Thesis Additions

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Mitchell et al (2008) suggested that quarries could minimise the production of quarry dust by recogfiguring the crushers settings to those that produce the least fines, howeverthis can adversly affect the optimum shape of crushed aggregates which could ultimately leadto a reduction in the workability of concrete. Therefore the concrete industry must investigatealternatives to utilise both current and future stockpiles of quarry waste.Utilising quarry dust by partially replacing sand within a concrete mix can combat theaformentioned economical and environmental detriments. Research appearing in theTransportation Research Record, Mineral Aggregates dating as far back as 1997 by Petrarca and Galdiero, investigated the feasibility of using recycled crushedaggregates in concrete which returned positive results. Comprehensive studies conducted at the Eeastern mediteranian university in 1996 by Celik and Marar, investigated the feasibility of partially replacing natural sand with quarry dust.They concluded that it was in fact viable by proving that concrete strength increased with levels ofsand replacement upward of 10% in terms of compressive and flexural strength. Studieselaborating on the foundations put forth by Celik and Marar in 1996 by xx and xx similarly concludedthat partially replacing sand with quarry dust did in fact produce positive results.In summary,tThe need for crushed aggregate is forever prevalent due to expanding developmentsand construction. As a result the production of quarry waste biproduct is unavoidable and willcontinue to grow at an exponential level, roughly 20-35% of the unprocessed rock weight. Stockpiling leads to increased production costs and negative impacts towards the environment.Utilising this waste through partially replacing sand in concrete mix can increasethe efficiency of the quarry indistry in terms ofboth environmental and economical sustainability.