The World War I Era On The Home Front Financing The War: Liberty Bonds U.S. economy not prepared...
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The World War I Era On The Home Front
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Transcript of The World War I Era On The Home Front Financing The War: Liberty Bonds U.S. economy not prepared...
The World War I Era
On The Home Front
Financing The War: Liberty Bonds
U.S. economy not prepared for a war
Government issued bonds
Redeemed in the future for face value plus interest
Bonds Advertisements raised $20 billion
Boy & Girl scouts
Artists drew posters
Actors &actresses - public service announcements
Managing The Economy:New Agencies/Boards
War Industries Board
Over-saw all war-related production
Distributed raw materials, directed manufacturing & set prices
War Trade Board
Licensed foreign trade & punished firms for dealing with the enemy
National Labor Board
Settled labor disputes
War Labor Policies Board
Set standard wages, hours & working conditions
Regulation of Food & Fuel
Lever Food & Fuel Control Act - 1917
Gov’t regulated production & consumption of food & fuel
Food Administration worked to increase agricultural output & establish price controls
Rationing was implemented
Instituted gasless days
Created daylight savings
Enforcing Loyalty
Censorship
Censorship of the press & banned certain publications
Committee of Public Information created in order to rally war support
Fear of foreigners & terrorism led to restrictions on immigration
General hostility towards Germans:
German composers and musicians banned from playing
Hamburger renamed the Liberty Sandwich
Some Germans were assaulted and lynched
Repressing Civil Liberties
• Espionage Act - 1917
• Illegal to interfere with the draft
• Sedition Act – 1918
• Illegal to obstruct the sale of Liberty Bonds
• Illegal to say anything disloyal, profane or abusive about gov’t, constitution & military
Social Change in the U.S
Restrictions on immigration & the draft depleted the labor pool
500K Af.Amer. moved from southern states to northern factories
Opportunities for women
400K women joined the workforce
Prohibition was passed in 1917
Outlawed the manufacturing, sale, transportation & consumption of alcohol in the United States
Alcohol required wheat and grain, which was needed to support the war effort.
THE END
Home FrontEnforcing Loyalty
The Gov’t censored the press & banned certain publications
Restrictions on immigration
Espionage Act(1917) - illegal to interfere with the draft
Sedition Act(1918) - illegal to discuss anything disloyal, profane or abusive about the government, constitution & the military
Financing the War Gov’t issued bonds to support the
war effort
Bonds purchased could be redeemed in the future for face value plus interest
Managing the Economy
The private sector converted to war production
New Agencies: War Industries Board War Trade Board National Labor Board War Labor Policies Board
Rationing was implemented, Instituted gasless days
Changing People’s Lives About 400K women joined the
workforce
500K Af. Americans moved from southern states to northern factories
Prohibition was passed in 1917
