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This program is made possible through a collaborative community-education partnership between The Consortium for Advancements in Health & Human Services, Inc. and Kindred at Home. The primary goal of this effort is to increase public awareness and access to hospice and home health through the provision of community-based education. Contact Hours are awarded to professionals who complete this program by The Consortium for Advancements in Health & Human Services, Inc. (www.cahhs-partners.org) The Consortium for Advancements in Health and Human Services, Inc. 2014 Alzheimers and Related Disorders Dr. BC Farnham & Elizabeth Pugh, LBSW, CM Slide 2 This education program for healthcare professionals was developed by The Consortium for Advancements in Health and Human Services, Inc. (CAHHS) and is facilitated by the presenting agency via a community education partnership agreement. CAHHS is a private corporation and is solely responsible for the development, implementation and evaluation of its educational programs. There is no fee associated with receiving contact hours for participating in this program titled, Alzheimers and Related Disorders. However, participants wishing to receive contact hours must offer a signature on the sign-in sheet, attend the entire program and complete a program evaluation form. The Consortium for Advancements in Health and Human Services, Inc. is an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the Alabama State Nurses Association, an accredited approver by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. The Consortium for Advancements in Health & Human Services, Inc., is approved as a provider of continuing education in Social Work by the Alabama Board of Social Work Examiners, #0356, Expiration Date: 10/31/2016. In most states, boards providing oversight for nursing and social work recognize contact hours awarded by organizations who are approved by another state's board as a provider of continuing education. If you have questions about acceptance of contact hours awarded by our organization, please contact your specific state board to determine its requirements. Provider status will be listed on your certificate. CAHHS does not offer free replacement certificates to participants. In the event that CAHHS elects to provide a replacement certificate, there will be a $20.00 administrative fee charged to the individual who requests it. Slide 3 Learning Objective (s): Participants completing this educational program will be able to do the following: Understand and recognize the four types of Alzheimers Disease. Understand ways to communicate with a patient with Alzheimers Disease. Slide 4 Dementia vs. Normal Aging Forgetfulness due to aging or stress is NOT dementia related. Dementia is not a disease but a group of symptoms. Slide 5 Dementia Loss of intellectual functions and memory sufficient to impair activities of daily living. Occurs in Domains of Memory Language Visuospatial Skills Complex cognition Emotion and Personality Slide 6 4 Major Types Dementia: Alzheimer Type Vascular Dementia: multi-infarct Diffuse Lewy Body Dementia Picks Disease Slide 7 Dementia: Alzheimer Type 50% of all dementias Affects 4 million people Irreversible Neurofiber tangles & senile placques destroy cerebral cortex producing atrophy Average Life expectancy 3 to 10 years Slide 8 Slide 9 Slide 10 Vascular Dementia 5 10% incidence Blockages in small arteries of the brain cause a loss of circulation beyond the blocked arealead to brain cell death Causes: High blood pressure or heart disease Stepwise progression; periods of stability with sudden significant declines Slide 11 Slide 12 Diffuse Lewy Body Dementia 15% incidence Caused by protein deposits in the brain Characterized by hallucinations and difficulty with motor skills Acute/Rapid onset Life expectancy similar to Alzheimers Dementia Slide 13 Picks Disease 15% incidence Affects frontal and temporal lobes of the brain Causes personality changes, socially inappropriate behavior, amnesia, speech difficulties Younger onset, more commonly between age 40 and 60 Slide 14 Prognosis Permanent Loss of Neurons Medications, which prevent breakdown of acetylcholine, may slow progression for a period of time Slide 15 Signs and Symptoms Memory Loss short and long term Confusion Loss of reasoning and intuition Inability to learn new things Poor judgment Loss of ability to use knowledge Loss of ability to carry out motor tasks or follow directions Slide 16 Signs and Symptoms Personality changes Frustration, withdrawal, suspiciousness or restlessness Disturbance of sleep cycle Inability to perform ADLs Inability to recognize friends and family Emotional instability Slide 17 Behavioral Issues Anxiety Resistiveness to care due to inability to understand their environment and need for care Slide 18 Causes of Death Infection Impaired immune function Immobility Incontinence Skin breakdown Impaired swallowing The patient fades away Slide 19 Communication and Alzheimers Disease Slide 20 Non-Verbal Communication Caregivers should learn to read the body language of people with AD Use all senses If patient is unreceptive leave them alone for a few minutes Make nonverbal messages match your words Add positive, pleasant nonverbal behaviors Slide 21 Verbal Communication & Language Changes People with AD may: Not be able to keep up with conversation Not understand directions Have increased confusion with background noise Slide 22 Verbal Communication Tips and Techniques Use simple, short sentences Say the persons name Establish eye contact Speak clearly, calmly and repeat as needed Look for cues the person has heard you Act out the message Address the person by their given name Slide 23 Early Stages Discuss important business in the mornings Focus on one topic at a time Use specific words, names of people and objects Do not use pronouns or general language Slide 24 Middle Stages Give stimulation that can be sensed emotionally Give touch in a systematic way Stimulate smell Comb their hair Give favorite foods If the patient speaks in single words, then you should speak in single words Slide 25 Late Stages Speak warmly, quietly and with eye contact Pat or stroke their hand Touch with love SMILE Slide 26 Effective Reaction Skills Control your emotions Analyze the situation Be positive Acknowledge the patients emotions Slide 27 Use Communication Cards Print a clear message Make cards personal Read it with the patient Plan ahead Slide 28 References Special care of nursing home residents with alzheimers disease or related disorders. (n.d.). Retrieved August 17, 2010 from Florida Health Care Association website: http://www.fhca.org/ Stavitsky, K., Brickman, A. M., Scarmeas, N. Torgan, R. L., Tang, M. X., Albert, M., Brandt, J., Blacken, D., & Stern, Y. (2006). The progress on cognition, psychiatric symptoms and functional abilities in dementia with lewy bodies and alzheimers disease. Arch Neurol, 63 (10). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17030662.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17030662 Zannetti, O., Solerte, S.B., & Cantoni, F. (2009). Life expectancy in alzheimers disease. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 49. Retrieved from http://www.med.umich.edu/alzheimers/http://www.med.umich.edu/alzheimers/ Alzheimers association. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.alz.org/index.asp Slide 29 QUESTIONS??