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SCRIPTURAL TEXT

EXPOSITION

SUMMARY

TAKE THE CHALLENGE

REFLECTION

Work remains a good thing, not only because it is

useful and enjoyable, but also because it expressesand increases the worker's dignity. Through work we

not only transform the world, we are transformed 

ourselves, becoming "more a human being."  

Laborem Exercens, #9

OBJECTIVES

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LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, the students areable to:

1. explain what gives human work dignity

2. identify the two elements of work

3. differentiate labor from capital

4. define alienation

5. enumerate the 4 types of alienation

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The basic truth is . . .

The person has DIGNITY!

created by God in his own image

to live life to the full

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This results in. . .

RATIONALITY CREATIVITY 

Purposeful actions Abilities and

capacities

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Again. . .

The person as

IMAGE OF GOD

RATIONALITY capacity for self-

determination

CREATIVITY make something

for something

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Person uses his

creativity

Product goes back to the workersPerson is able

to express hisuniqueness 

and freedom

Other people share their

abilities and capacities

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Person uses his

creativity

Product goes back to the workersPerson is able to

satisfy his needsand others’

needs too 

Person is

fulfilled!

Other people share their

abilities and capacities

fulfilled!

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“work for” 

“work with” 

a vision of becoming a

certain kind of individual

(one’s expression of hisor her self-actualization)

other people for the

attainment of thecommon good

(mutual satisfaction

of their needs)

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“work for” 

“work with” 

SELF-FULFILLMENT

PARTICIPATION in the

COMMON GOOD

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BUSINESS

OWNER

Person is alienated!

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Person is alienated from oneself 

The person’s

uniqueness and

freedom are not

reflected in the

product

The person’s

creativity and

rationality are not

reflected in the

product

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A carpenter can build beautiful houses but he has no

decent house

A farmer can plant rice but he goes hungry

A teacher can teach in a good school but he cannot

afford to send his children to a good school 

Person is alienated from the product

Person can use his creativity for

others but cannot use it for himself 

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Person is alienated from the PRODUCTIVE process

The person’s uniqueness and freedom are limited by

the PRODUCTION process  (e.g. job descriptions) 

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Person is alienated from the PRODUCTIVE process

The person is only a part of the whole experience of 

the mechanical production process 

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Person is alienated from the PRODUCTIVE process

The person is a

COG in the machine 

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Person is alienated from others

The person “works with” the technical means of 

production 

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Person is alienated from others

The person “works for” pre-imposed job descriptions

and claimers of produce 

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Person is alienated from others

Other human beings are seen as competitors instead

as collaborators

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BUSINESS

OWNER

Person is alienated from others

Can enjoy the

luxuries of life 

Can only afford

the basic needs 

Exploited!

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Subjective

Objective

Labor has priority over capital..

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Objective dimension

The instruments of work 

The fruit of one’s work  

How does the product

of work express the

person’s uniqueness? 

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The person as the basis orsubject of work 

 “does he experience acertain level of fulfillment inworking?”  

What happens to the

person working?

Subjective dimension

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Subjective Objective

Externalization orobjectification of the

person’s nature (hiscapacities andabilities)

Other people admirethis painting

Their need foraesthetics has been

satisfied

Da Vinci is affirmedbecause his

creativity has beenrecognized

He is an artist(functional)

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The Mona Lisa is Da Vinci’s masterpiece 

When you say Da Vinci, you remember the Mona Lisa

When you see the Mona Lisa, you think of Da Vinci

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Subjective

Objective

“BEING” 

“HAVING” 

You cannot “be” unless you first “have.” 

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Think critically:

• What makes

unemployment a great

immorality?

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CAUSE:

The person doing it has dignity

To develop one’s potentials and

express one’s uniqueness, thereby

experiencing self-actualization

PURPOSE: 

References

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How would you rank them?

VCA driver

custodial engineer dean

La Salle Brother security officerattendance checker college professor

secretary guidance counselor

 

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What is your basis?

“The basis for determining the value of human

work is not primarily the kind of work being

done but the fact that the one who is doing it

is a person. The sources of the dignity of workare to be sought primarily in the subjective 

dimension, not in the objective one.“ 

Laborem Exercens, 6

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What is your basis?

The value of work is not measured on

the kind of work, but on the person

who does the work

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References: