Tidbits vernon 207 jan 30 2015 eskimo pie online

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January 30 - February 5, 2015 Issue #00207

ESKIMO PIEby Janet Spencer

On January 24, 1922, Christian Nelson was issued a patent for the world’s first Eskimo Pie. Come along with Tidbits as we consider the impact the Eskimo Pie has had on society!

A NEW TREAT• Christian Nelson operated a candy store

and ice cream shop in Iowa. One day a boy couldn’t decide whether to buy a candy bar or ice cream. That made Christian wonder why you couldn’t combine both.

• Experimenting, he found that cocoa butter would glue chocolate covering to a disk of ice cream. He called it the ‘I-Scream Bar.’

• In 1922 he went to a man named Russell who managed the Graham Ice Cream Company, who paid half the cost of a patent for half the profit . Russell’s wife suggested the name Eskimo Pie for the product. Each Eskimo Pie was wrapped in tin foil.

• When the product hit the market, it caused a frenzy, selling a million a day. The company became the biggest consumer of tin foil in the nation. To meet demand, they licensed dairies to make the product in exchange for a royalty, but some dairies failed to pay royalties while others infringed on the patent.

(continued next page)

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• In 1929 a judge ruled that it was not something that could be patented anyway. A demoralized Russell sold his part of the company and used the money to start his own candy company. Christian Nelson sold his part of the company to the tin foil fi m that made the wrappers, but continued to work for them. He died a wealthy man in 1992 at the age of 99. Meanwhile…

RUSSELL’S CHOCOLATE• After Christian Nelson’s partner Russell

sold his share of the Eskimo Pie company for $25,000, Russell moved with his wife Clara to Denver, Colorado.

• In the basement of their home, they set up a candy-making shop, determined to produce the highest-quality chocolates they could. Th y hand-dipped their chocolates, resisting the move to automatic machine-dipping because hand-dipping resulted in a thicker layer of chocolate.

• On their fi st day of business in December of 1923, they sold 120 lbs (54 kg) of chocolate, netting $90 profi . A year later, they had fi e stores throughout Denver and employed 30 people in the basement of their home. Their candy company became particularly well-known for selling chocolates in heart-shaped boxes for Valentine’s Day.

• When Russell died in 1954, Clara kept the company running. In 1960 she sold the business to her good friend Louis Ward, who supplied her with their heart-shaped boxes. He developed the business until it was the third largest American chocolate manufacturer, behind Hershey and Mars. Eventually over 60% of boxed chocolates came from this company, which still carries the name of the company founder. What’s it called? Answer at top of next page.

A NEW FOIL• Richard Samuel was the nephew of

Richard Joshua. Uncle Richard Joshua was a tobacco baron, and nephew Richard Samuel worked for him. At the time, cigarettes were wrapped in foil made from a mixture of tin and lead. As the demand for cigarettes increased, so did demand for tin foil, and it was constantly in short supply.

• In 1919 nephew Richard Samuel borrowed $100,000 from his uncle, then left his uncle’s tobacco fi m in order to start up a tin foil company. Other tin foil fi ms tried

to run him out of business by lowering their prices, but then the price of aluminum dropped, and Richard Samuel discovered that making foil from aluminum was far less expensive – and far more sensible – than making it out of tin and lead.

• Aluminum foil was lighter and thinner than tin foil so more of it could be rolled from a single pound of metal; it was non-corrosive; and it was shinier. He invented a

way to print on it, so he could make custom wrappers for specific foods. Demand for his foil skyrocketed with the invention of the Eskimo Pie because each one was wrapped in foil.

• In 1924 Richard Samuel’s fi m bought out the Eskimo Pie company, which was its single biggest customer. The company expanded to produce aluminum siding, aluminum cans, aluminum bumpers, and more. Eventually the fi m became the world’s third largest aluminum and packaging company. It’s best known for aluminum foil, which carries the last name shared by Uncle Richard Joshua and nephew Richard Samuel. What was their last name? (Answer at top of next page).

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• He learned carpentry from his father, attended local schools, and became interested in mechanics. Because he excelled at school, his father sent him to Washington, D.C. to attend Wayland Seminary. This was one of several schools founded by the American Baptist Home Mission Society to educate African-Americans after the Civil War.

• Later he settled in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He got a job working as a porter in the Markell Brothers drug store and St. Charles Hotel. While working at the drug store, he noticed how popular ice cream had become, and he also noticed how difficult it was to

• He designed machinery to mass-produce the product, and named his company after his belief that anyone eating it would be in a good mood. Thenhe designed a unique way to sell his product. Instead of selling it to stores, he outfi ted the world’s fi st ice cream trucks and hired drivers to drive slowly up and down suburban streets, ringing the bell on the truck and selling his ice cream bars directly to children.

• In 1929 the company got a huge boost in Chicago when mobsters demanded $5,000 for “protection” – or else. The company refused the ultimatum, and doubled the insurance on the trucks. The next week eight trucks were blown up. The insurance payoff was handsome and the free national publicity put the company on the map.

• At its peak in the 1950s, the company had 2,000 ice cream trucks on the road. Now owned by Breyers, the trucks have been retired but the company still produces a wide variety of ice cream novelties. What was the ice cream company called? (Answer below)

-------------------------------------------------------

Answer: Good Humor.

Noteworthy Inventions

THE ICE CREAM SCOOP• Alfred Cralle was born in Virginia in 1866,

just after the Civil War ended. He was black, so his options were limited but he never let that stop him.

Answer: Russell Stover.

Answer: Reynolds, as in Reynolds Wrap, and R.J. Reynolds tobacco.

ICE CREAM ON A STICK• Harry Burt owned a candy store and ice cream

shop in Ohio. Christian Nelson had recently invented the Eskimo Pie, but Harry claimed to have invented the chocolate-covered ice cream bar before Nelson invented the Eskimo Pie.

• Harry’s invention had one critical diffe ence, however. After he’d given an experimental sample to his grown daughter to eat, he asked her opinion. She said she liked it, but it was too messy and left her fi gers sticky. Because he manufactured lollipops, he inserted a stick to make it easier to eat.

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(Continued next page)

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¥ “If you have dry skin on elbows, knees or feet, get a container of Vaseline or other petroleum jelly. Rub a little bit of it into the dry skin areas at night, and you should see a diffe ence in a week.” -- E.L. in California

¥ “A great addition to coff e is flavored ice cream. It adds sweetness, creaminess and a hint of something surprising. Also, it cools hot brew and puts a fancy little froth on top.” -- W.L. in West Virginia

¥ Static season is here. To calm flyaways in static-charged hair, try these two tricks: 1) Con-dition your brush by soaking it in water with hair conditioner added. (Don’t soak a wood-handled brush.) 2) When you’re out and about, apply a little lip balm like Chapstick to your palms, then run them over your hair.

¥ Coff e fil ers can be stacked between frying pans to keep them from scratching one anoth-er. This is e pecially true for nonstick-coated pans. If you have a good collection of pothold-ers, they can be used too.

¥ Cut old pantyhose into strips to use for bun-dling newspapers, tying up plants, etc.

¥ Fruit and vegetable intake is important for your nutrition. Canned fruit is good for about a year unopened and on the pantry shelf. But, after opening, transfer unused fruit and syrup to a plastic container with a tight-fi ting lid -- refrigerate and use within a week.

Send your tips to JoAnn at [email protected].

(c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

serve. It consistently stuck to the spoon or ladle that was being used to scoop it, and required either two hands or two people to get it into the dish. He was determined to solve the problem.

• Being mechanically inclined, he set to work on the problem. The fi st prototype he showed to the Markell Brothers was a simple stick with a cone-shaped object mounted on the end. The Markell Brothers didn’t think it would work, until Cralle took a container of ice cream and demonstrated it for them, easily plopping a perfectly-shaped mound of ice cream into a dish.

• On February 2, 1897, Cralle was granted a patent for what he called an “ice cream mold and disher” now known as the ice cream scoop. It was designed to keep ice cream as well as other foods from sticking to the utensil, and it was easy to operate

with one hand.

• Cralle’s design was strong, durable, eff ctive, and inexpensive. It could be constructed in a variety of shapes depending on whether a cone or a mound was desired. It could be constructed out of a variety of materials. The e were no delicate parts that could malfunction. This simple device allowed ice cream to be served faster, with less effo t and more hygienically.

• Cralle never received much in the way of fi ancial success from his invention, nor did he receive any wide-spread acclaim. However, when the Afro-American Financial, Accumulating, Merchandise and Business Association was organized in Pittsburgh, he was named Assistant Manager.

• Cralle was 30 years old when he was granted his patent, married with two daughters and a son. His wife and one daughter died in 1918, possibly due to the flu epidemic. His son died of disease in 1918, and Cralle himself was killed in an automobile accident in 1920. But his daughter Anna lived to the age of 98 and died in 2009. By then her father’s invention had become standard issue in households around the world.

• Next time you bend your spoon in half for lack of an ice cream scoop, think of Alfred Cralle, and say a word of thanks.

• When choosing an ice cream scoop, pick one with a good grip on the handle so it won’t slip if your hands are wet. Be sure it has sharp edges so it will cut easily into the ice cream. Get one with a big wide scoop to provide maximum ice cream retrieval. Dunk the scoop in hot water for a few minutes to facilitate scooping. Drag the scoop in an S-shape across the surface of the ice cream. If you are scooping multiple dishes, keep the hot water handy and dip

the scoop in between.

(The Ice Cream Scoop continued)

(Continued next page)


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FRANCHISE STORIES: QUIZ #1• Roy Allen had a habit of buying run-down

restaurants, rehabilitating them, and selling them at a profi . In 1919 he met a pharmacist who had a great recipe for a home-brewed root beer. Roy bought the recipe from him and opened a root beer stand in Lodi, California.

• Sales were good, so he opened a second stand in Sacramento, and hired Frank Wright to help him manage it. Frank was a great employee, and in 1922 he and Roy became partners, naming the business for their initials. Roy bought a carnival wagon previously used to sell popcorn, and turned


New Year, New Cat

DEAR PAW’S CORNER: Our mom decided to let us adopt a cat after the Christmas holiday. We’re really excited. Is there any special training for the cat that we should know? -- Tracy and Kelly, via email

DEAR TRACY AND KELLY: Congratulations -- you will probably enjoy having a pet that both of you can take care of. Cats are very independent animals and have a lot of instinctive behaviors -- such as eating moderately, keeping themselves clean and covering up their droppings -- that make caring for them easier than taking care of most dogs. However, there are a few things you need to do to make your home a welcoming environment for your cat.¥ Prepare a cozy, safe space for the cat to rest in before its fi st day home. A covered cat bed, old carrier or other den should work; place the door so that your cat can see everything going on in the room. When you bring the cat home, let it out of the carrier near that cozy spot.¥ Likewise, have the new litter box in place and fill d before the big day. Then, show the litter box to your new cat.¥ Set out food and water in what will be your cat’s usual feeding spot, so that it can find it easily. (Of course, never locate bedding, litter box and food dishes close together).¥ Put a sturdy scratching post near the cat’s living area.¥ Give your new cat some space: stay back out of the way as it explores the new house. Your cat needs to get familiar with the new living space and feel like it can explore unmolested. When it’s ready, it likely will come to you.Send your questions or tips to [email protected].

(c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

it into a drive-up root beer stand, which gave birth to the idea of a drive-up restaurant.

• Theidea was a hit. Roy Allen bought out Frank Wright in 1924, but retained the company’s name. He weathered the Great Depression by adding hot dogs and hamburgers. By the end of the Depression, he had 200 franchises, and by the time he sold out due to failing health there were about 450. In the 1960s there were more than 2,000 stores operating nationwide.

• Today the company is the largest vendor of root beer in the nation, selling a soft drink that has changed little since it was fi st invented. What’s the name of the company? (Answer at the end)

FRANCHISE STORIES: QUIZ #2• John McCullough served ice cream from

his store in Illinois in 1927. Making large amounts of ice cream involved mixing butterfat with sweeteners and stabilizers, then whipping in air and flavoring, then freezing it until it reached 23°F (-5C). At this temperature the ice cream was soft enough to fl w through a spigot into tubs. The tubs were frozen to -10°F (-23C) which made

them easy to ship and store.

• John knew ice cream that came out of the spigot at 23°F tasted better than the stuff sold to the customer at -10°. Ice cream numbs the taste buds at about 0°F (-17C), which interferes with the sense of taste.

• What the world really needed, he decided, was ice cream that could be served at 18°F (-8C). He experimented, findi g that less butterfat made a softer ice cream that could be handled easily at that temperature, while still retaining its shape. By 1938 he had the recipe down pat.

• He sold his fi st franchise in 1940. Today there are about 5,700 outlets selling this soft-

serve ice cream. What’s the franchise called? (Answer at the end)

FRANCHISE STORIES: #3• Reuben Mattus sold lemon-ice from a horse-

drawn wagon in New York City in the 1920s. He branched out into selling ice cream just when modern refrigeration methods made long-term storage of ice cream at home possible. In 1959 Reuben decided to found a new ice cream company that would be dedicated to providing the best possible ice cream made from the highest quality ingredients: more butterfat, less air. He needed a name for the product. He had always been fond of Denmark, so he decided a Danish name would be best. The name he chose means nothing in the Danish language, but Rueben wanted people to look at the name and think, ‘Is this imported?’ A map of Scandinavia appeared on the label for good measure. Thebusiness grew steadily and in 1983 he sold out to Pillsbury for $70 million. Today this luxury ice cream is sold all over the world. Name it.

Answer #1: A & W

Answer #2: Dairy Queen.

Answer #3: Häagen-Dazs.

(Quiz #1 continued)

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by Samantha Weaver

¥ It was American author Gail Kathleen Godwin who made the following sage observation: “Good teaching is one-fourth preparation and three-fourths theater.”

¥ Elizabeth Montgomery, best known for playing the witch Samantha in the TV sitcom “Bewitched,” in 1975 played the title role in the TV movie “The Legend of Lizzie Borden.” This would not be remarkable, except that a genealogist later showed that Montgomery and the notorious axe-murderer were actually sixth cousins once removed.

¥ Those who study such things say that if you grew up in the era before color TV, you’re more likely to dream in black and white.

¥ In April 2014, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission moved to forbid the sale of stuffed baby alligators in “an unnatural body or body part positioning” -- including upright human poses.

¥ You might be surprised to learn that during the Revolutionary War, only one out of every six able-bodied men in the American colonies actually took up arms.

¥ John Pemberton, the inventor of Coca-Cola, came up with the recipe by boiling coca leaves, kola nuts and a variety of herbs in a pot in his backyard. It was originally sold in his drugstore as a “nerve medicine.”

¥ It’s well-known that camels are able to go long periods of time without access to water, but biologists say that giraffes are able to survive even longer than camels when deprived of moisture.

¥ In the 18th century, so-called anatomical demonstrations became very popular. At the time, museums, colleges, private homes and even bars hosted public dissections of human corpses. Competition to obtain the sometimes-costly tickets to these events was fierce, and the crowds attending often were raucous. Thought for the Day: “I love Mickey Mouse more than any woman I have ever known.” -- Walt Disney(c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.


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Tidbits vernon 207 jan 30 2015 eskimo pie online

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