Thermal Power Plants in B.T.P.S

8/8/2019 Thermal Power Plants in B.T.P.S

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NAME TANMOY BARIK

ROLL NO EE.07.j.036


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y Mechanical department

y Electrical department

y Civil department

y process control &instrumentationdepartment

y Coal handling department

y Maintenance departmenty Accounts department

y Sales department etc.


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NO ofUnits ..

Commissoned Capacity(MW)

Present(MW)

UNIT 1 4.9.65 87.5 60UNIT 2 18.10.65 87.5 60

UNIT 3 17.02.66 87.5 60

UNIT 4 3.8.66 87.5 60

UNIT 5 8.10.82 210.5 210.5


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y

WagonTippler .y Vibrator & pulley .

y Conveyer Belt .

y Magnetic Separator .

y Screen .

y Crusher .

y Hopper .

y

Boom Stacker .y PROCESS

6A>>7A>>SR1>>CR1>>8A>>11A>>12A>> UnitNo.5

y ESP ..


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GENERATION

y Generator.

y

Excitor .y Enclosed bush duct .

y Generator transformer .

y Auxiliarytransformer .

y Circuit breaker .y Highvoltage switchyard

installation fortransmission

y Currenttransformer .

y

Potential transformer .y Groundingtransformer .

y Lightningarrestor .

y Automatic Voltage

regulator .y Protection device &

control equipment .

PROTECTION&CONTROL


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y The unit protection scheme has been developed forisolatingthe unit in case of emergency condition ..

y

The protection is achieved through following ..y UNIT LOCK OUT RELAY (U.L.R)

y TURBINE LOCK OUT RELAY (T.L.R)

y GENERATOR LOCK OUT RELAY (G.L.R)

y MASTER FUEL RELAY (M.F.R)


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SF 6 OCB ACB

Voltage

level

138 KV 145 KV 145 KV

Currentlevel

1600 A 1600 A 1600 A

Fault level 10000 MVA 7000 MVA 7000 MVA Mediumarc SF 6 OIL AIR


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y P.C.I is themost indispensable section & integral partof B.T.P.S . The four basic parameters usuallymeasuredin plants which are

y

PRESSURE .y TEMPERATURE .

y FLOW.

y LABEL .


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y RTD -The resistanceofan RTDvaries directly

with temperatureincreases, resistance

increases.y THERMOCOUPLES -it

will cause an electriccurrentto flow inthe

attached circuitwhensubjected to changes intemperature difference .


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y Bellows-Type DetectorsThe need for a pressuresensing elementthatwas

extremely sensitive tolow pressures .

y Bourdontube -consistsofathin-walled tube that

is flattened diametricallyonopposite sides toproduce a cross-sectionalarea elliptical in shape .


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y

Pressure head method - The differential pressure (P)detectormethod of liquid level measurementuses a Pdetector connected tothe bottomofthe tank beingmonitored. The higher pressure, caused bythe fluid inthe tank, is compared toa lower reference pressure(usuallyatmospheric).


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y Differential Flow Transmitter - Orifice plates ,venturi tube , dall flow tube .

y Electromagnetic flow meter -As the fluidflows through thismagnetic field, an electromotiveforce is induced in itthatmay be measured with theaid of electrodes attached tothe pipe and connected toagalvanometeror an equivalent. For agivenmagnetic

field, the inducedvoltage will be proportional totheaveragevelocityofthe fluid. However, the fluid shouldhave some degreeof electrical conductivity.


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y Plain Tube Economizer .y Grilled Tube Economizer .

y Evaporator: In the evaporator or the boiler proper,there is a phase change by absorbing the latent

heat of vaporization at that pressure.y Air Pre-heater : The flue gases comingoutofthe

economizerare used to preheatthe air beforesupplying ittothe combustion chamber.

y Reheater : Power plant furnacesmay have a re-heatersection containingtubes heated by hot flue gasesoutside the tubes. Exhaust steam fromthe highpressure turbine is rerouted togo inside the re-heater

tubes to pickupmore energy .


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y Superheater:As thesteam is conditioned bythe drying equipment

inside the drum, it ispiped fromthe upperdrumarea intoanelaborate set up oftubing in differentareasofthe boiler. These areasknownas Superheaterand re-heater.


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y

Deaerator:A deaerator is a device that is widely usedfor the removal ofair and other dissolved gases fromthe feed-water to steamgenerating boilers .

y There are two basic types of deaerators, the tray-type

and the spray-type:y Boiler :Boiler is a closedvessel inwhich water orother fluid is heated. The heated orvaporized fluidexits the boiler for use invarious processes or heating

applications. Boilers can be classified intothefollowing :Water tube boiler , Fire tube boiler ..


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y

The FD fan pushatmospheric air throughthe air preheater, damper,

various air ducts, andburners into the furnace,and the ID fan sucks outthe flue gasses through thesuperheaters, reheaters,economizer, gas-side air

preheater and dustcollectors and dischargeinto the stack.


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y STEAM TURBINES ARE OF TWO TYPES

y 1. Impulse turbine

y 2. Reactionturbine


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y It is six stage horizontal pump of barrel casing design.Itsucks water from Deaerator storage tank and feed ittothe economizer inlet either through HP Heaters or bypassing HP Heaters one or both .


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y FEED WATER CYCLE :

y Hotwell >> Air Ejector >> Gland steam exhaust >> LPheater 5 >> LP heater 4 >>Dearator >>Boiler feed

pump >> HP heater 2 >> HP heater 1 >>Economiser>>Boiler drum ..

y STEAM W ATER CYCLE :

y Primary super heater >> secondary super heater

>>Main steam stopvalve >> Steam chest >> Highpressure governor >> HP turbine >> Primary reheater>> Secondary reheater >>IP turbine >>LP turbine >>Condenser ..


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y Large amountof land is usedtodispose flyash fromthe coalbased plants

y Due tothis there is change innatural soil properties. Itbecomesmore alkaline due tothe alkaline natureof flyash.


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Thermal Power Plants in B.T.P.S

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