TIMER BASED SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM

2. OBJECTIVE :

The aim of our project is to utilize the maximum solar energy through

solar panel . For this a Digital based automatic sun tracking system is

proposed. This project helps the solar power generating equipment to

get the maximum sunlight automatically thereby increasing the

efficiency of the system. The solar panel tracks the sun from east to

west automatically for maximum intensity of light.

To fabricate a DC motor control interfaced with

driver circuit

The aim of our project is to utilize the maximum solar energy through solar panel. For this a digital based automatic sun tracking system is proposed. This project helps the solar power generating equipment to get the maximum sunlight automatically thereby increasing the efficiency of the system. The solar panel tracks the sun from east to west automatically according to predefined timing.

To fabricate a DC motor control interfaced with driver circuit.

To construct a model prototype solar cell movement system with a mechanical assemble to move the panel from 180⁰ E to W.

To construct an emergency light inverter circuit i.e. to operate led bulb with the help of charged battery from the solar panel.

Component Used:

Dummy Solar Panel

Diodes

Resistors

Capacitor

Voltage Regulator

8051 series Microcontroller

Stepper Motor

Motor driver IC

Software Requirements

Keil compiler

Languages: Embedded C

In Our Minor Project We design up to voltage regulated power

supply. Rest part of our project we shall cover in major Project.

Circuit diagram of Our Minor Project

Resistor

Resisto

r

Definition of Resistor“A resistor is an electrical component that limits or

regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic

circuit.”

Capacitor

Different type of

Capacitor

7805 Voltage Regulate IC

In 7805 is a voltage regulated IC which convert 6v of DC to 5 v of DC.

We use capacitor for purpose of getting regulated output.

We require 5 v of Regulated DC voltage because our MCU work on 5 v.

.

LED

LE

D

Light Emitting

Diode

Solar Panel

.

Working of Solar Panel

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY

The solar photovoltaic array consists of an appropriate number of solar cells connected in series and or parallel to provide the required current and voltage.

The array is so oriented as to collect the maximum solar radiation throughout the year.

Working of Solar Panel cont..The solar energy can be directly converted into electrical energy by

means of photovoltaic effect, i.e. conversion of light into electricity. Generation of an electromotive force due to absorption of ionizing radiation is known as photovoltaic effect.

The energy conversion devices which are used to convert sunlight to electricity by use of the photovoltaic effect are called solar cells.

Photovoltaic cells are made of semiconductors that generate electricity when they absorb light. As photons are received, free electrical charges are generated that can be collected on contacts applied to the surfaces of the semiconductors by separating electrons from their parent atoms and accelerating them across a one way electrostatic barrier formed by the function between two different types of semiconductor material.

6V 4.5 A DC Battery

Use of Battery

The simplest means of storage on a smaller

moderate scale is in electric storage batteries,

especially as solar cells produce the direct

electric current required for battery charging. The

stored energy can then be delivered as electricity

upon discharge.

Conclusion

we designed direct current generation from solar

energy and how to store & use that enegry in

minor project.

In Our Major Project we are going to track sun in

accordance with our panel movement by using

stepper motor and 8051 microcontroller, so that

we are able get maximum amount of solar

energy.