Thursday, February 3, 20001 Management of Information Systems: 45-870 Mini-3 Spring 2000.

Thursday, February 3, 2000 1

Management of Information Systems: 45-870

Mini-3Spring 2000


Agenda Announcements Technology Byte Presentations Database Trends Telecommunications and

Internetworking Technologies Information about Mid-Term


Announcements Technology Byte Presentations

Thursday (2/3): Section A: Digital Agents, Hyperlinks Section B: Alwin & the Chipmunks, Cash

Money Brothers


Announcements IT Exercise II due no later than

midnight this Friday, 2/4/00 Submit one set of answers for your team You can email to me as an MS Word

attachment or submit as hard copy Technology Byte Report

Due on no later than midnight this Friday, 2/4/00

Submit as a web page linked to your team’s home page that you had created in the first IT exercise


Technology Byte Presentations

Section A: Digital Agents Hyperlinks

Section B: Alwin & the Chipmunks Cash Money Brothers


The Information Technology Platform: Building Blocks

HARDWARE

SOFTWARE & DATA

TELECOMMUNICATIONS


DATABASE TRENDS

DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING: Multiple Geographical / Functional Systems Connected with Network Web Databases

DISTRIBUTED DATABASE: Data Physically Stored in more than one Location PARTIONED DUPLICATE


DATABASE TRENDS

OBJECT- ORIENTED: Data and Procedures Stored Together; can be Retrieved, Shared

HYPERMEDIA: Nodes Contain Text, Graphics, Sound, Video, Programs. Organizes Data as Nodes.

MULTIDIMENSIONAL: 3D (or higher) Groupings to Store Complex Data


DATABASE TRENDS

DATA WAREHOUSE: Organization’s Electronic Library Stores Consolidated Current & Historic Data for Management Reporting & Analysis


Network Server

Network Server

ExternalDatabases onthe Internet &

Online Services

Client PC or

NCOperational

Databases ofthe Organization

AnalyticalDatabases of

Critical Organization

Data

End UserDatabases

DistributedDatabases on

Intranets & Other

Networks

DataWarehouse

Databases in the IT Architecture


The Information Technology Platform: Building Blocks

HARDWARE

SOFTWARE & DATA

TELECOMMUNICATIONS


TelecommunicationsSoftware

TelecommunicationsSoftware

1

2 3 52

PCs, NCs, and Other Terminals

4 ComputersTelecommunicationsChannels and Media

TelecommunicationsProcessors

Basic Components in a Telecommunications Network


Network Component ExamplesExamples

MediaMedia

ProcessorsProcessors

SoftwareSoftware

Twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber optics, microwave radio, communications satellites, cellular phone systems, radio, infrared

Twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber optics, microwave radio, communications satellites, cellular phone systems, radio, infrared

Modems, multiplexers, switches, routers, hubs, gatewaysModems, multiplexers, switches, routers, hubs, gateways

Network operating systems, telecommunications monitors, middlewareNetwork operating systems, telecommunications monitors, middleware

ChannelsChannelsAnalog/digital switched/nonswitched, circuit/message/packet/cell switching, bandwidth alternatives

Analog/digital switched/nonswitched, circuit/message/packet/cell switching, bandwidth alternatives

Topology/ArchitectureTopology/

Architecture

LAN, WAN, VAN, VPN, Client-Server, Internetworked EnterpriseLAN, WAN, VAN, VPN, Client-Server, Internetworked Enterprise

Telecommunications Components


Telecommunications MediaMEANS BY WHICH DATA ARE

TRANSMITTED: TWISTED PAIR ( Copper Wires) COAXIAL CABLE: (Insulated Copper

Wires) FIBER-OPTIC CABLE WIRELESS


Telecommunications Processors Modems Multiplexers Switches Routers Hubs Gateways Examples:

Typical use of Telecommunications Processors CMU’s use of Telecommunications Processors


Communications Software Network Operating Systems

Telecommunications Monitors

Middleware


Telecommunications Channels Analog vs. Digital Switched vs. non-switched Switching Alternatives Transmission Speed: Bits per

Second (BPS) or Baud Bandwidth: Capacity of Channel;

Difference between Highest & Lowest Frequencies


NetworkServer

NetworkServer

Shared Database and

Software Packages

SharedPrinter

Internetwork Processor to Other Networks

PCPC

PC PC PC

Telecommunications Topologies:

Local Area Network (LAN)


LAN Topologies

HOSTHOST

USERUSER

USERUSER

USERUSER USERUSER

STARSTAR


LAN Topologies

BUSBUS

USERUSER

USERUSER

USERUSER

USERUSER

USERUSER

USERUSER


LAN Topologies

USERUSER

USERUSER

USERUSER

USERUSER

RINGRING


Wide Area Network (WAN)

NETWORK SPANS LARGE GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCES

CAN INCLUDE CABLE, SATELLITE, MICROWAVE

SWITCHED LINES: Route Determined by Current Traffic

DEDICATED LINES: Constantly Available for High-Volume Traffic


Value-Added Networks (VAN) and Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) VANs:

PRIVATE; MULTIPATH; DATA ONLY 3rd PARTY MANAGED USED BY SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS SUBSCRIPTION BASIS

VPNs:


Client-Server Networks Distributes computing power End user PC or NC are clients Clients interconnected by LANS to

network servers LANs interconnected to other LANs

and WANs


Inter-networks Brief History of the Internet

ARPANET, 1969 ARPANET & Milnet, 1980s = “the

Internet” NSFNET, 1986 ARPANET retired 1990 Web users, 1996 = 25 million Web users, 2000 > 160 million

Internet vs. Web


Connecting to the Internet How to connect:

phone cable satellite LAN

Types of connection services: Internet connection providers (ISPs) Proprietary Content Providers (AOL)


Internet Characteristics Open standards and protocols (TCP/IP) Asynchronous transmission of data:

ROUTERROUTER

Information Packets

Header

Header

Header

DestinationDestination

IP Address


Internet Bandwidth

What is bandwidth important for the Internet?

Internet Technology Bandwidths and Uses Modem ISDN Ethernet LAN Leased Lines (T1 and T3) ATM


Internet Security Internet Commerce

Encryption and Digital Certificates

Firewalls


Organizational Uses of Internetworking Technologies

Intranet

Extranet


The InternetThe Internet

CompanyCompany

IntranetsIntranets

IntranetsIntranets

IntranetsIntranets

IntranetsIntranets

CustomerCustomer SupplierSupplier

Intranet

Other Company Locations

ExtranetExtranet

ExtranetExtranet

The Inter-networked Enterprise


More electronic commerce, enterprise collaboration, online business operations etc. via networks

More vendors, carriers, alliances, and network services,accelerated by deregulation & Internet Growth

More Internet, interconnected local & globaldigital networks, improved transmission channels

Industry Trends

Technology Trends

Application Trends

Telecommunications Trends


Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8

Logistics and Location can use laptops in GSIA 152 or use PCs in

ELC or manually write answers in blue books

we will use the network printer for printing ELC is reserved so you can print your

answers there



Format: you will have 90 minutes to complete it,

excluding print time this is an individual, not team effort Be sure to:

ATQ: answer the question! Be very specific and precise in your answers –

general or vague answers will not receive full credit

open book, open note, open network, except: NO E-MAILING TO CLASSMATES TO SHARE

ANSWERS !!


Questions: consists of 4-6 short answer questions

and 1-2 longer answer questions Questions have multiple parts short answer questions are technical

(i.e., definitions) and longer answer questions are application oriented (i.e., like in-class exercises, homework exercises, etc.)



Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 Some Sample Technical Questions:

What are some important trends in micro-processors? Will micro-processor performance continue to improve dramatically? Why or why not?

How is a relational database different than a traditional “flat” file? Provide a specific example to illustrate your answer.

What is the difference between a network computer and a personal computer? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

How is a primary key different from a concatenated key different from a foreign key? Provide examples to illustrate.

What is normalization? Why is it important to normalize? Provide an example to illustrate.

What is the difference between a LAN and a WAN? In what situations would a company prefer to use a LAN? a WAN?

What is middleware and why is it an important technology for organizations?


Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 Some Sample Application Questions:

Consider the IT called “artificial intelligence”. What is artificial intelligence? Describe how you think this IT will change business in the future. What are the business opportunities of this IT? What are the primary dangers, threats, or business challenges associated with this IT?

Describe an effective process for companies to use in creating web pages in their intra/inter/extra/nets. That is, should they centralize or de-centralize the design, development, implementation and maintenance? Should they use an HTML generator or code HTML by hand? Should they standardize or allow autonomy in web design? Justify your choices.


Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 Preparation and Review

Covers material: Discussed or presented in class In Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 of text In handouts (e.g., database handout, FrontPage

handouts) On Course Web Site In in-class exercises

Suggest outlining or organizing your material so you know where to find things during the exam



If you are unable to take the exam on Feb. 8 you must notify me no later than Feb. 7, 2000 and

explain why you cannot take the exam. I must excuse you, and we will set up a date and

time for make up of the exam. Note that the make-up exam will have different

questions than the exam administered in class Unexcused absences will result in a grade of

zero on the exam

Thursday, February 3, 20001 Management of Information Systems: 45-870 Mini-3 Spring 2000.

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Transcript of Thursday, February 3, 20001 Management of Information Systems: 45-870 Mini-3 Spring 2000.