Tidal and Tidal Current Power Study in KoreaCoastal Engineering Research Department Korea Ocean...

Coastal Engineering Research Department

Korea Ocean Research & Korea Ocean Research & Development InstituteDevelopment Institute

Tidal and Tidal Current Power Study Tidal and Tidal Current Power Study in Koreain Korea

KwangKwang--Soo LEESoo LEE

Coastal Engineering Research Department KORDI

May 2006May 2006



ContentsContents

1. Background2. Research Projects3. Tidal Power Projects

Sihwa Tidal Power PlantGarolim Tidal Power ProjectIncheon Tidal Power Project

4. Uldolmok Tidal Current Power Project



I. BackgroundI. BackgroundWestern and Southern coasts of Korea are well known for high tides and strong tidal current.

Western coast : Tidal Power (Siwha, Garolim, Incheon)Southern coast : Tidal Current Power (Uldolmok)

Estimated wave energy resources along Korean coast is about 650MWSince 2000, KORDI has been focusing on developing technology for practical application

Tidal Energy (Barrage)Tidal Current Energy (1MW Pilot Plant)Wave Energy (500kW OWC Pilot Plant)



Tidal Power : 2,400MW

Tidal Current Power :

500MW



Wave Energy Density in Korean Coastal Waters(650MW)

NW (Winter)SE (Summer)Annual mean :

2~12kW/m



II. Research ProjectsII. Research Projects

Study for the Development of Ocean Energy in KoreaPhase I : 2000-2005 (13.5M$)- Tidal Power : Shiwha & Garolim (1.1M$)- Tidal Current Power : Uldolmok (10.6M$)- Wave Energy (1.8M$)Phase II : 2006-2010 (34.8M$)- Tidal Power : Incheon (9.6M$)- Tidal Current Power : Uldolmok & Others (14.2M$)- Wave Energy : Jeju (11.0M$)Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MOMAF)



Feasibility Study of Garolim Tidal Power Plant2005. 12 – 2007. 1 (1.2M$)Korea Western Power Co. Ltd.

Estimation of Tidal Energy Resources in Korea2004. 6 – 2006. 5 (0.5M$)Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy (MOCIE)

Design of Sluice Structure for Tidal Power Plant2005. 12 – 2007. 12 (0.7M$)Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy (MOCIE)

Others



III. Tidal Power ProjectsIII. Tidal Power Projects

Tidal Barrage of 12.7km had been completed in 1994To get fresh water and reclamation Lake water was polluted by sewage and wastewaterTidal Power Plant was proposed as a counter measure in 1997 (KORDI)Basic Plan of Sihwa Tidal Power Plant was carried out in 2000 (KORDI)

Freshwater Lake was given up in 2001Feasibility Study in 2002 (KORDI / KOWACO)

IIIIII--1. 1. SihwaSihwa Tidal Power PlantTidal Power Plant



Purpose- Power generation- Improve water quality inside the lakeMean Tidal Range : 5.6mSpring Tidal Range : 7.8mBasin Area : 43km2

Generation Method : One-way during flood tide (BWL should be under -1.0m MSL)Installed Capacity : 250MW (Horizontal Axial Bulb Unit)Estimated Annual Output : 553 GWhConstruction Cost : 350M$ (1,300$/kW)Completion : 2009



Korea Tidal Power Study 1978 (Shawinigan, Canada)

Dealing with 10 sites on the west coastGarolim was proposed as the 1st place

Feasibility Study (1980-1981 / Sogreah)Revisit to Garolim Bay (1985-1986 / EPD, U.K.)Feasibility Study (1992-1993 / CSTC, China)Feasibility Study (2005.12-2007. 1)

IIIIII--2. 2. GarolimGarolim Tidal Power ProjectTidal Power Project



Mean Tidal Range : 4.7mSpring Tidal Range : 6.6mBarrage Length : 2.0kmBasin Area : 45.5km2



Generation Method : One-way during ebb tide Installed Capacity : 480MW (Horizontal Axial Bulb / Pit Unit with step-up Gear)Estimated Annual Output : 880 GWhConstruction Cost : 1,000M$ (2,100$/kW)Detailed Design for Construction : 2007Construction will be started at 2007Completion : 2012



IIIIII--3. 3. IncheonIncheon Tidal Power ProjectTidal Power ProjectMean Tidal Range : 5.3mSpring Tidal Range : 7.3mBarrage Length : 20kmBasin Area : 106km2



Generation Method : One-way during ebb tide Installed Capacity : 1,000MW (Horizontal Axial Bulb / Pit Unit with step-up Gear)Estimated Annual Output : 1,800 GWhConstruction Cost : 2,500M$ (2,500$/kW)Detailed Design for Construction : 2008Construction will be started at 2009Completion : 2015



IV. IV. UldolmokUldolmok Tidal Current PowerTidal Current Power



Why the strong current occurs ?

Tidal range over the entire channel : avg. 3mTidal phase difference : 100min. between both endsWhich makes 2m difference in water levels and strong current

8/13/03 9/2/03 9/22/03 10/12/03 11/1/03 11/21/03-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

Wat

er le

vel (

m)

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

Wate

r lev

el (m

)

12/1/03 12/21/03 1/10/04 1/30/04 2/19/04 3/10/04 3/30/04

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

Wate

r lev

el (m

)

4/1/04 4/21/04 5/11/04 5/31/04 6/20/04 7/10/04 7/30/04

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

Wat

er le

vel (

m)

8/1/04 8/21/04 9/10/04 9/30/04 10/20/04 11/9/04



0

200

400

600S

PE

ED

(cm

/s)

1/24/02 1/29/02 2/3/02 2/8/02 2/13/02 2/18/02 2/23/02

0

200

400

600

800

SP

EE

D (c

m/s

)

1/24/02 1/29/02 2/3/02 2/8/02 2/13/02 2/18/02 2/23/02(MM/DD/YY)

20m

25m



09/04 09/07 09/10 09/13 09/16 09/19 09/22 09/25 09/28 10/01 10/04 10/07

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

Cur

rent

(cm

/s)

U-VelocityV-VelocitySpeed

0

100

200

300

400

500

Spee

d (c

m/s

)

09/04 09/07 09/10 09/13 09/16 09/19 09/22 09/25 09/28 10/01 10/04 10/07

Along-channel componentcross-channel component



Fine mesh modelling (min. mesh size ; 20m)



Power Generating SystemPower Generating SystemTriple helical turbine



Single Blade

Turb

ine

Eff

icie

ncy

(%)

TSR (Tu r b in e Bla d e Ve lo c it y/ Cu r r e n t Ve lo c it y)1 .4 1 .6 1 .8 2 .0 2 .2 2 .4 2 .6 2 .8 3 .0

0

5

1 0

1 5

2 0

2 5

3 0

3 5

4 0

Turb

ine

Eff

icie

ncy

(%)

Cu r r e n t Ve lo c it y (m / s )

Sin g le Bla d e (0 4 / 1 2 / 1 3 ) Sin g le Bla d e (0 5 / 1 0 / 0 8 ) Sin g le Bla d e (0 5 / 1 0 / 1 9 )

Velocity-Efficientcy TSR-Efficiency



Double Blade

1 .4 1 .6 1 .8 2 .0 2 .2 2 .4 2 .6 2 .8 3 .0

Turb

ine

Eff

icie

ncy

(%)

Cu r r e n t Ve lo c it y (m / s )

Do u b le Bla d e (0 4 / 1 2 / 1 4 ) Do u b le Bla d e (0 5 / 1 0 / 0 7 ) Do u b le Bla d e (0 5 / 1 0 / 2 0 ) Do u b le Bla d e (0 5 / 1 2 / 0 3 )

Turb

ine

Eff

icie

ncy

(%)

TSR (Tu r b in e Bla d e Ve lo c it y/ Cu r r e n t Ve lo c it y)

Velocity-Efficiency TSR-Efficiency



500kW Power Converter



500kW SGElectricalPowerConverterfor a SG

Tidal current power plant with a 500kW SG

ReductionGear

Helical typeTurbine

ReductionGear

Helical typeTurbine

ElectricalPowerConverterfor a DFIG

500kW DFIG

Tidal current power plant with a 500kW DFIG

575V

3 3

GridProtectionDevice

VCB

Grid3Ph, 22.9kV.

StraitGrid Connection System

Tidal Current Power Generation System

OCR-3OCGROVRUVRFR

22.9kV

690V

TransformerInput : 22.9kVOutput : 575/690VCapacity : 1.25MVA

DFIG : Doubly- fed Induction Generator, ��

SG : Synchronous Generator, ��



Pilot Tidal Current Power Plant is under construction

Installed capacity ; 1,000kWJacket type StructureCompletion in 2007



THANK YOU !

Tidal and Tidal Current Power Study in KoreaCoastal Engineering Research Department Korea Ocean...

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