Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior 2e
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Transcript of Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior 2e
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Thinking About Psychology:
The Science of Mind and Behavior 2e
Charles T. Blair-Broeker
Randal M. Ernst
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Dr.Oz
• Stress soothers
• Oz Cab
• Stress and Weight Gain
• Stress Proof Your Body in 5 Steps
• De-Stress Plan
• One minute to better health (wellness challenge).
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Biopsychological Domain
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Stress and Health Chapter
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Effects of Stress
Module 12
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Stress
Module 12: Effects of Stress
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Teens & Stress
• In your group, list the three most stressful things teens deal with daily.
• List some explanations as to why these things happen and why they are stressful.
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Optimism & Pessimism
• Were your suggestions for “why these things happen” and why they are stressful (the attributions) optimistic or pessimistic?
• Optimistic thinking empowers people to seek ways to change stressful situations and pessimistic thinking sees no way out of a stressful circumstance.
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Stress
• The process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging
• Is a process of perceiving and responding
• The response is called a stress reaction.
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Stress
• Play “Emotions, Stress and Health” and “Stress: Locus of Control”
• http://www.learner.org/resources/series142.html
• Dr.Oz (stress and meditation)
• http://www.doctoroz.com/press
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Health Psychology
• A subfield of psychology that focuses on how stress affects our well being and health
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Stress:Responding to Stress
Module 12: Effects of Stress
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Responding to Stress
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Responding to Stress
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Responding to Stress
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Hans Selye (1907-1982)Sell-yay
• Psychologist who researched recurring responses to stress the he called the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
• Discovered various chemicals caused stress reactions in animals
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General Adaptation Syndrome
• Sylye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three stages– Alarm
– Resistance
– Exhaustion
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General Adaptation Syndrome
• Alarm Reaction – nervous system activated in response to stressor
• Resistance – body responds with physiological reactions to cope with the stressor
• Exhaustion – body’s resistance to stress is depleted (physical deterioration)
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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• Watch “Worried Sick” Scientific American Frontiers
• http://www.pbs.org/saf/1310/video/watchonline.htm
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Stress:Stressful Events
Module 12: Effects of Stress
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Daily Stress
• Stress can be caused by:
– Typical demands of the day
– Living situations
– Economic difficulties
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Burnout
• Physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion brought on by persistent job-related stress
• Burnout can result in:
– Depression
– Decreased performance
– Cynicism
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Significant Life Changes
• Stress can be the result of personal life changes
– Death of a loved one (risk of dying in the week after your spouse dies doubles!)
– Leaving home for college
• Can result in health problems
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Catastrophes
• Large scale stress events (i.e. earthquakes, floods, war, etc.)
• Prolonged exposure can lead to physical and psychological problems.
• 44% of Katrina-related deaths in Alabama were related to stress.
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Effects of Perceived Control
Module 12: Effects of Stress
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Perceived Control
• The sense of control or influence one has over stressful events in one’s life
• Most studies suggest the lower the perceived control the larger the potential for health-related problems
• Lower perceived control leads to a lowered immunity to disease.
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Control and Stress
• Play “Coping with Stress: Control and Predictability” (2:49) Module #22 from The Brain: Teaching Modules (2nd edition).
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Optimism
• A generally positive outlook on the future
• Optimists have stronger immune systems and recover faster from health problems.
• Opposite of pessimism
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Stress Hormones
• Hormones released in response to stress
• The body must work to rid the body of the stress hormones.
• Pessimism and perceived lack of control both produce more stress hormones.
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Stress and Disease:Cancer and Stress
Module 12: Effects of Stress
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Stress-Cancer Connection
• Evidence for a connection is not conclusive.
• Two conclusions:
– Stress does not create cancer cells.
– Stress affects the body’s malignancy- fighting ability.
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Cognition and Cancer
• Play “Cognition and the Immune System: Mind/Body Interaction” (10:20) Segment #4 from The Mind: Psychology Teaching Modules (2nd edition).
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Stress and Disease:Stress and Heart
Problems
Module 12: Effects of Stress
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Type A
• Term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone.
• More prone to heart attacks and other stress related illnesses.
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Type B
• Individuals who are easygoing, relaxed people
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The End