The  Challenges  of  Social  Inclusion    

Prof.  Jeffrey  Sachs  Director  of  the  SDSN      

 SDSN  Thema<c  Group  on  Social  Inclusion:  Gender,  Inequali<es,  and  Human  Rights  

 Beijing  Normal  University  

May  17,  2014  

     Theories  of  Social  Jus0ce    Virtue  Ethics  (Buddha,  Aristotle,  Confucius)  Golden  Rule  (Religion)  Duty  Ethics  (Kant)    -­‐  Veil  of  Ignorance  (Rawls)  

U<litarianism  (Bentham)  Human  Rights,  Basic  Needs,  Capabili<es  (Sen)    

JOHN  STUART  MILL  

THE  PURSUIT  OF  HAPPINESS    Subjec<ve  Wellbeing      affec<ve,  evalua<ve  

 Sources  of  Evalua<ve  Wellbeing      Income,  Rank,  Reputa<on,  Health,    Virtues,  Psychology,  Social  Support,    Governance,  Experience  

SOURCES  OF  INEQUALITY  

Human  differences  (Social  Darwinism)  Marginal  Produc<vity  (Neoclassical)    E.g.  returns  to  educa<on    

Market  Failures  (Welfare  Economics)  Discrimina<on:    Gender,  Race,  Ethnicity,  Indigenous  

Urban-­‐Rural  (Kuznets  Curve)  Poli<cal  Power  (Marx  and  beyond)