Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Anatomy. Thoracic Vertebrae Bodies Bodies Pedicles Pedicles Laminae...
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Transcript of Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Anatomy. Thoracic Vertebrae Bodies Bodies Pedicles Pedicles Laminae...
Thoracic and Lumbar Thoracic and Lumbar Spine AnatomySpine Anatomy
Thoracic VertebraeThoracic Vertebrae BodiesBodies PediclesPedicles LaminaeLaminae Spinous ProcessesSpinous Processes Transverse ProcessesTransverse Processes Inferior & Superior Inferior & Superior
FacetsFacets Distinguishing FeatureDistinguishing Feature
– Costal FoveaCostal Fovea T1T1 T2-T8T2-T8 T9-12T9-12
Thoracic Vertebrae and Rib Thoracic Vertebrae and Rib JunctionJunction
Functions of Functions of Thoracic SpineThoracic Spine– Costovertebral JointCostovertebral Joint– Costotransverse Costotransverse
JointJoint MotionsMotions
– All availableAll available– Flexion and Flexion and
extension limitedextension limited– T7-T12T7-T12
Lumbar Spine Lumbar Spine
BodiesBodies PediclesPedicles LaminaeLaminae Transverse ProcessTransverse Process Spinous ProcessSpinous Process Articular FacetsArticular Facets
Lumbar Spine Lumbar Spine
Thoracolumbar Thoracolumbar FasciaFascia
Lumbar SpineLumbar Spine
Iliolumbar Iliolumbar LigamentsLigaments
Functions of Functions of Lumbar SpineLumbar Spine– Resistance of Resistance of
anterior translationanterior translation– Resisting RotationResisting Rotation– Weight SupportWeight Support– MotionMotion
Intervertebral DisksIntervertebral Disks
Ratio between disk Ratio between disk thickness and thickness and vertebral body vertebral body heightheight
Disk CompositionDisk Composition– Nucleus pulposisNucleus pulposis– Annulus FibrosisAnnulus Fibrosis
Spinal LigamentsSpinal Ligaments
Anterior LongitudinalAnterior Longitudinal Posterior LongitudinalPosterior Longitudinal Ligamentum FlavumLigamentum Flavum Interspinous Interspinous
LigamentsLigaments Supraspinous Supraspinous
LigamentsLigaments Intertransverse Intertransverse
LigamentsLigaments
Spinal CurvesSpinal Curves
Posterior ViewPosterior View Sagittal ViewSagittal View
– PrimaryPrimary– SecondarySecondary
Deep Muscles of the Back Deep Muscles of the Back (Erector Spinae)(Erector Spinae)
IliocostalisIliocostalis
Iliocostalis lumborumIliocostalis lumborum Iliocostalis ThoracisIliocostalis Thoracis IliocostalisCervicisIliocostalisCervicis
Iliocostalis LumborumIliocostalis Lumborum OO
– Common tendon origin in Common tendon origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber sacrum, iliac crest, lumber vertebraevertebrae
II– Lower borders ribs 6-12Lower borders ribs 6-12
NN– Dorsal rami of spinal nervesDorsal rami of spinal nerves
FF– BilateralBilateral
Spinal extensionSpinal extension Maintenance of erect Maintenance of erect
postureposture Stabilization of spine during Stabilization of spine during
flexionflexion– UnilateralUnilateral
Lateral flexionLateral flexion Ipsilateral rotationIpsilateral rotation
Iliocostalis ThoracisIliocostalis Thoracis OO
– Upper borders rib 6-12Upper borders rib 6-12 II
– Lower borders ribs 1-6Lower borders ribs 1-6 NN
– Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal rami of spinal nervesnerves
FF– BilateralBilateral
Same as aboveSame as above– UnilateralUnilateral
Same as aboveSame as above
Iliocostalis CervicisIliocostalis Cervicis
OO– Angles ribs 1-6Angles ribs 1-6
II– C4-6 transverse C4-6 transverse
processesprocesses NN
– Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal rami of spinal nervesnerves
FF– Same as aboveSame as above
LongissimusLongissimus
Longissimus ThoracisLongissimus Thoracis Longissimus CervicisLongissimus Cervicis Longissimus CapitusLongissimus Capitus
Longissimus ThoracisLongissimus Thoracis OO
– Common tendon Common tendon origin in sacrum, origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber iliac crest, lumber vertebraevertebrae
II– T1-12 transverse T1-12 transverse
processesprocesses NN
– Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal rami of spinal nervesnerves
FF– Same as aboveSame as above
Longissimus CervicisLongissimus Cervicis
OO– T1-5 transverse T1-5 transverse
processesprocesses II
– C2-6 transverse C2-6 transverse processesprocesses
NN– Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal rami of spinal
nervesnerves FF
– Same as aboveSame as above
Longissimus CapitusLongissimus Capitus OO
– T1-5 transverse T1-5 transverse processesprocesses
– C5-7 articular processesC5-7 articular processes II
– Posterior mastoid Posterior mastoid processprocess
NN– Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal rami of spinal
nervesnerves FF
– Extends and rotates Extends and rotates headhead
Spinalis Spinalis
Spinalis ThoracisSpinalis Thoracis Spinalis Cervicis Spinalis Cervicis Spinalis CapitusSpinalis Capitus
Spinalis ThoracisSpinalis Thoracis OO
– Common tendon Common tendon origin in sacrum, origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber iliac crest, lumber vertebraevertebrae
II– T3-8 spinous T3-8 spinous
processesprocesses NN
– Dorsal rami pf spinal Dorsal rami pf spinal nervesnerves
FF– Same as aboveSame as above
Spinalis CervicisSpinalis Cervicis
OO– C6-T12 spinous C6-T12 spinous
processesprocesses II
– C2 spinous processC2 spinous process NN
– Dorsal rami of Dorsal rami of spinal nervesspinal nerves
FF– Same as aboveSame as above
Spinalis CapitisSpinalis Capitis OO
– Spinous processes of lower Spinous processes of lower cervical and upper cervical and upper thoracicthoracic
II– Between superiior and Between superiior and
inferior nuchal line on inferior nuchal line on occiputocciput
NN– Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal rami of spinal
nervesnerves FF
– Same as aboveSame as above
Transversospinal MusclesTransversospinal Muscles
Semispinalis thoracisSemispinalis thoracis Semispinalis CervicisSemispinalis Cervicis Semispinalis CapitusSemispinalis Capitus
Semispinalis ThoracisSemispinalis Thoracis
OO– T6-10 transverse T6-10 transverse
processesprocesses II
– C6 – T4 spinous C6 – T4 spinous processesprocesses
NN– Sorsal rami of spinal Sorsal rami of spinal
nervesnerves FF
– Same as aboveSame as above
Semispinalis CervicisSemispinalis Cervicis
OO– T1-T6 spinous T1-T6 spinous
processesprocesses II
– C2-5 spinous C2-5 spinous processesprocesses
NN– Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal rami of spinal
nervesnerves FF
– Same as aboveSame as above
Semispinalis CapitisSemispinalis Capitis OO
– C4-7 transverse C4-7 transverse processesprocesses
– T1-7 vertebraeT1-7 vertebrae II
– Between superior and Between superior and inferior nuchal lines of inferior nuchal lines of occiputocciput
NN– Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal rami of spinal
nervesnerves FF
– Same as aboveSame as above
MultifidusMultifidus OO
– Transverse processes Transverse processes C4-L5C4-L5
– SacrumSacrum– PSISPSIS
II– Spinous process of vert Spinous process of vert
above originabove origin NN
– Spinal nerve rootsSpinal nerve roots FF
– Extend and lateral Extend and lateral flexion of vertebral flexion of vertebral columncolumn
Quadratus LumborumQuadratus Lumborum OO
– Iliolumbar LigamentIliolumbar Ligament– Iliac crestIliac crest
II– Lower border 12Lower border 12thth rib rib– L1-L4 transverse L1-L4 transverse
processesprocesses N N
– ventral branches of T12 ventral branches of T12 and L1 to L4. and L1 to L4.
FF– Pelvis elevationPelvis elevation– Trunk extensionTrunk extension– Trunk lateral flexionTrunk lateral flexion– Pulls down rib 12 to fix Pulls down rib 12 to fix
origin of diaphragmorigin of diaphragm
RotatoresRotatores
OO– Transverse processes Transverse processes
from axis to sacrumfrom axis to sacrum II
– Laminae of vert aboveLaminae of vert above NN
– Direct branches over Direct branches over spinal nerve rootsspinal nerve roots
FF– Spine extensionSpine extension– Rotation to opposite Rotation to opposite
sideside