TIDAL ZONES HIGHEST SPLASH ZONE Darkened rock Verrucaria: lichen – Fungus store water –...
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Transcript of TIDAL ZONES HIGHEST SPLASH ZONE Darkened rock Verrucaria: lichen – Fungus store water –...
![Page 1: TIDAL ZONES HIGHEST SPLASH ZONE Darkened rock Verrucaria: lichen – Fungus store water – Photosynthetic algae Calothrix: blue/green algae – Dark.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697c0201a28abf838cd26ec/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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TIDAL ZONES
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HIGHEST SPLASH ZONE
• Darkened rock• Verrucaria: lichen
– Fungus store water– Photosynthetic algae
• Calothrix: blue/green algae– Dark green mat– Jelly like layer– Nitrogen fixation for nitrates
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UPPER INTERTIDAL/LITTORAL ZONE
• What factors?• Euryhaline: wide range of
salinities
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GastropodsStomach Foot
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• Dominant species: Littorina (periwinkles)• Operculum• Radula
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TIDE POOLS
• Microcommunities• Large fluctuations
• Enteromorpha: green tubular, fronds, high rate of photosynthesis
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MIDDLE INTERTIDAL
• Dominant upper: barnacles
• Dominant mid: Fucus• Dominant lower: Mytilis
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• Competition for space• Predation & control on lesser species
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Barnacles (Balanus)• Avoids lower zones due to predators
(seastar, dog whelk) and competes with seaweeds
• Cementum• Live close together• Closed by plates (what is the purpose?)• What is the purpose of the shape?• Suspension feeders: plankton & detritus• Cirri (6 pairs)
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Video of barnacles feeding
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66p3eNtbypU
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Brown Seaweed (Fucus)
• Thick/dense to retain moisture
• Symbiotic with crabs, sea slugs, snails, isopods, seastars
• Softens waves for others
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Substrate: what it attaches to
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Substrate
Holdfast
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What are the air bladders for?
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Mytilus Zone
• Byssal threads (beard): secreted from gland, regenerate
• Streamlined to decrease friction
• Close tight to prevent dessication/predation
• Predators: seastars, crabs, predatory snails, birds (lowest zones only)
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Mytilus Zone• Broadcasting fertilization
• Larvae
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Slipper Snails (Crepidula)• Gastropod
• Filter feeders
• Muscular foot
• Change sexes
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Competition for space
• Limiting factors is space, NOT food
• Most are sessile
• If your 1st to a new area: effective dispersal by larvae
• Colonize on top of others or loosen others– Suseptible to waves, smothering or lack of
light.
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What stressors affect the critters?
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Competition
• Most are sessile
• Colonize on top of others or loosen others • Light
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• Limiting factors is space, NOT food
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