1. Thng mi in t v thanh ton trong thng mi in t ( E-commerce and E-payment)Ni dung 1. Gii thiu chung t vn Mc tiu nghin cu 2. Tng quan v thng mi in t Khi nim Cc c trng ca TMT Li ch ca TMT Thch thc ca TMT Cc phng tin k thut Hnh thc giao dch Cc mi quan h trong TMT Cc h thng thng tin qun l trong m hnh thng mi in Cc m hnh giao dch trong TMT Cc ng dng in hnh 3. Thng mi di ng 4. Thanh ton trong thng mi in t I. Gii thiu chung t vn Trong nn kinh t ton cu, thng mi in t v kinh doanh int tr thnh mt yu t cn thit ca chin lc kinh doanh v l mtcht xc tc mnh m cho s pht trin kinh t. Trong nhng nm gny, s pht trin mnh m ca TMT trn th gii gp phn thay icch thc kinh doanh, giao dch truyn thng v em li nhng li ch to ln cho x hi.Trong bi cnh ton cu ha v cnh tranh quc t ngy cng cao, cng ngh ng vai tr ht sc quan trng i vi nng lc cnh tranh ca doanh nghip niring v nng lc cnh tranh ca mt quc gia ni chung. Cng vi qutrnh pht trin ca khoa hc, vn ha, x hi, ngy nay Cng nghthngtin c th gip cho cc c quan nh nc, cc doanh nghip v mi cngdn ca chng ta thc hin c nhng g m cch 5-10 nm cha tngm c.

2. Nh chng ta bit mt trong nhng iu kin c bn v c ngha quyt nh trong vic pht trin TMT l cic hon thin cc dch v TTT.Thc t chng minh TTT l mt trongnhng vn ct li pht trin TMT,vi vai tr l mt khu khng th tch di ca quy trnh giao dch. Mc tiu nghin cu Nghin cu nh gi, phn tch tng quan v TMT Xc nh c thnh phn ch yu ca h tng cng ngh cho cc h thng TMT Nhn bit c cc ng dng ca TMT Gii thch cc c tnh c bn ca cc h thng thanh ton in t cn thit h tr cho TMT II. Tng quan v thng mi in t Gii thiu v thng mi in t1. Khi nim - Theo ngha rng TMT bao gm bt k mt giao dch no m s dng cng ngh s, k c mng thng tin ton cu Internet lun m, cc mng ng nh mng Trao i d liu in t (EDI) v cc th ghi n, th tn dng. - Theo ngha hp TMT ch bao gm nhng giao dch s dng giao thc TCP/IP v mt s giao thc bo mt khc nh giao thc SSL (Secure Sockets Layer protocol)/SET (Secure Electronic Transaction protocol) vi k thut m ho quc t nh DES/RSA/SHA-1/DSA vi cc mc khc nhau (RCx/MDx - trong x c th t 15) nhm m bo tnh bo mt c nhn cho ngi s dng. Ni cch khc, TMT c coi n thun nh l ng dng ca Internet v Internet l phng tin thc thi.2. Cc c trng ca TMT - Cc bn giao dch khng tip xc, khng bit nhau t trc. - TMT c thc hin trong mt th trng khng bin gii. - C s tham ra ca t nht 3 ch th, mt bn khng th thiu l nh cung cp dch v mng v c quan chng thc. - i vi TMT mng li thng tin chnh l th trng.3. Li ch ca TMTi vi doanh nghip: - M rng th trng: Vi chi ph u t nh hn nhiu so vi thng mi truyn thng, cc cng ty c th m rng th trng, tm kim, tip cn ngi cung cp, khch hng v i tc trn khp th gii. Vic m rng mng li nh cung cp, khch hng cng cho php cc t chc c th mua vi gi thp hn v bn c nhiu sn phm hn. 3. - Gim chi ph sn xut: Gim chi ph giy t, gim chi ph chia x thng tin, chi ph in n, givn bn truyn thng.- Ci thin h thng phn phi: Gim lng hng lu kho v tr trong phn phi hng. Hthng ca hng gii thiu sn phm c thay th hoc h tr bi cc showroom trn mng,v d ngnh sn xut t (V d nh Ford Motor) tit kim c chi ph hng t USD tgim chi ph lu kho.- Vt gii hn v thi gian: Vic t ng ha cc giao dch thng qua Web v Internet giphot ng kinh doanh c thc hin 24/7/365 m khng mt thm nhiu chi ph bin i.- Sn xut hng theo yu cu: Cn c bit n di tn gi Chin lc ko, liko khch hng n vi doanh nghip bng kh nng p ng mi nhu cu ca khch hng.Mt v d thnh cng in hnh l Dell Computer Corp.- M hnh kinh doanh mi: Cc m hnh kinh doanh mi vi nhng li th v gi tr mi chokhch hng. M hnh ca Amazon.com, mua hng theo nhm hay u gi nng sn qua mngn cc sn giao dch B2B l in hnh ca nhng thnh cng ny.- Tng tc tung sn phm ra th trng: Vi li th v thng tin v kh nng phi hp giacc doanh nghip lm tng hiu qu sn xut v gim thi gian tung sn phm ra th trng.- Gim chi ph thng tin lin lc- Gim chi ph mua sm: Thng qua gim cc chi ph qun l hnh chnh (80%); gim gi muahng (5-15%)- Thng tin cp nht: Mi thng tin trn web nh sn phm, dch v, gi c... u c th ccp nht nhanh chng v kp thi.- Chi ph ng k kinh doanh: Mt s nc v khu vc khuyn khch bng cch gim hockhng thu ph ng k kinh doanh qua mng. Thc t, vic thu nu trin khai cng gp rtnhiu kh khn do c th ca Internet- Cc li ch khc: Nng cao uy tn, hnh nh doanh nghip; ci thin cht lng dchv khch hng; i tc kinh doanh mi; n gin ha v chun ha cc quy trnh giao dch;tng nng sut, gim chi ph giy t; tng kh nng tip cn thng tin v gim chi ph vnchuyn; tng s linh hot trong giao dch v hot ng kinh doanh. Li ch i vi ngi tiu dng- Vt gii hn v khng gian v thi gian: Thng mi in t cho php khch hng mua smmi ni, mi lc i vi cc ca hng trn khp th gii- Nhiu la chn v sn phm v dch v: Thng mi in t cho php ngi mua c nhiula chn hn v tip cn c nhiu nh cung cp hn.- Gi thp hn: Do thng tin thun tin, d dng v phong ph hn nn khch hng c th sosnh gi c gia cc nh cung cp thun tin hn v t tm c mc gi ph hp nht.- Giao hng nhanh hn vi cc hng ha s ha c: i vi cc sn phm s ha c nhphim, nhc, sch, phn mm.... vic giao hng c thc hin d dng thng qua Internet.- Thng tin phong ph, thun tin v cht lng cao hn: Khch hng c th d dngtm c thng tin nhanh chng v d dng thng qua cc cng c tm kim (searchengines); ng thi cc thng tin a phng tin (m thanh, hnh nh).- u gi: M hnh u gi trc tuyn ra i cho php mi ngi u c th tham gia mua vbn trn cc sn u gi v ng thi c th tm, su tm nhng mn hng mnh quan tm timi ni trn th gii. 4. -Cng ng thng mi in t: Mi trng kinh doanh thng mi in t cho php mingi tham gia c th phi hp, chia x thng tin v kinh nghim hiu qu v nhanh chng. - p ng mi nhu cu: Kh nng t ng ha cho php chp nhn cc n hng khcnhau t mi khch hng. - Thu: Trong giai on u ca thng mi in t, nhiu nc khuyn khch bngcch min thu i vi cc giao dch trn mngLi ch i vi x hi - Hot ng trc tuyn: Thng mi in t to ra mi trng lm vic, mua sm,giao dch... t xa nn gim vic i li, nhim, tai nn. - Nng cao mc sng: Nhiu hng ha, nhiu nh cung cp to p lc gim gi do khnng mua sm ca khch hng cao hn, nng cao mc sng ca mi ngi. - Li ch cho cc nc ngho: Nhng nc ngho c th tip cn vi cc sn phm, dch v tcc nc pht trin hn thng qua Internet v thng mi in t. ng thi cng c th hctp c kinh nghim, k nng... c o to qua mng. - Dch v cng c cung cp thun tin hn: Cc dch v cng cng nh y t, gio dc, ccdch v cng ca chnh ph... c thc hin qua mng vi chi ph thp hn, thun tin hn.Cp cc loi giy php qua mng, t vn y t.... l cc v d thnh cng in hnh.4. Thch thc ca TMTNhm thch thc mang tnh k thut - An ton: Vn an ton trong giao dch tip tc l vn ln i vi thng mi in t. Nhiu khch hng ngn ngi khng mun cung cp s th tn dng qua Internet - Ton vn d liu: Bo v d liu v tnh ton vn ca d liu l mt vn nghim trng. Do s xut hin ca cc virus my tnh dn n ng truyn d liu b nghn, cc tp d liu b ph hy. tin tc truy cp tri php h thng ly cp thng tin, hy hoi d liu khin cho khch hng lo lng v h thng thng mi in t. - Li lo lng v nng cp h thng (system scalability): Sau mt thi gian pht trin h thng website thng mi in t, s lng khch hng truy cp ngy mt ng s dn n tc truy cp chm li, nghn mng. Kt qu l khch hng ri b website. trnh xy ra hin tng ny, cc h thng thng mi in t thng phi nng cp h thng. duy tr mt h thng c c 70 triu truy cp trong vng hai tun m khng xy ra tc nghn cn phi trang b mt h thng phn cng v phn mm khng r.Nhm thc thc mang tnh thng mi. - Thng mi in t i hi phi u t xng ng: Kinh nghim cho thy cc cng ty thnh cng vi thng mi in t thng c u t ln cho vic xy dng h thng. Cc doanh nghip nh thng khng th cnh tranh bng gi c nht l khi tham gia th trng rng ln 5. ca thng mi in t. Trong thng mi truyn thng, vn trung thnh vi thng hiurt quan trng nhng trong thng mi in t vn ny km quan trng hn - Nhng cn b qun l, cn b nghip v, nhn vin giao dch, nhn vin vn hnh my tnhv qun tr mng i hi phi c trnh v nghip v cao hn. - Qu trnh tm kim thng tin ca khch hng trong thng mi in t khng phi hiu quv chi ph. Nhn b ngoi, cc sn giao dch in t c v nh l ni cho php ngi bn vngi mua trn ton th gii trao i thng tin m khng cn trung gian. Nu tip cn gnhn s thy xut hin mt h thng trung gian mi m bo v cht lng sn phm,nhng ngi dn xp, cc c quan chng thc m bo tnh hp php ca cc giao dch.Cc chi ph ny c tnh vo chi ph giao dch.5. Cc phng tin k thut -H thng truyn thng (truyn hnh, in thoi, my fax,...) -H thng my tnh bao gm c phn cng, phn mm. -Cc h thng thit b cng ngh thanh ton in t (Bao gm c mng gi tr gia tng); -Cc mng ni b (Intranet) v Mng ngoi b (Extranet); -Mng ton cu Internet. Cng c Internet v Website ngy cng ph bin, giao dch thngmi in t vi nc ngoi hu nh u qua Internet, cc mng ni b v ngoi b nay cngthng s dng cng ngh Internet.6. Hnh thc giao dch - Th in t (email); - Thanh ton in t (electronic payment); - Trao i d liu in t (electronic data interchange EDI); - Giao gi s ha cc d liu (digital delivery of content), tc vic mua bn, trao i cc snphm m ngi ta cn ni dung (chnh ni dung l hng ho), m khng cn ti vt manghng ho (nh: phim nh, m nhc, cc chng trnh truyn hnh, phn mm my tnh,v.v); - Bn l hng ho hu hnh (retail of tangible goods).( trao i d liu in t (di dng cc d liu c cu trc) l hnh thc ch yu).7. Cc mi quan h trong TMT 6. 8. Cc h thng thng tin qun l trong m hnh thng mi inH thng x l giao dch(Transaction Processing Systems)Gip cho t chc doanh nghip theo di cc hot ng hng ngy(giao dch).H thng thu thp v lu tr d liu giao dch, c th kim sot cc quyt nh cto ra nh mt phn trong giao dch. Dng cp tc nghipT ng ha cc hot ng thng tin lp i lp li, gia tng tc x l, tc chnhxc, t hiu sut ln hn.V d: x l cc n hng t ng(x l n hng), truy vn cc thng tin ti ccgiao dch c x lH TPS c: h TPS trc tuyn(online) ni trc tip gia ngi iu hnh TPS vi hthng TPS h thng s cho kt qu tc thi, h TPS theo l(tt c cc giao dch ctp hp li vi nhau v c x l chung mt ln.Data collectiono Should be collected at nn c thu thp ti nguno Should be recorded accurately, in a timely fashionnn c ghi chpchnh xc, mt cch kp thiData editingHiu chnh d liuData correctionchnh sa d liuData manipulationThao tc d liuData storageLu tr d liuDocument production and reportsti liu sn xut v bo co 7. .y l nhng h thng thng tin d thy nh: H thu ngn siu th, h thng bnv my bay, h thng rt tin t ng...Kin trc ca h thng x l giao dchVo Chng trnh Ra S kin kinh doanhGhi chpBo co tng hoc hoc giao dch: Ti m liu gc, nhp liu Tng hp t ng hoc bn t D liu vo cho HT Sp xp khc ng Cp nhtPhn hi cho ngi s dng Trn D liu HT x l giao dchH thng thng tin qun l(Management information system)To ra cc bo co thng xuyn hoc theo yu cu di dng tm tt v hiu quhot ng ni b ca t chc hoc hiu qu ng gp ca cc i tng giao dch(khch hng v nh cung cp).MIS phc v cho cng tc qun l (hoch nh, thc hin v kim sot).o MIS ch quan tm n hiu qu hot ng ca cc i tng trong v ngoit chc c cc bin php i x v phn b ngun lc thch hp.V d: D bo bn hng (Sales forecasting) D bo & qun l ti chnh (Financial management and forecasting) Lp lch & lp k hoch sn xut (Manufacturing planning and scheduling) Lp k hoch & qun l tn kho (Inventory management and planning 8. H thng h tr ra quyt nh(decision support system)H thng cng c lp phng n quyt nh, la chon phng n ti u, tr gip qutrnh ra quyt nh ca cc nh qun l.HTTT h tr ra quyt nh (DSS) mt h thng thng tin tng tc cung cp thngtin, cc m hnh, v cc cng c x l d liu h tr cho qu trnh ra cc quyt nhc tnh na cu trc v khng c cu trcCc thnh phn chnhCSDL: tp hp cc d liu c t chc sao cho d dng truy cp Cc m hnh c s: Cc m hnh phn tch v ton hc gii p; v d: mhnh nu th v cc dng phn tch d liu khc H thng phn mm h tr quyt nh: cho php ngi s dng can thipvo CSDL & c s m hnhV d: V d v HTTT h tr ra quyt nhAmerican Airlines La chn gi v tuyn bayCng ty vn Equico nh gi u tCng ty du ChaplinLp k hoch v d boFrito-Lay, Inc.nh gi, qung co, & khuyn mi 9. Kin trc ca h thng tr gip ra quyt nhVoChng trnh Ra- D liu X l giao tc vi Bo co hod liu v m hnh:- m hnhBo co vn bnM phng, Ti u,- nhp d liu v thaoD bo, cKt qu nh gitc d liu.lng,... Phn hi cho ngi s dng- M hnhD liu HTTT trCc m hnh thuc gip ra quyt nhHTTT tr gip ra quyt nh- Nhp d liu v thao Kho d liu kho m hnhtc vi d liu.H thng x l n t hng((Purchase order processing)) Inventory control(kim sot Hng tn kho) Invoicing(Lp ha n) Customer relationship management(Qun l quan h khch hng) Routing and scheduling(nh tuyn v lch trnh) Order entry: t hng Sales configuration( cu hnh bn hng) Shipment planning(k hoch l hng) Shipment execution(thc hin l hng) 10. H thng mua bn hng(Purchasing transaction)H thng k ton(Accounting systems):k ton thu (Account receivable), k tonchi (Account payables)H thng hoch nh ngun lc doanh nghip:(Enterprise Resource Planning)H thng hoch nh ngun lc doanh nghip (ERP) cung cp cho doanh nghip mtci nhn xuyn sut tng th hot ng cc b phn, cc nh cung cp v cc khchhng cng ty.N tch hp nhng quy trnh v d liu kinh doanh vo trong mt hthng hp nht m c th gip bn ln k hoch v qun l ti nguyn ca bn hpl.ERP to li th cnh tranh, cng nh s linh ng trong kinh doanh v l nhn t cho gp phn tr gip cho s ra i ca nhng quyt nh ng n. H thng ERPbao trm ton b nhng chc nng tng ng trong hot ng kinh doanh ca doanhnghip nh l sn xut, nhng quy trnh bn hng v ti chnh, thu mua, qun l kho,qun l d n, qun l quan h khch hng v kinh doanh thng minh.c trng ca phn mm ERP l c cu trc phn h (module). Phn mmc cu trc phn h l mt tp hp gm nhiu phn mm ring lCc phn h c bn ca mt phn mm ERP in hnh c th nh sau: K ton: Phn h ny cng c th chia thnh nhiu phn h na nh s ci, cng n phi thu, cng nphi tr, ti sn c nh, qun l tin mt, danh mc u t, v.v Cc phn h k ton l nn tng camt phn mm ERP; Mua hng; 11. Hng tn kho; Sn xut; Bn hng; Qun l nhn s v tnh lng; v, Qun l quan h vi khch hng, c ng, v cng chng. Trao i d liu in t(Electronic exchange):mt din n in t ni m cc nh sn xut, nh cung cp v khch hng mua v bn hng ha, thng tin th trngkinhdoanh v cc hot ng sau vn phng Qun tr chui cung ng(SCM - Supply Chain Management) 12. Mt chui cung ng linh hot v hiu qu chnh l con ng dn ti thnh cng cho doanh nghip. Cc doanh nghip ngay lp tc c th c hnh ng phn hi li vi nhng thay i nhanh chng nhu cu ca khch hng, ng thi vn c th m bo chi ph sn xut mc thp ti a ha li nhun . Qun l chui cung ng l s kt hp ca khoa hc v cng ngh phn mm bao trm tt c cc hot ng lin quan n chui cung ng, bao gm vic tm kim, khai thc, lu tr cc nguyn liu u vo; lp k hoch v qun l cc qui trnh sn xut, ch bin; lu kho v phn phi sn phm u ra. Vi cc gii php SCM, ngi qun l c th sp xp hp l v t ng ha cc bc lp k hoch, thc hin v cc hot ng quan trng khc. Thnh phn ca mt chui cung cp: Bao gm cc nh sn xut, nh cung ng, hng vn ti, kho bi, ngi bn l v khch hng. Cu trc ca chui cung cpQu trnh v cc lung vn chuyn9. Cc m hnh giao dch trong TMT 13. 1. M hnh giao dch doanh nghip - doanh nghip (B2B) B2B (Business to Business): c hiu n gin l Thng mi in t gia cc doanh nghip vi nhau. y l m hnh Thng mi in t gn vi mi quan h gia cc doanh nghip vi nhau. M hnh ny chim ti trn 80% doanh s Thng mi in t trn ton cu v ngy cng tr nn ph bin. M hnh ny gip h tr rt nhiu cho cc doanh nghip Vit nam trong vic kinh doanh vi cc doanh nghip nc ngoi da trn cc li ch m n em li. .( Mt trong nhng m hnh in hnh trn th gii thnh cng trong hot ng theo m hnh B2B l Alibaba.com ca Trung Quc). Gia cc doanh nghip, TMT c s dng trao i d liu, mua bn v thanh ton hng ho v dch v. Th trng B2B c hai thnh phn ch yu: h tng o v th trng o. H tng o l cu trc ca B2B ch yu bao gm nhng vn sau: - Hu cn - Vn ti, nh kho v phn phi - Cung cp cc dch v ng dng - tin hnh, my ch v qun l phn mm trn gi t mt trung tm h tr (v d Oracle v Linkshare) - Cc ngun chc nng t bn ngoi trong chu trnh thng mi in t nh my ch trang web, bo mt v gii php chm sc khch hng (v d; nh cung cp cc ngun bn ngoi nh eShare, NetSales, iXL Enterprises v Universal Access) 14. - Cc phn mm gii php u gi cho vic iu hnh v duy tr cc hnh thc u gi trn Internet (Moai Technologies and OpenSite Technologies) - Phn mm qun l ni dung cho vic h tr qun l v a ra ni dung trang Web (Interwoven v ProcureNet) Phn ln cc ng dng B2B l trong lnh vc qun l cung ng (c bit chu trnh t hng mua hng), qun l kho hng (Chu trnh qun l t hng-gi hng-vn n), qun l phn phi (c bit trong vic chuyn gia cc chng t gi hng) v qun l thanh ton (v d h thng thanh ton in t hay EPS). 11 Cc website B2B 1 http://www.ACEvn.com 2 http://www.b2btrade.biz 3 http://www.bizviet.net 4 http://www.bvom.com 5 http://www.camau.com.vn 6 http://www.e-vietnamlife.com 7 www.gophatdat.com (ti vit nam) 8 www.vatgia.com (B2B B2C)2. M hnh giao dch doanh nghip ngi tiu dng (B2C) B2C (Business to Consumer): c hiu l thng mi gia cc doanh nghip v ngi tiu dng lin quan n vic khch hng thu thp thng tin, mua cc hng ho hu hnh (nh sch, cc sn phm tiu dng...) hoc sn phm thng tin hoc hng ho v nguyn liu in t hoc ni dung s ho nh phn mm, sch in t v cc thng tin, nhn sn phm qua mng in t. 15. Hnh thc giao dch thng mi in t doanh nghip vi khch hng (Business to Customer B2C) thnhphn tham gia hot ng thng mi gm ngi bn l doanh nghip v ngi mua l ngi tiu dng.S dng trnh duyt (web browser) tm kim sn phm trn Internet. S dng gi hng(shopping cart) lu tr cc sn phm khch hng t mua.Thc hin thanh ton bng in t.y l hnh thi ln nht v sm nht ca thng mi in t. Khi ngun ca n c th k n vic bnl trn mng (e-tailing) 13 .V vy m hnh kin doanh chung ca B2C l cc cng ty bn l trn mng nhAmazon.com Drugstore.com, Beyond.com, Barnes and Noble v ToysRus.Cc ng dng chung ca loi hnh thng mi in t ny l trong cc lnh vc mua sn phm v thngtin, qun l i chnh c nhn, i km vi qun l u t c nhn v ti chnh vi vic s dng cc cngc ngn hng. (V d Quicken) 14web site Thng mi in t B2C1 http://vdcsieuthi.vnn.vn2 http://www.123mua.com.vn3 http://www.4tshop.com4 http://www.amymobile.com 5 www.vatgia.com (B2B B2C) 3. Customer to Customer (C2C) M hnh ny bao gm giao dch gia nhng khch hng. y, khch hng thc hin vic mua bn trc tip vi khch hng khc. Phng thc giao dch thng mi in t C2C din ra gia cc c nhn ngi tiu dng vi nhau, c nhn ngi tiu dng a thng tin v sn phm trn mng ngi mua xem thng tin v t mua cc phin giao dch din gia trc tip.( Mt trong nhng thnh cng vang di ca m hnh ny l trang Web u gi eBay. c thnh lp thng 9/1995, hin nay eBay l ch u gi in t ln nht th gii dnh cho vic mua bn cc sn phm cho cc khch hng ring l v cc doanh nghip nh. Trn eBay c ti 55 triu sn phm nm trong 50.000 danh mc ngnh hng vi 157 triu thnh vin trn ton th gii). 16. Giao dch khch hng ti doanh nghip C2C bao gm u gi ngc, trong khch hng l ngi iu khin giao dch.Cc website C2C 1 http://nhadat.tin24gio.com 2 http://raovat.caigi.com 3 http://www.123go.vn 4 http://www.360muaban.com 5 www.enbac.com (C2C) 6www.chodientu (C2C) 1. Cc m hnh giao dch khc- Giao dch gia doanh nghip, c nhn vi c quan chnh quyn (Business to Government- B2G).). Cc giao dch ny gm khai hi quan, np thu, bo co ti chnh v nhn cc vn bn php qui..Giao dch gia cc c nhn vi c quan chnh quyn (Custmer to Government C2G). Cc giao dch ny gm xin giy php xy dng, trc b nh t 2. Thng mi di ng (M-commerce) Thng mi di ng (Mobile commerce) l vic mua v bn hng ho v dch v qua cng ngh khng dy- chng hn nh cc thit b cm tay nh my in thoi di ng v thit b h tr s c nhn (PDAs). Cc ng dng in hnh 1. Ca hng, siu th in t 17. ni ting nht dng ny l website www.amazon.com, bn l sch, CD, ng dng phn mm, chi... qua mng. M hnh ny hot ng tng t mt siu th hay ca hng truyn thng, cho php ngi mua chn la hng ha, thay i s lng mn hng, tnh tin, thanh ton v nhn hng sau .2. u gi trc tuyn Ni n m hnh u gi trc tuyn (online auction) th www.eBay.com dn u v s ni ting. Website u gi trc tuyn m phng quy trnh bn u gi vt dng, tc ngi bn a ra gi sn (gi thp nht ban u), sau nhng ngi mua ln lt tr gi cao hn. n thi im nht nh, ai tr gi cao nht s l ngi c quyn mua mn hng.Quy trnh mua hng ti eBay.com Bc 1: ng k c vo tham gia mua hoc bn u gi Bc 2: Tm danh mc hng ho cn tham gia u gi - Tm trc tip trn danh mc c sn - Tm kim hng ho Bc 3: Tra thng tin v hng ho (m t, gi c, phng thc thanh ton, giao Bc 4: Tin hnh t u gi hoc mua hng ngay Bc 5: u gi thnh cng, tin hnh thanh ton cho mn hng chn. 18. www.eBay.com 3. Sn giao dch B2B-bn l hng ha qua mng(e-tailing)Mt sn giao dch in hnh l www.alibaba. com, l ni cc doanh nghip tham gia gii thiu v mnh, ng ti cc yu cu mua, bn, tm i tc. V l B2B nn nhng sn giao dch ny khng phc v vic bn l v thanh ton qua mng v khng cn thit. www.alibaba.com 4. M hnh chnh ph in t Chnh ph in t l cch thc qua cc Chnh ph s dng cc cng ngh mi trong hot ng lm cho ngi dn, Doanh nghip tip cn cc thng tin v dch v do Chnh ph cung cp mt cch thun tin hn, ci thin cht lng dch v v mang li cc c hi tt hn cho ngi dn, Doanh nghip trong vic tham gia vo xy dng cc th ch v tin trnh pht trin t nc.- Trc y cc c quan chnh ph cung cp dch cho dn chng ti tr s ca mnh, th nay nh vo cngngh thng tin v vin thng, cc trung tm dch v trc tuyn c thit lp, hoc l ngay trong tr sc quan chnh ph hoc gn vi dn.- Qua cc cng thng tin cho cng dn, ngi dn nhn c thng tin, c th hi p php lut, cphc v gii quyt cc vic trong cuc sng hng ngy: Chuyn quyn s dng t, cp php xy dng, 19. cp ng k kinh doanh, chng thc, v xc nhn chnh sch x him khng phi n trc ti tr scc c quan Chnh ph nh trc y.5. cc ngn hng in t(e- banking)Ngn hng in t c hiu l cc nghip v, cc sn phm dch v ngn hng truyn thng trc yc phn phi trn cc knh mi nh Internet, in thoi, mng khng dy Hin nay, ngn hng int tn ti di hai hnh thc: hnh thc ngn hng trc tuyn, ch tn ti da trn mi trng mngInternet, cung cp dch v 100% thng qua mi trng mng; v m hnh kt hp gia h thng ngnhng thng mi truyn thng v in t ho cc dch v truyn thng, tc l phn phi nhng sn phmdch v c trn nhng knh phn phi mi. Ngn hng in t ti Vit Nam ch yu pht trin theo mhnh ny.hin nay dch v ngn hng in t c cc ngn hng thng mi Vit Nam cung cp qua cc knhchnh sau y: ngn hng ti nh (home-banking, Internet-banking); ngn hng t ng qua in thoi(Phone-banking, mobile banking); ngn hng qua mng khng dy (Wireless-banking)