Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative...
Transcript of Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative...
![Page 1: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Thinking Like a ScientistNotes
![Page 2: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Assignment #6 Inferring vs. ObservationsLO: To describe the difference between observations and inferences.EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference.
LEVEL ZERO VOICECATALYST (10 minutes, individual work):
1. Draw a pictures of an atom. Label the parts. 2. Describe the structure of the atom.
AGENDA 8/27-8/28
1. Finish yesterday
2. Today’s notes
HOMEWORK
1.
![Page 3: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Assignment #6 Inferring vs. ObservationsLO: To describe the difference between observations and inferences.EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference.
GO BACK TO YESTERDAY:
FINISH YOUR NOTES AND PROCESSING TASK
AGENDA 8/27-8/28
1. Finish yesterday
2. Today’s notes
HOMEWORK
1.
![Page 4: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What the World is Made of• Anything that takes up space is
called MATTER• It makes up everything in the
world
• Matter is made of small particles called ATOMS
![Page 5: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Parts of Atoms• An atom is mostly empty
space surrounding a
tiny nucleus
• An atom is made up of:• protons
• neutrons
• electrons
![Page 6: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Nucleus• The nucleus is at the center contains most of the mass of the atom.
• The nucleus contains:• Protons: Positively-charged (+1)
• Neutrons: Neutral particles, which have no charge (0)
![Page 7: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Mass is the amount of matter in an object• How much stuff is in it
• Which has more mass? A pillow or a dictionary?
![Page 8: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Outside of the Nucleus
• Electrons- NEGATIVELY (-1) charged particles that move around the nucleus
• float in an electron cloud around the nucleus
** If the nucleus were the size of a period, the cloud would be 5 meters in diameter
![Page 9: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
How Big are these Particles?
Particle Charge Mass (g) Mass (amu)
Proton +1 1.67 X 10-24 1.007
Neutron 0 1.67 X 10-24 1.0087
Electron -1 9.11 X 10-28 0.00054
AMU – atomic mass unit
Can calculate the mass of an atom in AMU’s or grams (g)
Electrons are the smallest particles!
![Page 10: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Element: An element is a PURE SUBSTANCE made from atoms that all have the same # of PROTONS.
![Page 11: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
PROTONS
• Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons
• EX: All Aluminum atoms have 13 PROTONS
• # protons =ATOMIC NUMBER.
![Page 12: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Atomic Number – Periodic Table• Elements on the periodic table are listed in order of ATOMIC NUMBER
![Page 13: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Number of Neutrons in an Atom
• Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons
• BUT they can have different numbers of NEUTRONS
![Page 14: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Atomic Mass = #protons + #neutrons• Atomic mass is like the “weight” of the atom so you add
the neutrons and protons together•Don’t bother adding the electrons because they weigh
so little
![Page 15: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
•Atoms of the SAME element that have DIFFERENT numbers of neutrons are called ISOTOPES.
![Page 16: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Assignment #5 Matter and AtomsLO: To describe the parts and structure of an atomEQ: What is an atom made up of? What is the structure of an atom?
LEVEL ZERO VOICE
THIS IS THE PROCESSING TASK FROM WEDNESDAY SO MAKE SURE YOU DO IT IN WEDNESDAY’S PROCESSING TASK!!!
1. Make flips for atomic number, atomic mass2. Draw an atom and label the parts of an atom.
Your processing task needs at least 3 colors!Don’t forget your “I can” statement.
AGENDA 8/26
1. Quiz
2. Lecture
HOMEWORK
1. notebook check!
![Page 17: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Assignment #6 Inferring vs. ObservationsLO: To describe the difference between observations and inferences.EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference.
NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S NOTES AND TAKE THESE NOTES!!!!!!
AGENDA 8/27-8/28
1. Finish yesterday
2. Today’s notes
HOMEWORK
1.
![Page 18: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Scientific Skills• Scientists use skills such as observing,
predicting, classifying, and making models to learn more about the world and make scientific progress
![Page 19: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• Observing - Using one or more of your 5senses to gather information.
![Page 21: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
2 Kinds of Observations
1. Quantitative Observation• quantity = amount
• you can count or measure
![Page 22: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2 Kinds of Observations
1. Quantitative Observation
Example: You observe 8 new emails in your inbox.
![Page 23: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
2. Qualitative Observation• describe the quality of something (round,
blue, warm)
• that cannot be expressed in numbers
![Page 24: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
2. Qualitative Observation
Example: You observe that a bicycle is blue or that a grape tastes sour.
![Page 25: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• Inferring - To make an informed guess based on what you observe.
• NOT wild guessing.
• based on reasoning from what you already know.
![Page 26: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Inferring
Example:
Your friend does not arrive at school with her regular carpool in the morning, so you can’t hang out together before school. You see her later in the day and she looks very tired.
What can you infer from this situation?
![Page 27: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Inferring
Example:
Your friend does not arrive at school with her regular carpool in the morning, so you can’t hang out together before school. You see her later in the day and she looks very tired.
What can you infer from this situation?
Answer: she probably didn’t sleep well.
![Page 28: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Why we make models.
• Making models: Creating a representation of complex objects or processes.• Example: globe, DNA model
• Models help people study and understand things that cannot be seen directly.
![Page 29: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Example:
A globe is a model of the Earth that shows where continents, oceans and countries are. You can’t see these directly unless you are an astronaut.
Write 2 examples of your own.
![Page 30: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Scale Model
• Scale model: Shows the correct proportions between the parts.
• It can be larger or smaller than the real thing.
![Page 31: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Write this as a thought bubble next to your notes
• Give an example of a scale model that is smaller than the real thing…
• Give an example of a scale model that is larger than the real thing.
![Page 32: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
• Classifying - The process of groupingtogether items that are alike in some way.
![Page 33: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
• Example:
• In the grocery store you can find milk in the dairy section, carrots in the produce section and bread in the bakery section.
![Page 34: Thinking Like a Scientist Notes · 08/08/2015 · EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference. NOW THAT YOU HAVE FINISHED, GO BACK TO TODAY’S](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081617/60212868f5b14c22b81b4a8a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Assignment #6 Inferring vs. ObservationsLO: To describe the difference between observations and inferences.EQ: Compare and contrast: qualitative observation, quantitative observation, inference.
LEVEL ZERO VOICEPROCESSING TASK (10 minutes, individual work):
1. Write definitions for:• Qualitative observation• Quantitative observation• Inference
2. Next to the definitions draw pictures of each definition.3. I want you to write the keywords in colored marker. The definitions can be in pencil.
AGENDA 8/27-8/28
1. Finish yesterday
2. Today’s notes
HOMEWORK
1.