THIT K BI GING IN T NH TH NO

PAGE

12

THIT K BI GING IN T NH TH NO ?

A. PHN M U

I. L do chn ti

1. C s l lun:

Cc thy gio, cc c gio phi tm cch dy. Dy ci g, dy th no hc tr hiu ng, nh lu, tin b nhanh!. Lm theo li Bc dy, gio vin chng ta phi tm cch dy. Dy nh th no m trong 35-40 pht cho mt tit hc m t kt qu tt nht: gio vin ging tht t, hc sinh hc tp hng th, hiu v nh c kin thc cn bit ng thi t duy c pht trin. Nu theo cch dy trc y : Thy ging, tr ghi nh , thy ging cng hay tr ghi nh cng d. Thy kt hp gio c trc quan tt, hc sinh c nhn thy cng d hiu, d nh hn. Nhng hc sinh ch hiu v nh. Cn trong cch dy ngy nay, gio vin s dng a dng, kt hp nhun nhuyn cc phng php, cc cch t chc lp, hc sinh c trao i,thc hnh, quan st . pht hin kin thc cn bit. T pht hin tri thc th cc em s hiu r, nh lu, pht trin t duy tt, bit cch gii quyt tnh hung, c thc sng tch cc hn, ph hp vi x hi hin i hn. Lm th no gio vin gim c cng lao ng trong mi gi dy, c iu kin tng cng i thoi, tho lun vi hc sinh, qua kim sot c hc sinh. Hc sinh c thu ht, kch thch khm ph tri thc, c iu kin quan st vn , ch ng nu cu hi v nh vy m qu trnh hc tp tr nn hng th, su sc hn. C nn chng ng dng cng ngh thng tin vo ging dy, c th l thit k bi ging in t trong ging dy !

Bi ging in t l g?

Trc y, chng ta vn thng ln ln gia hai thut ng "Bi ging in t" v "Gio n in t". Gi y chng ta khng s dng thut ng "Gio n in t" nh nhiu gio vin vn thng gi m s dng thut ng "Bi ging in t" ch ni dung bi ging ca gio vin c s ho, c xy dng bng mt chng trnh phn mm v th hin trn lp vi s h tr ca my vi tnh v cc thit b k thut nghe nhn khc.

Nh vy, "Bi ging in t l mt hnh thc t chc bi ln lp m ton b k hoch hot ng dy hc u c chng trnh ho do gio vin iu khin thng qua mi trng multimedia do my vi tnh to ra.

Thit k bi ging in t chnh l thit k mt k hoch v ging dy trn my tnh bng nhng on phim minh ha vi hnh nh, m thanh sng ng, bi ging ca gio vin c th thu ht s ch v to hng th ni hc sinh. V d: Tit lch s v chin thng in Bin Ph c minh ha phim t liu v cuc chin vi n pho, bom ri, m thanh rn tri... , Tit a l v cc ngnh kinh t cng nghip, hc sinh c xem hnh nh sn xut vi nhng m thanh rn rng, tt bt nh my, x nghip. Gi hc v cc con vt, mn hnh hin ra cn cnh nhng con vt vi loi, mu sc th th v bit bao... Vi nhng hnh nh, m thanh sng ng nh th, khi phi ni l cc em hng th nh th no. Khng nhng th, ngay c gio vin cng c nhn hn trong vic truyn t kin thc.

Tuy nhin, c c mt tit hc 35 - 40 pht nh vy, ngi gio vin phi vt v gp nhiu ln so vi cch son ging truyn thng. Thc t cho thy, chun b cho mt bi ging in t t mc chun, gio vin thng phi bt u t tng bi ging ri mt n hai ba ngy thit k mi hon thnh, l cha k n vic phi thit k hnh nh cho thch hp trong bi ging. Ngoi kin thc cn bn v tin hc, s dng thnh tho phn mm PowerPoint, gio vin cn cn c nim am m tht s vi vi vic thit k vn i hi s sng to, s nhy bn, tnh thm m sn tm t liu t nhiu ngun, chn gii php cho s dng cng ngh, sau mi bt tay vo thit k. Nu s dng MS PowerPiont lm cng c chnh cn cn phi lu v Font ch, mu ch (Xanh(en)- trng, vng/) v hiu ng thch hp (hiu ng n gin, nh nhn trnh gy mt tp trung vo ni dung bi ging). Ni dung bi ging in t cn c ng, xc tch, hnh nh, cc m phng cn st ch (trong 1 slide khng nn c nhiu hnh hay nhiu ch), nhng ni dung hc sinh ghi bi cn c qui c (c th dng khung hay mu nn) s khc phc c vic ghi bi ca hc sinh; Ni dung bi ging cha nhiu lin kt nht l lin kt n h thng cu hi khc phc nhng tnh hung s phm pht sinh (nh nhc li kin thc, l ni dung hay l gi chy gio n, cc lin kt ny c th t trong slide ch), cn khai thc th mnh ca bi ging in t trong kim tra nh gi v kim chng kt qu. (Cng c bi cn hng n cc cu hi mang tnh vn dng hay cc hnh thc trc nghim). Khng lm dng cng ngh nu chng khng tc ng tch cc n qu trnh dy hc v s pht trin ca hc sinh, cng ngh m phng nu khng phn nh ng ni dung, gi tr ngh thut v thc t th khng nn s dng, Chun kin thc mc vn dng cn kt hp bng v s dng cc phng php dy hc khc mi c hiu qu.

2. C s thc tin:

Trong my nm gn y v c bit l t nm hc 2008-2009, khi B GD-T ch trng y mnh ng dng CNTT vo ging dy th phong tro son bi ging in t c gio vin hng ng mt cch tch cc v thnh phong tro si ni, rng khp. Cc thy, c gio khp mi min u quyt tm t hc, t nghin cu tip cn vi phng php son, phng php ging bng phng tin in t vi chng trnh phn mm Powerpoint.

Trong nm hc 2009 - 2010, trng tiu hc Hunh Minh Thnh c cp mt my chiu phc v dy-hc kp thi cho ma hi ging cp trng v cng t , cc bi ging in t c cc thy c gio trong nh trng th hin kh si ng (39/44 tit hi ging c dy trn my chiu). Nm hc 2010-2011 hu ht cc tit dy hi ging ca trng u c thc hin trn my chiu. C nhiu tit dy rt hp dn, thu ht c hc sinh, hc sinh rt thch c hc cc gi hc c my chiu v tnh tch cc, t gic c cc em th hin qua cc hot ng trong tit hc. Tuy th, vn cn khng t gio vin gp kh khn trong vic thit k bi ging in t.

Trn y l cc l do ct li quan trng nht trong s nhiu l do khc, n thc y ti chn: i mi vic ng CNTT trong ging dy qua vic thit k bi ging in t lm ti nghin cu ca mnh.

II. Mc ch v phng php nghin cu

1. Mc ch:

i mi vic ng dng thnh tu khoa hc tin tin, nht l ng dng cng ngh thng tin vo vic ging dy ca mnh hc sinh c c kt qu hc tp tt nht, c th l thit k bi ging in t.

Mong mun hon thin bn thn v mong mun vi vn hiu bit t i ca mnh c th lm vi i nhng kh khn ca ng nghip trong nh trng vi vic thit k bi ging in t.

2. Phng php nghin cu:

T tm hiu thng tin t sch (mua sch v t hc), t mng Intenrnet (ti mt s bi mu v nghin cu hc hi), t cc ng nghip (d gi cc gio vin trong nh trng), t cc tit dy mu ca B gio dc (xem bng).

T thc hnh thit k ri ging dy v rt kinh nghim qua tng bi dy, qua s tip thu bi ca hc sinh, qua s gp ca ng nghip, ca Ban gim hiu nh trng khi d gi dy ca mnh.

III. Gii hn ca ti

Ni dung nghin cu chnh l Thit k Bi ging in t.

B. PHN NI DUNG

I. Thc trng v nhng mu thun

1. V mt tch cc:

- V ch quan: hu ht gio vin trong nh trng u c my vi tnh, c chng ch A tin hc tr ln, c tnh ham hc hi. Nh trng c phng my vi tnh. Trong thi im hin ti, nh trng c mt my chiu, Ban gim hiu nh trng rt coi trng v ng vin gio vin thit k bi ging in t ging dy trong cc tit dy chuyn , dy hi gng cc cpNh trng c t cng ngh thng tin vi cc thnh vin nhit tnh trong cng vic, c mng Internet, c th vin ti nguyn ring ca trng vi a dng th loi t liu phc v cho vic thit k bi ging in t ca gio vin (c Website trng).

- V khch quan: Cng ngh phn mm pht trin mnh, trong cc phn mm gio dc cng t c nhng thnh tu ng k nh: b Office, Cabri, Crocodile, SketchPad/Geomaster SketchPad, Maple/Mathenatica, ChemWin, LessonEditor/VioLet h thng WWW, Elearning v cc phn mn ng gi, tin ch khc. Do s pht trin ca cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng m mi ngi u c trong tay nhiu cng c h tr cho qu trnh dy hc ni chung v phn mm thit k bi ging in t ni ring.

2. V mt bt cp:

Tuy vic thit k bi ging in t mang li rt nhiu thun li cho vic dy hc nhng trong mt mc no , th bi ging in t cng khng th h tr ngi dy hon ton trong cc bi ging ca mnh. N ch thc s hiu qu i vi mt s bi ging ch khng phi ton b chng trnh do nhiu nguyn nhn, m c th l, vi nhng bi hc c ni dung ngn, khng nhiu kin thc mi, th vic thit k theo gio n in t s tt hn cho gio vin v tt c ni dung bi hc trn mt mt giy A4 v nh vy s d dng hn l phi lt li tng slide nh khi dy trn my chiu. Mt khc, kin thc, k nng v cng ngh thng tin mt s gio vin vn cn hn ch, cha vt ngng am m v sng to, thm ch nhiu gio vin cn n trnh. Mt khc, nh trng ch c mt my chiu nn vic thit k bi ging ca mi gio vin l khng thng xuyn. V mt iu quan trng na l: thit k mt bi dy in t phi tn nhiu thi gian, u t nhiu tr tu ca ngi thit k ra n.

II. Cc bin php gii quyt vn

thit k thnh cng mt bi ging in t cn qua cc bc nh sau :

1. Cch lm:

Bc 1: Chn bi ging hay phn bi ging thch hp

Xc nh bi ging hay phn bi ging no thch hp cho vic thit k bi ging in t ty thuc c trng ca mi mn hc. Gi tn mt vi loi bi thch hp vi bi ging in t cho tt c cc mn hc l mt iu kh. Tuy nhin, theo ti, c ba im c bn quyt nh l nn thit k bi bng bi ging in t hay khng. Mt l mong mun ca gio vin t chc hot ng hc tp tch cc bng cch lin kt hnh nh vi li ni mt cch t nhin, bng cch vn dng hnh nh v ngn t c ng trn cc slide Power Point khi gi, kch thch s lin tng v tng tng ca hc sinh. (S lin tng v tng tng c th to ra nhiu cch thc suy ngh v nhiu dng hot ng hc tp). Hai l ni dung ch yu ca bi dy i hi phi m rng v cha ng mt s tng c th khai thc thnh cc tnh hung c vn . Ba l ngun t liu hnh nh phong ph lin quan n ni dung bi dy sn c (c th truy cp t Internet hay cc ngun ti nguyn t nh trng, cc ngun ti nguyn khc nh bng a ghi m, ghi hnh, phim nh v iu quan trng l tng sn c trong kinh nghim ca ngi bin son).

Bc 2: Lp dn trnh by

y l giai on quan trng nht. giai on ny, c ba ni dung ch yu m ngi thit nht thit phi lm (lp k hoch trn Word). Th nht l phn kin thc ct li s c trnh by mt cch ngn gn v c ng. Hai l cc cu hi (k c cc cu hi ca phn kim tra bi c), hot ng hc tp v bi tp hc sinh cn thc hin. Th ba l hnh nh (tnh v ng), m thanh, s , bng biu s s dng minh ha kin thc hay gip hc sinh thc hin hot ng hc tp. Thot u, gio vin miu t cc thnh phn kin thc. mi phn kin thc nu ny ra cu hi, hnh thc v ni dung hot ng no gio vin c th ghi chn vo. Vic hoch nh cc hot ng hc tp v bi tp c th lm sau khi miu t cc phn kin thc ct li hoc lm song song vi phn y. Vic xc nh v chn la hnh nh, m thanh nn thc hin ng thi vi vic thit k cc bi tp v hot ng (nn ghi r phn no a ra trnh chiu). Theo kinh nghim ca ti, dn nhp (k hoch trn Word) cng r rng th vic bin n thnh bi ging in t cng d thc hin. Ti xin trnh by cc vic cn lm cho mt dn di dng cc slide c th:

V d: Sau khi xc nh mc ch yu cu ca bi dy, GV tin hnh son nhp: Slide 1: Cc cu hi (bi tp, ) v bi c, tranh nh minh ho cho vic kim tra bi c, p n (nu cn thit); Cc cu hi hoc phn lnh cho vic kim tra s chun b bi mi nh ca HS (nu cn).

Slide 2: Cc hnh nh dng kt hp vi li gii thiu bi mi ca GV(nu cn c); tiu cho H1 ,Cu hi (hoc lnh hay bi tp, phiu giao vic, ) khai thc H ny, cc thng tin hoc hoc cc tranh nh gip HS tm hiu ni dung H1; p n cho H ny .

Slide 3: Cc hnh nh dng kt hp vi li chuyn sang H mi ca GV(nu cn c); tiu cho H2 ,Cu hi (hoc lnh hay bi tp, ) khai thc H ny, cc thng tin hoc hoc cc tranh nh gip HS tm hiu ni dung H2; p n cho H ny .

Slide 4, : Thc hin tng t nh cc Slide trn.

Slide cui l phn cng c bi dy, giao vic v nh (HD lm bi nh, ):

- Phn cng c cn a ra d kin: cng c bng hnh thc no: tr chi hay gii ch hoc tr li cc cu hi, .Nu l tr chi cn chun b sn kch bn (hnh thc n d, p n), lut chi, cch chi; nu l gii ch hoc tr li cu hi trc tip th cn chun cu hi, p n cho ch hoc cu hi a ra.

- Phn giao vic v nh (dn d): HD cho cc vic giao v nh ca HS (nu cn).

Trong lc hnh thnh dn bi dy di dng cc slide nh th ny, iu quan trng l lun lun vch ra c mi lin h hu c v ni dung gia cc slide. Nu khng ch iu ny, bi ging in t d tr thnh mt tp cc nh v ch hn l mt bi ging. Mt khc, cn ghi r trong son nhp: Khi no th trnh chiu, khi no th tt i t chc tho lun. Bi tp v nh (nu c), yu cu khc, ...Mu bo co th nghim; Kt qu cn t c: Hc sinh cn hiu bi ra sao ... ).

Bc 3: Tm t liu vn bn, t liu hnh nh, m thanh v chun b cng c bin son (thit k)

T liu c th c tm nhiu ngun khc nhau: trong kho ti nguyn nh trng; trong sch bo, tp ch ri nhp vo my tnh bng cch s dng my scanner v phn mm Adobe Photoshop; trong cc bng CD, VCD, DVD, nhp vo my tnh bng cch s dng cc phn mm ACDSee (x l nh trn CD), Herosoft 3000 (ct v lm phim), Hero Video Converter (chuyn phim *DAT thnh *MPG trc khi ct v s dng); trn Internet; trong thc t bng cch quay phim hay chp nh k thut s ri a vo my tnh; do t to bng cch s dng phn mm Flash (to hnh nh ng), CorelDraw. Ngoi ra, mt s phn mm chuyn dng cho mi mn hc cng phi c tnh n. V d nh: MathType (son tho vn bn Ton hc), hay phn mm v cch bin son trc nghim '2005 Summer Professional', Violet, ...Trong qu trnh su tp t liu hnh nh, m thanh, iu quan trng nht l vic xc nh mc ch hc tp ca tng hnh nh hoc ng liu vn bn m chng ta nh a vo cc slide. Ngha l gio vin cn hnh dung ra nhng bin php - hot ng gip HS khai thc ni dung cc t liu y thao cch gip cc em suy ngh khm ph kin thc mi hoc luyn tp thc hnh k nng hc tp. Tuyt i trnh li ph din hnh nh n thun. Mt khc, mt s t liu hnh nh, m thanh no ca bi dy c th c thit k thnh mt hot ng chun b bi ca hc sinh. V phng din ny, hc sinh s c yu cu tm chn hnh nh minh ho cho mt kha cnh ni dung trong bi hc hoc cn suy ngh v gii quyt mt vn m gio vin khi gi ra t nhng hnh nh no . Mt iu lu l hnh nh v m thanh a vo bi ging nht thit ph hp vi mc tiu hc tp m hc sinh cn t, hng n trng tm kin thc ca bi. Vic lm dng hoc s thiu chn lc hnh nh, m thanh trong khi bin son s gy nhiu cho qu trnh lnh hi kin thc ca hc sinh. Cui cng, chng ta nn ngh n vic lu tr v t chc h thng t liu c th s dng chng lu di v cho vic thit k nhng bi dy khc v sau.

Bc 4: Thit k bi ging in t

y l mt hot ng i hi nhiu k thut s dng my tnh, c bit l phn mm Power Point. Sau y, ti xin nu mt s mo c th thit k mt bi ging in t nhanh v hiu qu.

- Son mt Slide ni dung tht hon chnh v mi mt: cc Place holder, Textbox, cc Animation ty (hiu ng), cc Font ch v c ch, mu nn, mu Sau copy ton b Slide ny cho cc trang sau, ch cn thay i phn Text ni dung, tt c cc ty chn s c gi nguyn, khng cn chn li.

- Ci t cc ng dn c bit (lin kt) cho cc cu hi c th linh hot khi t cu hi hoc trnh by minh ho cho bi ging. Lc cn, chng ta c th t quyt nh c trnh chiu hay khng trnh chiu, t cu hi hay khng t cu hi, ty tng i tng hc sinh, khng cn phi ph din ht trn bi ging.

- t cc hnh nh, m thanh trn cc chng trnh song song, khng cn ct chn vo bi ging, khi m bi ging ta c th m ng thi cc chng trnh ny. Thao tc chn thng mt nhiu thi gian v gy nhiu bin ng cho bi ging khi chp i chp li. Lu file gio n di dng Slide Show trnh mt thi gian khi phi m t u v chn Slide Show cho tng bi ging. Trnh chiu xem th (xem ht mt lt, ch no khng va thi ghi chp li sau khi xem ht s chnh sa li nhm trnh cc li ca cc lin kt gia cc Slide).

CCH LM:

1. SON VN BN BI GING TRN TRNH WORD

- Vn bn bi ging hiu theo ngha l nhng ni dung kin thc s c trnh chiu trong gi dy (Knh ch).

- Da vo ni dung kin thc , HS c th ghi bi c trong khi nghe ging v xem trnh chiu.

- Cn phn chia r tng phn vn bn s a vo cc Slide tng ng.

- Mi Slide khng nn cha nhiu ni dung kin thc .

- Nhng cn ch th hin trn vn mt ni dung kin thc trn mi Slide.

- Cn cn nhc phn vn bn s a vo cc Slide c chn hnh nh, khi chn hnh nh c thun li.

2. CHUYN CC PHN VN BN VO CC SLIDE

- M vn bn bi ging Word. ng thi m trnh PowerPoint.

- Copy phn vn bn s a vo Slide tng ng.

- M trnh PowerPoint a vn bn vo Slide.

- Ch :

+ Cch to Slide mi: Insert \ New slide .

+ Cch to Slide hon ton ging Slide trc : Insert \ Duplicate Slide.

3. TO NN CC SLIDE

C nhiu cch to nn Slide theo s thch ca ngi thit k. Sau y l cc cch thng dng:

- S dng mu c sn ca ppt: Format \ Slide Design.

- S dng bng mu: Mode Colors.

- S dng cc hnh nn lu trong my tnh.

Nu s dng cc hnh nn lu trong my tnh, ta cn ch chn mu cho Text Box v cc hnh ph hp. Tt nht nn ly cc hnh nn c lm sn cho ppt. Nu l nh cn dng Photoshop chnh sa cho ph hp mu sc.

4. CCH CHN MT ON VIDEO VO SLIDE

- Insert \ Movies and Sounds \ Movie From File \ Chn Video lu trong my tnh.

- Sau khi xut hin on Video cn chn trn Slide, Click Automatically on Video t chy khi Slide c trnh chiu.

- Cn chnh rng ca Video v a n v v tr ph hp trn Slide.

- Cn ch t l chiu rng, chiu cao ca Video khi trnh chiu hnh nh khng b mo m.

MT S LU KHI CHN VIDEO VO SLIDE

- PowerPoint ch h tr chn Video c nh dng (.mpg).

- chn cc video nh dng Flash, my tnh ca ta cn ci t phn mm h tr chn Flash vo PowerPoint.

- Phn mm h tr ny l Swiff Point Player, ta c th chia s cng ng nghip hoc vo Internet ti v.

- Sau khi ci t phn mm h tr chn Flash, trn trnh Insert s xut hin Flash Movie.

- Khi , mun chn cc on Video c nh dng Flash, ta thc hin: Insert \ Flash Movie \ (Chn Video lu trong my tnh ) Click Automatically.

- chn on Video c nh dng flv, cn chuyn i Video sang nh dng Flash hoc mpg.

Phn mm chuyn i d s dng v c hiu qu l Total Video Converter.Ta cng c th chia s cng ng nghip hoc vo Internet ti v.

5. CHN M THANH VO SLIDE

- Insert \ Movies and Sounds \ Sound From File \ (Chn m thanh lu trong my tnh) Click Automatically.

- Khi c m thanh, trn slide xut hin hnh chic loa.

- Nu mun giu hnh chic loa(khi trnh chiu) th: Click chut phi vo hnh chic loa\ Edit Sound Object\ Chn Hide souns icon during Slide Show\ OK.

- Nu m thanh c nh dng mp3 th tt, nu m thanh l nh dng (.wav), ta li dng Total Video Converter chuyn i. (Mc ch chuyn i nh dng m thanh l gim dung lng m thanh v cng chnh l gim dung lng bi ging ca ta.)

6. TO HIU NG CHO CC I TNG TRONG MI SLIDE

- Chn i tng cn to hiu ng.

- Nu i tng l ch, chn bng cch bi en; nu l cng thc, hnh nh, Video th chn bng cch Click i tng xut hin khung bao quanh.

- Vo trnh Slide Show trong cc bng chn trn mn hnh \ Chn trnh n Custom Animation.

- Khi xut hin mt bng bn phi mn hnh. Click Add Effect \ Entrance \ Entrance, s xut hin bng cc hiu ng xut hin ca i tng.

- Nu mun chn cc hiu ng khc vi cc hiu ng c sn trong bng , ta tm n dng cui danh sch hiu ng, chn Mode Effects.

-Lu : Trong cc hiu ng ca Add Effect Entrance = hiu ng xut hin Emphasis = hiu ng tn ti Exit = hiu ng thot (Mt i) ca cc i tng. Motion Paths = hiu ng hng di chuyn ca cc i tng. Ta la chn hiu ng thch hp cho i tng ri Click vo.

7. TO HIU NG CHUYN SLIDE

- Slide Show\ Slide Transitio \ Chn hiu ng trong Apply to Selected Slides.

- C th t thi gian t ng chuyn Slide, cch lm nh sau:

* Trong mc Advance Slide, bng bn phi mn hnh: Click Automatically after \ in thi gian cn thit vo pha di.

- Lu : Trong mt Slide khng nn chn nhiu hiu ng khc nhau cho cc i tng v cng khng nn chn cc hiu ng qu phc tp v va tn thi gian cho khu thit k v cng c th gy ri mt hc sinh.

8. KIM TRA KT QU

- kim tra kt qu ton bn bi, nhn F5 trn bn phm. kim tra trang ang lm nhn tr chut vo biu tng my chiu gc di bn tri mn hnh, hoc nhn Slide Show gc di bn phi mn hnh ang lm).

- Cc biu tng nm bn tri biu tng my chiu ni trn l ch hin th cc Slides m ta thit k c.

- Khi ang kim tra, nu cn chnh sa ni dung no, ta nhn phm Esc trn bn phm dng trnh chiu, chn Slides c ni dung cn chnh sa sa.

Bc 5: ng gi bi thit k

- y l mt vic lm kh n gin nn nhiu ng nghip b qua bc ny v dn n d khc d ci khi bt tay vo dy (v mt s lin kt my ny th c nhng sang my khc li khng c l chuyn bnh thng). V vy, khi hon chnh bi ging, ta cn a chng v chung mt th mc dng

(Gm: bi PowerPiont, cc on VideoClip, cc bi ht, cc on bng ghi m, c dng thit k trong bi ging.).

- Copy th mc vo a ri mang n lp dy, ti m bo vi cc thy c tt c mi t liu vi cc lin kt cc thy c lm lun nh.

CCH LM:

- M File cha bi ging thit k xong. Vo File\ Package for CD \ Coppy to Folder \ Browse. Bng Choose hin ra mc nh lu kt qu ng gi bi ging vo My Documents. Nu ng , ta Click Cancel.

- Trong bng Copy to Folder, ta Click OK v i my chy hon tt vic ng gi bi ging. Nu khi Click OK m my khng nhn lnh, l do trong th mc nh lu ng gi bi ging ny c File trng tn vi n, ta ch vic thm vo tn ca File cn lu mt k t bt k hoc t mt tn khc.

- Khi my chy xong, Click Close thot.

- Kt qu bi ging ng gi ca ta c tn mc nh l th mc PresentationCD. Ta nn i tn v chuyn v th mc lu tr cho thun li khi s dng.

MT S LU

- Sau khi ng gi bi ging, ta c th xut ra File trnh chiu dng (*.pps), l dng c thun li khi trnh chiu hoc chia s vi ng nghip.

- Cch lm: M File cha bi ging thit k \ File \ Save As. Trong bng Save As, mc Save as type, Click PowerPoint Show (*.pps) \ Save.

2. Phn minh ha:

Trc ht l xc nh bi ging hay phn bi ging no thch hp cho vic thit k bi ging in t ty thuc c trng ca mi mn hc. Trn c s chia nh ni dung kin thc bi dy thnh cc hot ng theo trnh t iu khin tit dy. Son bi dy trn gio n bnh thng (son nhp), da vo mc tiu ca bi dy v trnh t ni dung kin thc cn truyn t, cc phng php cn s dng cho tit dy .

Son nhp:

V d: Bi dy vi:

+ H1 : -KT bi c :

* Hy nu tnh cht ca nhm v hp kim ca nhm?

* Nhm v hp kim ca nhm dng lm g?

* Khi s dng dng bng nhm cn lu nhng g

- Gii thiu tranh, nh v cc hang ng vi m mnh su tm c. (KT s chun b nh ca HS).

-Gii thiu vo bi mi (c km theo tranh vi).

+H2 : Mt s vng ni vi ca nc ta

* Quan st hnh minh ha trang 54 SGK, c tn cc vng ni vi . (Tranh SGK)

* Em cn bit vng no ca nc ta c nhiu vi v ni vi? (Tranh cc hang ng vi trn mi min t quc)

Kt lun: nc ta c nhiu vng ni vi, nhiu loi vi nhng hang ng.

+H3 : Tnh cht ca vi

Th nghim 1: C xt 2 hn vo nhau. Quan st ch c xt ca mi hn v nhn xt. (Hinh2 SGK, vi, c cui (mi th vi 5 cc)

Kt lun: vi mm hn cui.

Th nghim 2: Ly gim trong l, nh vi git vo mi hn dng th nghim 1. Quan st v m t hin tng xy ra !

* Qua hai th nghim trn, em thy vi c tnh cht g? ( vi, 1 cui th nghim 1, a-xt long (a-xt bnh) 5 l nh)

Kt lun: vi khng cng lm. di tc dng ca a-xt th vi b si bt.

+H4 : ch li ca vi

* vi c dng lm g? (tranh, nh trong SGK; tranh, nh s tm ca hc sinh, ca thy v cc tc dng ca vi trong i sng v trong sn xut)

Kt lun: vi dng lt ng, xy nh, nung vi, sn xut xi mng, lm phn vit bng, tc tng,

+H5 : Kim tra nhn bit ca HS v vi (Cng c)

* Mun bit mt hn c phi l vi hay khng, em lm th no?

Mun bit mt hn c phi l vi hay khng, em c th c xt n vo mt hn khc hoc nh vi git gim hoc a-xt long.

Da trn mc tiu v phng php th hin mi hot ng, gio vin cn la chn cch th hin trn my, cch tin hnh t chc trn lp. Tm , chn phn mm thch hp, cc t liu phc v bi dy t kho ti nguyn nh trng hoc t cc ngun khc thc hin. Tin hnh thit k trn my tnh (chuyn ni dung cn trnh chiu vo tng Slide): Cn tin hnh thit k t H1 n Hn, s dng ti a cc phn mm, phn cng, cc ti nguyn nh vn bn, hnh nh, m hnh, m thanh, phim . . .m mnh chun b). Quy nh cch thc v tin trnh th hin cho tng hot ng, chu khi tin hnh m bo chnh xc ph hp ng lc, ng ch thi gian cho hc sinh quan st, t duy, v ghi bi v hnh, trnh vic trnh chiu kt qu trc bi sau, ni dung kin thc khng ng trnh t lgc theo kt cu ca bi hc. Trnh chiu iu khin th nu sai cha hp l cn quay li cc bc trn sa cha v hon thin. ng gi sn phm ( bi ging ) gm : Bi ging in t v cc phn mm ng dng dng cho thit k bi dy, hoc ti nguyn m thanh hnh nh ng, phim, vn bn,

III. Hiu qu p dng

T khi ti i hc thay sch theo chng trnh ging dy mi, ti thy c cc thy c b mn trnh chiu cc bi ging in t trn my chiu, ti ao c mnh s thit k c t nht l mt bi ging in t v chnh mnh dy bi ging . thc hin m c ca mnh, ti tm n cc ng nghip bit thit k bi ging in t hc hi, ti tm v mua sch thit k PowerPoint v xem v ti ti mt s bi mu t mng Internet v nghin cu, thc hnh: ti copy ra mt Folders mi sau g tung n ra, ri lm li, i chiu vi bn gc, rt ra bi hc cho mnh v ri ti t lm c. L ng nhin, ti phi mt rt nhiu m mi thnh cng.

Bng cch lm trn, vi bn thn ti vic thit k mt bi dy hay thit k phn h tr cho mt bi dy c ng dng cng nh thng tin by gi khng cn l chuyn kh khn na. Cng t kinh nghim ny, ti v ang gip c nhiu ng nghip trong vic hng dn ng nghip thit k bi ging in t v c nhng ng nghip t thit k rt thnh cng cc tit dy c ng dng cng ngh thng tin. V bn thn, ti vinh d c nh trng chn tham d hi thi Thit k bi ging c ng dng cng ngh thng tin cp huyn v ti gi bi thit k ca mnh v hi thi.

C. KT LUN

I. ngha ca ti i vi cng tc

Vic thit k bi ging in t v ging dy trn my tnh tr nn sinh ng hn, tit kim c nhiu thi gian hn so vi cch dy theo phng php truyn thng, ch cn bm chut, vi giy sau trn mn hnh hin ra ngay ni dung ca bi ging vi nhng hnh nh, m thanh sng ng thu ht c s ch v to hng th ni hc sinh. Thng qua bi ging in t, gio vin cng c nhiu thi gian t cc cu hi gi m to iu kin cho hc sinh hot ng nhiu hn trong gi hc. Nhng kh nng mi m v u vit ny ca cng ngh thng tin ni chung v bi ging in t ni ring nhanh chng lm thay i cch sng, cch lm vic, cch hc tp, cch t duy v quan trng hn c l cch ra quyt nh ca con ngi. Mt bi ging in t vi s kt hp ca nhng hnh nh vedeo, camera vi m thanh, vn bn, biu c trnh by qua my chiu theo kch bn vch sn nhm t hiu qu ti a qua mt qu trnh hc a gic quan. Mt khc, vic thit k cc bi ging in t trong dy hc l nng cao mt bc c bn cht lng hc tp cho hc sinh, to ra mt mi trng gio dc mang tnh tng tc cao ch khng n thun ch l thy c, tr chp nh kiu truyn thng, hc sinh c khuyn khch v to iu kin ch ng tm kim tri thc, sp xp hp l qu trnh t hc tp, t rn luyn ca bn thn mnh mang tnh khoa hc, ph hp vi thi hin i.

Tuy th, thit k mt bi ging in t tn km hn rt nhiu ln son ging bnh thng, k c v thi gian, cng sc, tr tu, ca thy c gio.

II. Bi hc kinh nghim, hng pht trin

1. Bi hc kinh nghim:

Khi thit k thit k mt bi ging in t ngoi cc bc tin hnh nh ti nu trn, cc thy c cn lu : Cng nh khi vit bng, tn bi hc, cc mc v cc trng tm phi c gi li tt c cc slide. Tuy nhin, nhng slide trnh by cc cu hi tho lun, cc v d, bi tp ... gio vin c th linh hot b qua phn . Mt iu cn lu na trong khi thit k bi ging in t l nn ht sc thn trng trong vic chn la Font ch theo quy nh (Times New Roman), mu ch, c ch (thng thng chn 28 l va), mu nn ca Slide v cc hiu ng. Bt k mt s lm dng hoc s dng khng thch hp cng c th tr thnh "mt con su" ph hng "cy gio n" ca chng ta. Nhiu gio vin qu lm dng vo vic chy ch trn mn hnh trong khi c th s dng bng hnh thc vit bng hoc ni. Mu ch trong bi phi ph hp theo tn bi, tiu , nhn mnh... Mt iu chc chn na l gio vin sau khi thit k xong bi dy ca mnh phi thuc Kch bn m mnh xy dng. V iu cui cng ti mun ni vi cc thy c gio l c mt bi dy bng bi ging in t t yu cu c v dy v hc th iu quan trng nht vn l tng ca ngi gio vin, v kch bn m ngi gio vin xy dng m khng ai khc c th lm h. Vi cc bi ging in t c sn trn mng khi ti v, ngi dy nu khng nghin cu k lng s khng nhn ra c ht n d ( tng truyn t) ca ngi thit k v nh vy, tit dy s khng t c iu m ngi dy mong mun. Cn phn lm trn my vi tnh ch l mt cng on c th nh c v nu c thy c gio no cha mt ln thit k trnh din th ti xin ni tht: ch cn quan st v lm cng ngi lm h mnh 1 n 2 bi ging in t l c th t mnh lm c.

2. Hng pht trin:

Trng ta hin c my chiu, c t cng ngh thng tin, c Website vi mt kho ti nguyn t liu phc v cho son ging, vi s khch l ca Ban gim hiu nh trng, s ng h nhit tnh ca Ban chp hnh cng on trng, vi yu cu i mi phng php dy hc v vi s cn thit phi a cng ngh thng tin vo ging dy, cc thy c nn c k hoch thit k bi ging in t v ng k tit dy vi bi ging nhiu hn na trong thi gian ti. V nu nh trong thi gian ti, mi lp c mt my chiu th chc chn cc bi ging in t ca thy c s cng c ng dng tch cc hn ch khng ch dng li trong cc tit dy chuyn , kim tra ni b hay hi ging nh hin nay. V khi vic ng dng cng ngh thng tin vo vic ging dy l l tt nhin m mi gio vin chng ta phi lm.

Hin nay, mi ngy thi i tin thm mt bc mi, cng ngh thng tin lan ta khp mi vng min, mi gio vin nn c nhng kin thc c bn v thit k bi ging cho mnh hc sinh ca chng ta theo kp thi i.

Vi kinh nghim ca mnh, ti s ra sc gip cc ng nghip trong nh trng, chia s vi bn b v kinh nghim v thit k bi ging in t nhm nng cao cht lng ging dy trong nh trng.

III. xut

Trong thi gian ti nh trng cn c nhiu hn na cc t bi dng tin hc ng dng cho gio vin trong nh tng nht l vic bi dng thit k bi ging in t v nn thng xuyn c nhng cuc thi thit k bi ging in t to thm iu kin cho gio vin nng cao tay ngh trong son ging v tng thm ngun ti nguyn t liu gio dc cho nh trng.

Mi nm phng gio dc huyn nh nn t chc thi thit k bi dy c ng dng cng ngh thng tin mt ln cho gio vin trong huyn tham gia.

Trn y l vn kinh nghim s phm t i trong thit k v thc dy vi bi ging in t ca mnh trong thi gian qua. Ti rt mong c s ng gp kin ca lnh o ngnh, ca cc bn ng nghip.

Ti xin chn thnh cm n !

Phc Bu, ngy 20.02.2011

Xc nhn ca Hi ng khoa hc trng Ngi vit

.

.

.

Trnh ng Ninh

EMBED PBrush

PAGE