This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl...
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Transcript of This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl...
![Page 1: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes butwith one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.
![Page 3: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes butwith one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.
![Page 4: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
This part of the carboxyl group is a carbonyl group, C=O.
![Page 5: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
This part of the carboxyl group is a hydroxyl group, –OH.
![Page 6: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The carboxyl group is often shown as -COOH, but you can see that the two oxygen atoms are not joined together.
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To name a carboxylic acid you need to know the number of carbon atoms it contains.
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To name a carboxylic acid you need to know the number of carbon atoms it contains.
![Page 9: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
This gives the first part of the carboxylic acid’s name.
![Page 10: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
A carboxylic acid is named by adding oic acid to the prefix given by its number of carbon atoms.
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The number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid is used for naming purposes.
![Page 12: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid is used for naming purposes.
![Page 13: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
But the carboxylic acid group is usually treated separately in the formula.
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More than one carboxylic acid group can be present in a compound.
![Page 15: This is ethane, an alkane. Many carboxylic acids are based on alkanes but with one of the methyl groups replaced by a carboxyl group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d48d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
If there are two carboxylic acid groups the name ends in dioic acid.
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This compound has two carbon atoms and two carboxylic acid groups, so it is ethanedioic acid.
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Ethanedioic acid is a toxic acid also called oxalic acid. It is found in rhubarb leaves.
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Ethanedioic acid is often shown like this.
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This is benzene.
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Carboxylic acid groups can be attached to benzene ring.
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This is benzenecarboxylic acid.
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However, it is usually just called benzoic acid.
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It is usual to use the skeletal formula of benzoic acid to keep things simple.