Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) solutions providing ...
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Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) solutions providing outstanding long-term aging properties for cable applications
O. Henze and O. Mühren
Providence, 16.10.2018
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16.10.2018
Results for non-flame retardant TPU3
Suitable TPU materials2
Results for flame retardant TPU4
Requirements for automotive cables1
O. Henze IWCS2
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There are many commercial TPU materials available.TPU in daily life
Automotive Film, tubes and profiles
Electro Shoe Sports and leisure
Miscellaneous
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TPU for cable applications
Flexibility over a wide temperature range (-40 to 125°C)
High impact strength at low temperatures
High elasticity/resilience
Flexural fatigue strength
High abrasion resistance
High tear and tear propagation strength
Resistance to microbes, UV radiation, ozone
Good to very good resistance to atmospheric corrosion
Good resistance to oil, grease and solvents
Processing with standard machines
Optional flame retardancy
Halogen free, RohS, IMDS, Reach
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Automotive cable applicationsRequirements for aging and hydrolytic stability
ISO 6722“Dimensions, test methods and requirements for copper conductor cables.”
LV 112“Electrical cables for motor vehicles.”
UL 1581 “Reference standard for electrical wires, cables, and flexible cords.”
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ISO 6722 Temperature classes C and D
After the aging – “Mandrel test” - wind a cable around a mandrel with roughly the diameter of the cable. No cracks or deformations, stickiness or excessive color changes allowed.
Requirement is equivalent to about 50% absolute elongation at break tested on standard test rods.
3000h Class C Class D
240h Class C Class D
6h Class C Class D
125°C 150°C 175°C 200°C
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LV 112Hydrolytic resistance at 85°C@85% r.h.
Original: Damp heat at 85°C@85% r.h. for 1000h
Now: Damp heat at 85°C@85% r.h. for 3000h
After the storage in wet hot air – “Mandrel test” - wind a cable around a mandrel with roughly the diameter of the cable. No cracks or deformations, stickiness or excessive color changes allowed.
Requirement is equivalent to about 50% absolute elongation at break tested on standard test rods.
16.10.2018 O. Henze IWCS7
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Results for non-flame retardant TPU3
Suitable TPU materials2
Results for flame retardant TPU4
Requirements for automotive cables1
16.10.2018 O. Henze IWCS8
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TPU chemistry
O = C = N - R - N = C = O + HO - R‘ - OH
O = C = N - R - N - C _
HO
Diisocyanat Diol
Urethan
O - R‘ - OH
Linear PolymerAddition reaction without byproducts.
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TPU building blocks
soft segment
Polyol
PolyetherPolyester Polycarbonat...
Chain extender
1,2-Ethylenglycol1,4-ButandiolHQEE…
Isocyanate
HDI MDIH12MDI...
Many raw material combinations possible.
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Materials
16.10.2018
TPU Soft phase Hard phase FR package ShoreA hardness
TPU B polyether MDI-B14 85TPU D new polyol* MDI-B14 90TPU A new polyol* new hard phase* 90TPU A new polyol* new hard phase* FR 1 95TPU A new polyol* new hard phase* FR 3 96
* Patent pending.
O. Henze IWCS11
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16.10.2018
Results for non-flame retardant TPU3
Suitable TPU materials2
Results for flame retardant TPU4
Requirements for automotive cables1
O. Henze IWCS12
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TPU B Polyether based material – hard phase MDI/B14Temperature class C
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TPU B Polyether based material – hard phase MDI/B14Temperature class D
16.10.2018
MDI-B14 hard phase @200°C and 175°C: creep and melting.
O. Henze IWCS14
Fast degradation @150°C.
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Oxidative stability
16.10.2018
Oxidative degradation of the polyether.
Followed by cross-linking.
I. Schulz, University of Hamburg, BASF internal presentation Nov. 2016.D. K. Chattopadhyay et al, Progress in Polymer Science, 34 (10).
O. Henze IWCS15
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TPU D New polyol – hard phase MDI/B14Temperature class D
01.10.201816
New polyol - slow degradation @150°C.
MDI-B14 hard phase @200°C and 175°C: creep and melting.
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TPU A New polyol and new hard phaseTemperature class D
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New polyol - slow degradation @150°C.
New hard phase - no melting or creep @200°C and 175°C.
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16.10.2018
Results for non-flame retardant TPU3
Suitable TPU materials2
Results for flame retardant TPU4
Requirements for automotive cables1
O. Henze IWCS18
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TPU A (new) and TPU B (polyether)Rate of heat release
16.10.2018
(ISO 5660-1, 100x100x5mm samples burned with 35kW/m2)O. Henze IWCS19
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TPU A, TPU A-FR1, and TPU A-FR3Mechanical performance
O. Henze IWCS16.10.201820
TPU A-FR1 A-FR3 A
Tensile strength DIN 53504-S2 [MPa] 24 30 49
Elongation at break DIN 53504-S2 [%] 550 590 540
Density DIN EN ISO 1183-1-A [g/cm3] 1,29 1,25 1,22
Tear strength DIN ISO 34-1Bb [N/mm] 96 97 97
Hardness DIN 53505 [Shore A] 95 96 90
Abrasion DIN ISO 4649-A [mm3] 60 52 48
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TPUB, TPU A, TPU A-FR1, and TPU A-FR3Rate of heat release
16.10.2018 (ISO 5660-1, 100x100x5mm samples burned with 35kW/m2)O. Henze IWCS21
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TPU A and TPU A-FR3Video of cone test
O. Henze IWCS16.10.201822
TPU A TPU A-FR3
(ISO 5660-1, 100x100x5mm samples burned with 35kW/m2)
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TPU A-FR3New polyol - new hard phase – FR3 packageTemperature class D
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TPU A-FR1New polyol - new hard phase – FR1 packageTemperature class D
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Summary
16.10.2018
• Common polyether based TPU are suitable for temperature class C.
• New developed TPU materials are suitable for temperature class D.
• New flame-retardant TPU materials are suitable for temperature class D.
There are more results in the paper including the aging results according to UL 1581.
O. Henze IWCS25
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