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![Page 1: This toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of occupational asthma.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649e005503460f94ae8cc7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
This toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of
occupational asthma
![Page 2: This toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of occupational asthma.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649e005503460f94ae8cc7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Toluene di-isocyanate (TDI)
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This pesticide is best known for its toxicity involving male
sterility
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Dibromochloropropane ((DBCP)
Re: “Da Balls Can’t Produce”
![Page 5: This toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of occupational asthma.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649e005503460f94ae8cc7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Which solvent is associated with “degreaser’s flush” and trigeminal neuralgia?
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Trichloroethylene
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This intoxicant is a NTE inhibitor resulting in a sensory-motor
neuropathy. It is linked to large outbreak of cases in 1960
Morocco but better known for its link to Ginger Jake
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Triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP)
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What is the leading cause of lung cancer behind tobacco
smoke?
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Radon
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What chemical has the smell of freshly mowed hay?
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Phosgene
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Name a metal that results in non-fibrogenic benign
pneumoconiosis with exposure
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Tin (Stannosis)
Barium (Baritosis)
Iron (siderosis)
Calcium (Chalitosis)
Molybdenum
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What chemical was this worker using that resulted in his acroosteolysis
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Vinyl chloride
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What is the most common medication associated with
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
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Nitrofurantoin
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Name the mushroom responsible for muscle
weakness 24-72 hrs after ingestion with massive CPK
elevations.
And a 25% mortality to boot!
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Tricholoma equestre
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What maternal chemical exposure may result in mental retardation and “cola-colored”
discoloration at birth?
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PCBs
(remember Pepsi-Colored Babies)
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Name the order of eliminationD
rug
Con
cen
tra
tion
Time (hrs)
Na
tura
l Lo
g (
ln)
Dru
g C
once
ntr
atio
nTime (hrs)
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1st Order Elimination
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Which metal is radiolucent on plain film radiograph?
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Copper
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Name the structure
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Succimer (DMSA)
![Page 29: This toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of occupational asthma.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649e005503460f94ae8cc7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
What chemical uses urine hippuric acid for biological monitoring during worker
exposure?
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Toluene
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What is the only organic phosphorus pesticide that possesses a significant
vapor hazard (i.e., has a high vapor pressure)?
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Dichlorvos
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Which natural toxin is responsible for amnestic
shellfish poisoning?
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Domoic acid
(think Dumb-oic acid)
![Page 35: This toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of occupational asthma.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649e005503460f94ae8cc7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
What is reported to be the most fatal plant species in North America (30-70% fatality
rate)?
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Water Hemlock
Water Gate Candidate Scandal (Water hemlock, GABA,
Cicutoxin, Seizures)
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What part of the action potential does this plant’s toxin effect?
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Nerium oleander
Digitalis – cardiac steroid
Increases resting potential and effects phase 4 of the cardiac cycle = increases automaticity
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What is the only form of poisoning caused by
bacterial contamination of the food?
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Scombroid
(Histamine poisoning)
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Scombroid
(Histamine poisoning)
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Name the plant responsible for St. Anthony’s Fire and
ergotism
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Claviceps purpurea
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Name the term for the following definition:
“The maximum concentration of a chemical to which workers may be exposed continuously for up to 15
minutes without danger to health or work efficiency and safety”
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STEL
(Short-term exposure limit)
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Which sulfonylurea is associated with SIADH and
disulfiram reactions?
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Chlorpropramide
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Which antidysrhythmic has antimuscarinic properties and
causes hypoglycemia in overdose?
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Disopyramide
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Name two intoxicants (there are at least 4) that produce
metaphyseal bands on plain-film x-ray.
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Lead (lead lines)
Yellow phosphorus
Bismuth
Hyervitaminosis D
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Name two (there are at least 5) medications linked to lupus-
like syndrome
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CHIMPChlorpropramide
HydralazineIsoniazid
MethyldopaProcainamide
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Which plant species is an inducer of CYP3A4 isozyme?
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St. John’s Wart
(Hypericum perforatum)
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Most common cause of medication-induced contact
dermatitis
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Neomycin
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What is the biomarker for benzene exposure in workers?
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Urine phenol
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Name this plant. Bonus point for the mechanism of the toxin
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Aconitum napellus
Toxin = Aconite - Na-channel
opener
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What is the only medication-induced seizure that would
likely respond to phenytoin?
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Aminopyridine
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Name one toxin or xenobiotic (there are 3) that causes biventricular ventricular tachycardia in toxicity.
Extra point if you can name two.
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Cardiac steroids (#1)
Aconitine
Halogenated hydrocarbons
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Name the antidote for the following plaint poisoning
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Physostigmine
Datura stramonium
Jimson weed, “Jamestown weed”, Devil’s apple, thronapple,
locoweed
Contains tropane alkaloids atropine, hyoscyamine,
scopolamine
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Which NSAID is linked to aplastic anemia?
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Phenylbutazone
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Name the alkylating agent that causes hemorrhagic cystitis
and has MESNA as the antidote.
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Cyclophosphamide
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Name as many xenobiotics or chemicals for which urine
alkalinization (ion trapping) enhances drug elimination
Point for each
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SalicylatesPhenobarbitalMethotrexate
ChlropropramideChlrophenoxy herbicides
Fluoride
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Name the structure
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Morphine
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Name the most lethal cnidaria, (linked to death in minutes)
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Carukia barnesi
Box jellyfish
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What chemical is associated with Silo Filler’s Disease?
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Nitric oxides (NO, NO2)
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Name as many basal ganglia toxins as you can
Point for each (up to 4 points)
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Carbon disulfide
Carbon monoxide
Manganese
Methanol
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What is the remediation level for home radon set by the EPA?
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4 pc/L
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What is the OSHA permissible exposure limit (PEL) for
benzene?
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1 ppm
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Name four poisonings for which vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) could be used as an antidote. Point
for each up to 4 points
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Isoniazid
Gyromitra esculenta
Hydrazines
Ethylene glycol
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Name this mushroom responsible for delayed renal failure.Bonus point for the toxin.
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Cortinarius orellanus
“False Chanterelle”
Orelline, orellanine
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Name two plants that contain colchicine
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Colchicum autumnale
Gloriosa superba
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Name a commonly used anticonvulsant (there are two) that binds to the same site as batrachotoxin from the poison
dart frog (Phyllobates ssp.)
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Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
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Name two animals that contain tetrodotoxin
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Puffer fish
Blue-ringed octopus
Toads of the genus Atelopus
Newts (rough-skinned, California)
Horseshoe crab
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Name the chemical implicated in neonatal gasping syndrome.
Bonus point for the year it occurred.
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Benzyl alcohol
1982
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Which nerve agent has the shortest aging half-life?
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Soman
Agent Odor Aging t½
– Sarin GB None 5 hrs– Soman GD Fruity 2 min– Tabun GA Almonds > 40 hrs– VX VX None < 40 hrs
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Which antibiotic is associated with the development of
serotonin syndrome?
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Linezolid