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SUBJECT:SUPPORT AND REACTION

NAME:PATEL YASH

ENROLLMENT NO:140950119060

SEM:3 BATCH:MECHB2

ITM UNIVERSE

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The 0th Law (discovered 4th) The 1st Law (discovered 2nd) The 2nd Law (discovered 1st) The 3rd Law (discovered 3rd)

The four laws of Thermodynamics

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If: ◦ Objects A and B are the same temperature◦ Objects B and C are the same temperature

Then:◦ Objects A and C are the same temperature

◦ Just the transitive property of mathematics.

The 0th Law

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The total sum of all energy in an isolated system will never increase or decrease.

“Law of conservation of energy.”

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transfer forms.

1st Law of Thermodynamics

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If two objects are not the same temperature then:

Heat will always flow from high to low temperatures.oHot object will decrease in temperature andcold object will increase in temperatureuntil they are both the same temperature.

2nd Law of Therm.

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Entropy is randomness, i.e., disorder, spread out,

lack of structure, messiness, etc.Entropy must increase (unless controlled by an

intelligence). Means that:Machines cannot be 100% efficient.Heat flows from hot to cold.

Examples: What happens to these if left alone?

a.) A stack of lumber in the forest.b.)Your bedroom.

2nd Law of Therm.

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“S” is for “Entropy”S = Q/T

Internal Energy / Temperature (absolute) Joule/Kelvin

New Idea

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“Absolute zero” is a state of zero motion.◦This means absolutely no entropy.

◦So it can’t be reached.

3rd law of Thermodynamics

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Newton’s laws work equally well forwards and backwards.

Momentum, SHM, equal and opposite reactions, all of these principles are reversible.

The increase in entropy isn’t. An increase in disorder is the only way to tell forwards from backwards.

Entropy as “Time’s Arrow”

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States where energy is not spread out evenly will evolve into states where energy is spread out more evenly.

Chemistry people? What is Gibbs Energy?

Restatement of 2nd law

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The human body is a good example of “low entropy”.

Think about how much matter (food) has made unusable to develop one and maintain it.

Think about a city, and then think about how much waste it produces.

Large scale entropy

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“Absolute zero” is a state of zero motion.◦ This means absolutely no entropy.◦ So it can’t be reached.

3rd law of Thermodynamics

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