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6th Grade Social Studies: World Geography and Global Issues SS060407Unit 4: Culture Lesson 7

Graphic Organizer

Michigan Citizenship Collaborative Curriculum of 13 Oakland Schools March 19, 2013

FADS

Activities

Objects

Ideas

Styles


Big Idea Card

Big Ideas of Lesson 7, Unit 4

Cultures change through local invention and cultural diffusion.

Fads are short-lived, highly popular and widespread activities, styles, objects or ideas that usually bring about cultural change for only a short time.

Fads can be the result of local invention or cultural diffusion.



Word Cards

25fad

short-lived, highly popular and widespread activities, styles, objects or ideas

Example: Fads are often related to cultural traits such as food, hair style, clothing, and toys.

(SS060407)



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Analyzing Fads of the Past

What do you think the fad is?

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Beehive Hair

The beehive was created in 1960 by Chicago stylist Margaret Vinci Heldt. Heldt was asked by the editors of Modern Beauty Salon magazine to create a new hairdo that would spice up the world of beauty. Heldt designed the beehive by thinking about a velvet hat that she owned. The cap had beaded decorations that looked like bees, but more importantly, the tall hat didn't leave Heldt with hat hair after she wore it. Heldt wanted to create a style that maintained its shape, the way the hat maintained her hair. Thanks to that black hat, the beehive was born. The beehive was an instant success. Women were already in love with the big hair trend, thanks to the bouffant, and the longer-lasting beehive was a timesaver. Women could sleep with their hive in a scarf, smooth away the loose strands in the morning, and be ready to go. The beehive can still be seen once in a while today. It has survived some bad word of mouth. In the 1960s, a popular urban legend claimed that women with beehives were dying because spiders or other deadly bugs took up residence in the hive.

Flagpole sitting

In a time without television and radio, people often looked for means of entertainment outside of the home. The Roaring Twenties brought the fad of flagpole sitting. The flagpole sitting fad began in 1924 when a friend dared actor Alvin “Shipwreck” Kelly to sit on a flagpole. Kelly took on the dare and sat on a flagpole for 13 hours and 13 minutes. The odd spectacle set off a series of imitators who sought fame and money and a chance to beat Kelly’s record. During the next five years, flagpole sitters set records of 12 days, 17 days, and 21 days. Kelly continued sitting on flagpoles, often as paid publicity stunts. He travelled across America setting up poles and platforms for flagpole sitting demonstrations. In 1929, Kelly again broke the record for flagpole sitting in a stunt that lasted 49 days in Atlantic City, New Jersey. His record lasted only a year though. In 1930, Bill Penfield sat on a pole for 51 days and 20 hours in Strawberry Point, Iowa. He may have sat longer but a thunderstorm forced him down. By 1930, the flagpole sitting craze faded into history.

Goldfish Swallowing

On March 3, 1939, Harvard freshman Lothrop Withington, Jr., touched off a firestorm of publicity - and imitators - when he swallowed a goldfish on a $10 bet. For the next three months, students sucked down goldfish in record numbers while every authority figure from the Massachusetts State Senate to the U.S. Public Health Service tried to get them to stop. The craze slowed down after many schools threatened to expel the fish eaters, but the stunt managed to remain popular enough to ensnare the next generation. The current world record, 300 fish in one sitting, was set in 1974.

Leg Makeup

Silk stockings were a very popular fashion item for women in 1941. In that year, the U.S. government banned silk stockings after Japan cut off America's silk supply during World War II. Silk was a vital material in making parachutes and it became apparent that parachute production was more important than women's fashion needs. Women resorted to ‘do it yourself’ hosiery, rubbing liquid foundation onto their legs to simulate the color of pantyhose, then using eyebrow pencil to draw a "seam" up the back.



Phone Booth Stuffing

To college kids in 1959 the thing to do with all of your friends was phone booth stuffing. It involved getting at least ten people together and seeing how many you could get to fit into a phone booth. The door could be left open as long as half of the person was in the booth. The fad began when a South African college said it had been able to fit twenty-five students into a booth made for one, setting a "world record" that has never been defeated. This set the competition off to a start that very same spring. Before coming to North America, a group of London University students packed into one of the phone booths in their country. By early March, cramming sessions were under way on many U.S. and Canadian campuses. This fad began to expire the same year when studying for May and June finals meant that students had to concentrate on other things.

Poodle Skirts

When rock 'n' roll music exploded onto the social scene of the 1950s, dancers wanted nonrestrictive clothing that would allow them to move more freely to the beat. This unleashed one of the most memorable fashion fads of the era: the poodle skirt. The poodle skirt was a colorful, full, swingy skirt that typically hit just below the knee. It was commonly made of felt fabric and appliquéd with an image of a poodle, hence the name. Sometimes other images of the era, like 45 rpm records, dice, and musical notes, also appeared on the skirts. They were easily constructed following a simple pattern.

Sock Hops

The typical high school dance of the 1950s was an informal, school-chaperoned event at which teens removed their shoes and danced in their socks to protect the gymnasium floor. Nicknamed sock hops, these dances proved more than just a diversion for a generation of teens. A new style of rowdy pop music called rock 'n' roll, combined with the liberating freedom to remove their shoes while dancing, gave teens the inspiration to jitterbug, shake, rattle and roll in ways that went far beyond the dance moves from their parents' generation.

Drive-In Theaters

The 1950s combination of a booming American car culture and the renewed popularity of a night out to the movies resulted in the fad of drive-in theaters. It put cars and movies together. The first drive-in theater opened in June 1933 in New Jersey, but the concept didn't catch the public's fancy until the early 1950s. With cars readily available in America's prosperous postwar years, and new FM technology making it possible for theaters to send a movie's sound directly into a viewers' car radio, this was an ideal way for couples, families and groups of friends to see movies. Drive-ins appealed to a range of viewers. Some theaters charged per car, meaning a group of friends packed into one tiny car could see a movie at a good discount. Families liked the flexibility of the theatres, which often included playgrounds, and teenagers notoriously attended drive-ins for a little extra privacy on date nights. Drive-ins eventually fell out of favor as indoor theaters grew in size and variety.



Organizing Information

Fad Description When? Why?

Organizing Information – Answer Sheet



Fad Description When? Why?Beehive Hair A hairstyle created by Chicago

stylist Margaret Vinci Heldt.

It put all the hair on top of the head in a style of a hat and looked like a beehive made out of hair.

It was a style that maintained its shape.

1960 Women were already in love with the big hair trend, thanks to the bouffant, and the longer-lasting beehive was a timesaver. Women could sleep with their hive in a scarf, smooth away the loose strands in the morning, and be ready to go.

Flagpole sitting It began when a friend dared actor Alvin “Shipwreck” Kelly to sit on a flagpole. Kelly took on the dare and sat on a flagpole for 13 hours and 13 minutes.

The odd spectacle set off a series of imitators who sought fame and money and a chance to beat Kelly’s record.

By 1930, the flagpole sitting craze faded into history.

1924 People did not have television or radio and were looking for a way to entertain themselves outside of the home.

By 1930, the flagpole sitting craze faded into history.

Goldfish Swallowing

People started swallowing goldfish to set records on how many a person could swallow.

The craze slowed down after many schools threatened to expel the fish eaters, but the stunt managed to remain popular enough to ensnare the next generation.

The current world record, 300 fish in one sitting, was set in 1974.

1939 It started as a competition and a bet in college and spread.

Leg Makeup Women resorted to ‘do it yourself’ hosiery, rubbing liquid foundation onto their legs to simulate the color of pantyhose, then using eyebrow pencil to draw a "seam" up the back.

1941 In 1941, the US government banned silk stockings during World War II. It was vital in making parachutes for the war effort. Because wearing hose was still in fashion, women created leg makeup.

Phone Booth Stuffing

College kids tried to get as many people together to see how many they could get to fit into a phone booth.

The door could be left open as long as half of the person was in the booth.

1959

Began in South Africa

It developed out of a competition first started in South Africa, and then spread to London and the United States.

This fad began to expire the same year when studying for May and June finals meant that students had to concentrate on other things.

Poodle Skirts A nonrestrictive clothing style that allowed girls to move more freely to the music.

1950s They allowed girls to move more easily while dancing.



It was a colorful, full, swingy skirt that typically hit just below the knee. It was commonly made of felt fabric and appliquéd with an image of a poodle, hence the name. Sometimes other images of the era, like 45 rpm records, dice, and musical notes, also appeared on the skirts. They were easily constructed following a simple pattern.

They were easily constructed following a simple pattern.

Sock Hops An informal, school-chaperoned dance where kids took off their shoes and danced in their socks.

Combined with rock and roll music and liberating dance moves, sock hops became popular

1950s Teens removed their shoes and danced in their socks to protect the gymnasium floor.

Drive-In Theaters It put cars and movies together. People watched movies in their cars. They used the new FM technology to send a movie's sound directly into a viewers' car radio.

First opened in 1933

Caught on in the early

1950s

Technology made this possible by piping sound through the car radio.

Drive ins appealed to groups of teenagers, families and couples wanting some privacy while watching a movie.

It was an inexpensive option to watching movies and often had

playgrounds for children.



Experiment Design

Group Members: _______________________________________________________________

What should the fad be?

Why do you think this is a good choice?

How long should we run the experiment?

What percentage of students has to adopt the fad in order for the experiment to be successful?

How will you get other students to adopt the fad?


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