Thermal Imaging Cameras. Terminal Objective The students will be able to properly use various types...

Thermal Imaging Thermal Imaging CamerasCameras

Terminal ObjectiveTerminal Objective

The students will be able to properly The students will be able to properly use various types of TICs, while use various types of TICs, while identifying advantages and identifying advantages and disadvantages of it’s use. The disadvantages of it’s use. The students will also be able to apply students will also be able to apply these procedures to use in the field.these procedures to use in the field.

Enabling ObjectivesEnabling Objectives

Examine and properly use the Scott Examine and properly use the Scott Eagle Imager II.Eagle Imager II.

Examine and properly use the Scott Examine and properly use the Scott Eagle 160.Eagle 160.

Examine and properly use the Examine and properly use the Talisman.Talisman.

Examine and properly use the Examine and properly use the Bullard.Bullard.

Enabling ObjectivesEnabling Objectives

The student will be able to The student will be able to understand the importance of correct understand the importance of correct use and how to transmit images to use and how to transmit images to the Command Post.the Command Post.

The students will also review The students will also review proposed document NFPA 1801 proposed document NFPA 1801 Standard on Thermal Imagers for the Standard on Thermal Imagers for the Fire Service.Fire Service.

PurposePurpose

Provide efficiency and confidence in Provide efficiency and confidence in individuals using TICs whether at individuals using TICs whether at training or in the field.training or in the field.

Real Life SavesReal Life Saves

October 19, 1999October 19, 1999 Franklin, IN.Franklin, IN. Flames were shooting out the front Flames were shooting out the front

windows, while black smoke filled the windows, while black smoke filled the structure.structure.

Two year old child still inside.Two year old child still inside.


Firefighters entered with TIC and Firefighters entered with TIC and within minutes located the heat within minutes located the heat signature of the child lying face down signature of the child lying face down in the hallway outside of his in the hallway outside of his bedroom.bedroom.

Child was barely breathing when Child was barely breathing when extricated.extricated.

Bullard TIC.Bullard TIC.


April 26, 2001April 26, 2001 New JerseyNew Jersey Crews forced entry into two story Crews forced entry into two story

wood frame structure.wood frame structure. Structure fire, smoke from top-to-Structure fire, smoke from top-to-

bottom, and flames in master bottom, and flames in master bedroom.bedroom.


Crews took Bullard TIC in to search, Crews took Bullard TIC in to search, cluttered house, entered bedroom, cluttered house, entered bedroom, and did sweep of bed and found and did sweep of bed and found nothing. Found one victim on the top nothing. Found one victim on the top bunk and extricated.bunk and extricated.

Using the TIC, FF’s noticed an arm of Using the TIC, FF’s noticed an arm of 7 year old child on bottom bunk. 7 7 year old child on bottom bunk. 7 y/o was lying on top on 5 y/o child. y/o was lying on top on 5 y/o child. All in respiratory arrest.All in respiratory arrest.


3 children saved, 1 elderly lady 3 children saved, 1 elderly lady escaped and 3 people died.escaped and 3 people died.

TIC’s are very valuable, when we TIC’s are very valuable, when we know how to use them.know how to use them.

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801

Proposed Document: Standard on Proposed Document: Standard on Thermal Imagers for the Fire Service Thermal Imagers for the Fire Service 2010 Edition.2010 Edition.

Scope:Scope: This standard shall specify the design, This standard shall specify the design,

performance, testing, and certification performance, testing, and certification requirements for thermal imagers used requirements for thermal imagers used for fire service.for fire service.

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801

Purpose:Purpose: Minimum requirements.Minimum requirements.

Definitions:Definitions: Battery Indicator- Displays power status Battery Indicator- Displays power status

of battery.of battery. Display- Screen.Display- Screen. Field of View- The area that is visible Field of View- The area that is visible

through an optical instrument.through an optical instrument.

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801

Definitions:Definitions: Image Colorization- The application of Image Colorization- The application of

color to the otherwise grayscale image color to the otherwise grayscale image to denote specific areas of concern.to denote specific areas of concern.

Luminance- A photometric measure of Luminance- A photometric measure of the amount of light that passes through the amount of light that passes through or is emitted from a particular area.or is emitted from a particular area.

Resolution- The degree of sharpness of a Resolution- The degree of sharpness of a detected or displayed image. Resolution detected or displayed image. Resolution is expressed as a matrix of dots.is expressed as a matrix of dots.

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801

Definitions:Definitions: Standby Mode- Power save mode.Standby Mode- Power save mode. White-Hot Polarity- Grayscale image White-Hot Polarity- Grayscale image

based on the fact that the warmest based on the fact that the warmest object is the whitest object.object is the whitest object.

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801

Certification:Certification: Should be recertified every 5 years by Should be recertified every 5 years by

manufacturer.manufacturer. Design Requirements:Design Requirements:

Should be designed for not less than Should be designed for not less than 50,000 cycles.50,000 cycles.

Switch on with single gloved hand.Switch on with single gloved hand.

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801

Design:Design: Power button “Green”.Power button “Green”.

Turn On- 1 secondTurn On- 1 second Turn Off- must hold for at least 3 seconds Turn Off- must hold for at least 3 seconds

and not more than 5 seconds.and not more than 5 seconds. TI Basic Operational FormatTI Basic Operational Format

Grey scale imagery with white-hot polarity.Grey scale imagery with white-hot polarity. Power supply statusPower supply status Internal electronics overheat indicatorInternal electronics overheat indicator Thermal imager-on indicatorThermal imager-on indicator

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801

Design:Design: TI Basic continued (Optional)TI Basic continued (Optional)

Heat indicating colorHeat indicating color Temperature barTemperature bar

TI Basic PlusTI Basic Plus Switch for Plus to BasicSwitch for Plus to Basic Provide all required in BasicProvide all required in Basic

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801

Design:Design: 3 vertical sections3 vertical sections

Left- Additional Info. AreaLeft- Additional Info. Area Center- Alarm and Operational IndicatorsCenter- Alarm and Operational Indicators Right- Temperature Sensing IndicatorsRight- Temperature Sensing Indicators

Test conducted for water proof.Test conducted for water proof. Must withstand 500 degrees for 5 Must withstand 500 degrees for 5

minutes.minutes.

Any Questions?Any Questions?

Scott Eagle Imager IIScott Eagle Imager II


Looks at temperature differences Looks at temperature differences (infrared radiation) rather than visible (infrared radiation) rather than visible light.light. Can recognize differences + or - .5 degrees.Can recognize differences + or - .5 degrees. Cooler objects appear as darker images Cooler objects appear as darker images

while warmer objects appear on the display while warmer objects appear on the display screen as lighter.screen as lighter.

The images will appear sharper when The images will appear sharper when viewing objects with a greater viewing objects with a greater temperature differential.temperature differential.


CharacteristicsCharacteristics Housing is water resistant.Housing is water resistant. Vibration and impact resistant.Vibration and impact resistant. Housing will support the weight of a 300 Housing will support the weight of a 300

LBS. person crawling.LBS. person crawling. Sensitivity DistanceSensitivity Distance

Focus on objects 3 feet to infinity.Focus on objects 3 feet to infinity. Thermal images detected up to 600 Thermal images detected up to 600

feet.feet.


Color PaletteColor Palette Images can display in three ways:Images can display in three ways:

Grey monochrome image- black/cool to Grey monochrome image- black/cool to white/hot.white/hot.

Autumn- dark red/cool to bright Autumn- dark red/cool to bright yellow/hot.yellow/hot.

Color- blue/cool to bright yellow/hot.Color- blue/cool to bright yellow/hot. Do not point directly at sun at all or Do not point directly at sun at all or

heat sources in excess of 1500 F for heat sources in excess of 1500 F for extended time period.extended time period.


TransmitterTransmitter 4 channels4 channels

Burn building uses channel 2.Burn building uses channel 2.


Radiometry- Degree read out F or C. Radiometry- Degree read out F or C. Min. 32 F.Min. 32 F.

Infotherm- provides a special Infotherm- provides a special combination Grey monochrome/color combination Grey monochrome/color display where objects in excess of display where objects in excess of 450 F appear as shades of red in an 450 F appear as shades of red in an otherwise Monochrome image.otherwise Monochrome image.


On-screen display provides On-screen display provides information:information: Battery lifeBattery life Internal temperatureInternal temperature Menu optionsMenu options


Battery LifeBattery Life Rechargeable Nickel-Metal Hydride Rechargeable Nickel-Metal Hydride

battery capable of powering the unit for battery capable of powering the unit for approximately one hour with the use of approximately one hour with the use of transmitter, slightly longer without transmitter, slightly longer without transmitter.transmitter.

Battery Level appears in upper right Battery Level appears in upper right hand corner. White = Full, Black = Lowhand corner. White = Full, Black = Low


Battery LifeBattery Life The low battery icon will appear near The low battery icon will appear near

the center of the display screen when the center of the display screen when the battery requires charging. Triangle the battery requires charging. Triangle with empty battery inside.with empty battery inside.

When appears user has approximately 5 When appears user has approximately 5 to 10 minutes of life remaining.to 10 minutes of life remaining.


Internal TemperatureInternal Temperature Operates with 158 F internal core Operates with 158 F internal core

temperature.temperature. Will alert the user with a flashing Will alert the user with a flashing

temperature warning icon. temperature warning icon. Yellow Triangle with !Yellow Triangle with !

!


Menu optionsMenu options To review menu, press and hold control To review menu, press and hold control

buttons.buttons. Press once to scroll, press and hold to Press once to scroll, press and hold to

assign.assign. Once assigned, press control button to Once assigned, press control button to

turn on/off.turn on/off.

Scott Eagle 160Scott Eagle 160


Very similar to Scott Eagle Imager.Very similar to Scott Eagle Imager. Major differences:Major differences:

Battery Life = approximately 3 ½ hours, Battery Life = approximately 3 ½ hours, 2 hours if transmitting.2 hours if transmitting.

LOW BAT will show when 20% is left.LOW BAT will show when 20% is left. Operates in upper and lower Operates in upper and lower

temperature rangestemperature ranges EI will show in upper left corner for EI will show in upper left corner for

temperatures above 200 F.temperatures above 200 F. Temperatures above 1000F will appear red.Temperatures above 1000F will appear red.


Differences:Differences: Handle positionHandle position

Can change to three positions for different Can change to three positions for different angles.angles.

Control buttonsControl buttons Right- On, off, and standbyRight- On, off, and standby Left- TransmitLeft- Transmit


VideoVideo

TalismanTalisman

TalismanTalisman

Similar to ScottsSimilar to Scotts Major differencesMajor differences

Battery LifeBattery Life 4.85 hours4.85 hours Low Battery appears when 8-15 minutes are left.Low Battery appears when 8-15 minutes are left.

Control ButtonsControl Buttons Turn on/off with red button on bottom.Turn on/off with red button on bottom. Button on left turn transmitter on/offButton on left turn transmitter on/off Button on right zoom 2X.Button on right zoom 2X. Button on top will convert reflections.Button on top will convert reflections.

Use crosshairs to detect temperatureUse crosshairs to detect temperature

TalismanTalisman

Use of TICUse of TIC

Not for night vision.Not for night vision. Will not see through wallsWill not see through walls

Will see temperature differences in the Will see temperature differences in the wall.wall.

Standing in Classroom 2, I could not see Standing in Classroom 2, I could not see students on the other side of the curtain students on the other side of the curtain in classroom 1.in classroom 1.

Glass, water, painted metal door and Glass, water, painted metal door and surfaces similar can reflect infrared surfaces similar can reflect infrared waves and not detect behind.waves and not detect behind.


Must practice with in order to master.Must practice with in order to master. Do not rely on, use as a tool in your Do not rely on, use as a tool in your

toolbox.toolbox. Emissivity ValuesEmissivity Values

Steel, brass, copper, and aluminum can Steel, brass, copper, and aluminum can vary accuracy.vary accuracy.

Actual temperature for steel can be Actual temperature for steel can be 500C but TIC read over a 1000C.500C but TIC read over a 1000C.


Extremely dense smoke can obscure Extremely dense smoke can obscure some heat sources or high some heat sources or high temperature objects by absorbing temperature objects by absorbing the infrared energy from the objects.the infrared energy from the objects.

Heated smoke or a layer of heated Heated smoke or a layer of heated gases can obscure the presence of gases can obscure the presence of heat sources or high temperature heat sources or high temperature objects by creating a uniform objects by creating a uniform temperature image.temperature image.


Occasionally wipe dirt and soot off Occasionally wipe dirt and soot off lens. May obscure or reduce the lens. May obscure or reduce the clarity of the thermal image.clarity of the thermal image. Should be cleaned after each use.Should be cleaned after each use.

Training with TransmitterTraining with Transmitter

While conducting Live Fire Drills, the While conducting Live Fire Drills, the FA will always verify that each FA will always verify that each camera is transmitting properly to camera is transmitting properly to the command center. the command center. Familiarize yourself with the channel Familiarize yourself with the channel

and control button that manages the and control button that manages the transmitting.transmitting.

This procedure allows for an This procedure allows for an additional set of eyes and allows for additional set of eyes and allows for the evolution to be recorded. the evolution to be recorded.

SummarySummary

NFPA 1801NFPA 1801 Scott Eagle Imager IIScott Eagle Imager II Scott Eagle 160Scott Eagle 160 TalismanTalisman Use of TICUse of TIC

Thermal Imaging Cameras. Terminal Objective The students will be able to properly use various types...

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