Maritime People

Solution Maritime Rights Movement – asked the federal

government to increase subsidies, encourage trade though Maritime ports, and protect Maritime industries through higher tariffs

Aboriginal Nations

Problems A government policy that stressed assimilation

and dependency No vote Lack of rights Loss of traditional lifestyles

Aboriginal Nations

Solutions Creation of organizations to fight for rights

(League of Indians, Allied Tribes) Various organizations worked toward better

health and education programs; more financial aid; control over reserve lands, hunting, fishing, and trapping rights; land rights; status as independent nations

THE END