1

The

Wolfes

Of

Cork City

2

The Wolfes of Cork City – an overview with some family notes (as of April, 2012) This is a draft based on the information available at time of writing. Additional information may become available and the interpretation of any information may subsequently change parts of this narrative.

Contents Bandon Origins ......................................................................................................................................................... 3

Major General James Wolfe ................................................................................................................................. 3 Cork, Kinsale and West Cork ................................................................................................................................ 3

Was John Wolfe father to Alleyn? ............................................................................................................................ 4 Changing conditions in West Cork 1800-1845 ......................................................................................................... 5 Alleyn Wolfe ............................................................................................................................................................. 6

Elizabeth Wolfe – born 1822 ................................................................................................................................. 8 John Wolfe – born 1823 ........................................................................................................................................ 8 Alleyn Wolfe – born 1826 ...................................................................................................................................... 9 William Wolfe – born 1827 .................................................................................................................................. 10 Barnabas Wolfe – born 1829 .............................................................................................................................. 11 George Wolfe – born 1835 .................................................................................................................................. 15 Abraham Jennings Wolfe – born 1839 ................................................................................................................ 16

Interlude - Of Hares, Ducks and Wolfes! ................................................................................................................ 19 Isaac Jennings Wolfe – born 1841 ...................................................................................................................... 21 Jane Wolfe – born 1842 ...................................................................................................................................... 22 Jacob Wolfe - born 1843 ..................................................................................................................................... 23

Shanghailanders ............................................................................................................................................. 24 Joseph Alleyn Wolfe – born 1845 ....................................................................................................................... 28

Wolfes of Cork in the 1911 Census ........................................................................................................................ 29 Of Coopers and Wolfes from Skibbereen ............................................................................................................... 32 Index....................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Endnotes & Source Documents ............................................................................................................................. 35

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Bandon Origins Although there has been an Anglo-Norman family of Wolfes in County Limerick since the 12

th Century, most of the

Wolfes in County Cork are assumed to be descended from John Wolfe, one of the original settlers of the walled town of Bandon in 1604. Most of these settlers were from Somerset and the West Country of England. John Wolfe witnessed a Bandon will in 1629

i and died at Kilbrogan, one mile north of Bandon, in 1637.

Major General James Wolfe Many Wolfes claim some connection to Wolfe of Quebec but this connection may be with the Anglo-Norman Wolfes of Limerick. Following the Cromwellian siege of Limerick in 1650-51 and the Williamite siege in 1690-91, most of the Wolfes were disposed of their property. One branch of the family is supposed to have gone to England, converting to Protestantism. From this family is descended General Edward Wolfe, James Wolfe ’s father. One biographer has James Wolfe travelling to Dublin and Limerick to visit relatives about 1750.

Cork, Kinsale and West Cork Later Wolfes appear in Kinsale (William Wolfe will dated 1649, Judeth Wolfe will dated 1688, Aretus Wolfe died 1707, Thomas Wolfe was a draper in 1789.) By this time, Wolfes were in Cork City also. Phillip Wolfe’s will was proved in Cork in 1738, that of Margaret Wolfe proved in 1765. John Wolfe, merchant of Fish Street, was admitted as a Freeman of the City in 1773. By 1789, there is Michael Wolfe, merchant of Batchelor’s Quay; Patrick Wolfe, merchant of Paul Street and Michael Robert Wolfe, merchant of Ann Street. By the Eighteenth Century, Wolfes appear widespread in Clonakilty, Dunmanway and Skibbereen and the Ballydehob area of the Mizzen Peninsula. From the register of marriages from St Finbarre’s Parish, Cork between 1753 and 1832 we can see several Wolfe marriages. In 1779 Thomas End married Sarah Wolfe and John Wolfe married Elizabeth Good; in 1787 John Wolfe married Elizabeth Dean; in 1783 Joseph Wolfe married Susanna Stanley; in 1809 John Wolfe married Mary Kingston; and then on April 4 1821 Alleyn Wolfe married Jane Jennings from Courtmacsherry. These were my great-great-great-grandparents.

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Was John Wolfe father to Alleyn? Numerous sources, including deeds and published lists and accounts, place John Wolfe as a farmer in Droumgarriffe townland in Kilnagross parish near Clonakilty between 1800 and 1841

ii.The deeds identify his wife

as Elizabeth, daughter of Allen Wilsoniii. They also identify John’s father as Richard of Beanhill or

Knocknapaneryiv, a townland adjacent to Droumgarriffe and his grandfather, also named Richard, of Ashgrove,

several miles to the south of Droumgarriffe. Alleyn’s marriage in 1821 states he is a farmer from Kilnagross but the remaining marriage license index does not record his father’s name. However, the baptismal record of Alleyn’s firstborn, Elizabeth, in 1822 states he is from Droumgarriffe – and a John Wolfe is sponsor. Additionally, Alleyn’s firstborn son was named John, following the West Cork convention of naming after the father’s father. The named convention seems to account for some of the other names. The second son was named Alleyn for the mother’s father Allen Wilson (and for Alleyn himself based on the spelling). (There was an Alleyn family (or Alleyne or Allin) located just outside Clonakilty at Ballyduvane since since about 1719 to 1850. Was the Alleyn name used for generations of Wolfes noting some tie – marriage or otherwise – with that family? They were large landholders and related by marriage to the Beamish, Townsend and Becher families in the area. The Alleyns also had property at Ring near Ashgrove and the early Wolfes. Certainly a name with enough prestige to be worth preserving. Ballyduvane is just south of Coolcraheen. The third son would be named for the father but Alleyn had already been used so William may possibly have been named for the father’s eldest brother. Next son Barnabas may have been named for the mother’s eldest brother – certainly the mother’s father was Barnabas. The convention seems to hold for the daughters also. Elizabeth would be named for the mother’s mother. The second daughter would be named for the father’s mother but as she was also Elizabeth, Jane took her mother’s name. (There was no convention for the subsequent sons. After George came Abraham Jennings Wolfe. I could speculate that Abraham represents the Plains of Abraham where General Wolfe (to whom the Cork Wolfes always seemed partial) won Quebec. Or perhaps they went to the Book of Genesis for the name of the patriarch. In any case, they went to Genesis for the naming sequence of the remaining sons as Abraham begat Isaac, who begat Jacob, who begat Joseph.) (There is perhaps a cousin Alleyne Wolfe (1820)

v who was born about 1820. He enlisted in the British Army in

1844 and from his discharge papersvi we know he was born in Kilmeen near Clonakilty and his trade was

shoemaker. Perhaps he was a son of Thomas Wolfe, shoemaker of Clonakilty, brother of John, Richard and Robert. Alleyne swerved in India, rising to Sergeant Major and seeing action throughout the Indian Mutiny. He won one of only four medals granted his regiment during the Mutiny, two DCMs and two VCs. His Distinguished Conduct Medal was for an action where he “"slew three Sepoys in single combat at the storming of Jhansi" He was discharged in 1865 and after several years attached to the Wiltshire militia in England, returned with his family to Ireland. Several of his son’s joined the Royal Irish Constabulary. His descendants live in Kilkenny and Wales.)

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Changing conditions in West Cork 1800-1845 The Napoleonic Wars had a widespread economic effect on the export activity of Cork City and its’ agricultural hinterland. With the naval blockade of mainland Europe, trade patterns were disrupted. This had the result of turning Munster into the larder of the British forces across the world. Cork exports of provisions, including butter and meat, fed troops from Spain to the West Indies. Clonakilty was also at the centre of a thriving linen industry. Flax was grown locally and loom weaving was a household industry employing, at its’ height, upwards of 10,000 in the locality. Several Wolfes were listed in the 1796 Flax Growers inquiry

vii. A Linen Hall was erected in

Clonakilty in which peak auction sales reached £1,000 weekly. However, the second decade of the century saw the beginning of a sharp decline in these activities. After Waterloo, peace became permanent for a time across Europe. The provision trade fell away. Increasing industrial production of cotton in Britain and the United States threatened the linen trade. By the time ‘Lewis’ Topographical Dictionary of Ireland’ was published in 1837, the description of Clonakilty and its surroundings showed a mere shadow of its former prosperity

viii.

Henry David Inglis, in a narrative of a tour of Ireland published in 1834 paints an even bleaker picture of a town now decayed

ix

This sharp and decades long economic decline was the background to several different forms of social unrest. In the early 1820s, originating in Limerick and spreading to Cork, the ‘Captain Rock’ movement was an agrarian rebellion influenced by millenarian and sectarian thinking that employed great violence against its targets. There were frequent lethal clashes between the local Protestant yeomanry and assembled crowds including one in Clonakilty in 1822. Numerous millenarian notices were posted around the Clonakilty district

x as late as 1823. In

October of that year, Thomas Hill, a prosperous farmer near Clonakilty was murdered in his home. The government, realizing that the existing loose militia approach to policing was not working created the Irish Constabulary (later the R.I.C.) and built courthouses and jails across the country. Later, this infrastructure was to give many of the Wolfes an opportunity to move away from their farming roots. In the early 1830s there was a concerted effort by many non-members of the Established Church to resist payment of Tithes to a church to which they did not belong. After much unrest and some violence, reforms were made and tithes reduced or done away with. Sectarian tensions remained – in the summer of 1842, an outing of Protestants from Bandon to Courtmacsherry to picnic on an island degenerated into a running skirmish with local Catholics. An unnamed Wolfe was pelted with rocks and fled for shelter in a farmhouse with his pistol

xi.

1845 marked the beginning of the Great Famine which changed the face of Ireland utterly. That all of this occurred in the district where the Wolfes lived must have impacted them, directly or indirectly. We know that Alleyn and many of his sons had later careers in the courts, jails and military of the system that was created as a reaction to these events. For sons not in line to inherit a farm or land but of a mind to support the structures of authority, there was now viable options for well-paid jobs. And so began the break of the ties to the land and a move to an urban setting. After many generations on the land and moving in a society of small radius, Alleyn’s grandchildren and great-grandchildren would be born in places far removed from West Cork.

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Alleyn Wolfe Alleyn Wolfe was born about 1796. On April 4 1821 at St Finbarre’s in Cork, he married Jane Jennings from Courtmacsherry. Together they had eleven children – nine boys and two girls. (Samuel Williamson Wolfe, Alleyn’s grandson, in recollections written late in life, stated there was a third daughter. No supporting evidence has yet been uncovered.)

Old St Finbarres Cathedral - demolished in 1865 to make way for the present Cathedral. The gate pillars and gates are still extant around the present Cathedral.

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When son Barnabas was married in 1857, he listed his father’s occupation as Turnkey at the City Bridewell which stood on the Coal Quay in Cork at the site currently occupied by a 20C Garda Station. Reports of the Inspectors General of Prisons in Ireland from this period list ‘Alleyn Wolfe’ as a Turnkey at Cork City Gaol earning an annual wage of £27 6s 0d. Some family recollections have Alleyn in the Police. No evidence of Alleyn in the R.I.C before 1857 has been uncovered although it is worth pointing out that his later children were born in County Waterford. It was the long standing policy of the R.I.C. to always post their members outside their home counties. A report for 1861 lists Allen Wolfe as a turnkey at Cork City Bridewell - earning £39 15s 0d annually - also listed is Alleyn Wolfe junior as turnkey earning £30 15s 0d annually. Alleyn’s grandson, Samuel William Wolfe, living in Canada late in life, recorded some of his recollections

xii of the

Wolfes. Of Alleyn he related that he was “reputed to have been tall and handsome”. Samuel’s son Pierre stated that Alleyn was ”autocratic and did not mind using the whip on the boys”.

Cork City Gaol - now a heritage centre

On their son Jacob’s marriage certificate from his second marriage in 1897

xiii, Alleyn Wolfe’s occupation was listed

as ‘accountant’, but this may be erroneous. It is believed Alleyn died about 1862. His widow Jane died February 25 1870 at 16 Batchelor’s Quay in Cork – the residence of her son Alleyn. What follows is what is known at the time of writing about their children and their descendants.

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Elizabeth Wolfe – born 1822 Elizabeth was baptized at Lislee outside Courtmacsherry on January 6 1822. Lislee was the home parish of her mother Jane. Her father’s residence is stated as Droumgarriffe. At the time of writing, nothing further is known about Elizabeth.

John Wolfe – born 1823 John Wolfe was born in Bandon in 1823. By 1861, he is living in Kensington, London working as a railway clerk and depot accountant according to that year’s census. He married Charlotte Sophia Thomas in Norfolk in 1860

xiv.

London-born Charlottexv

was the daughter of John Thomas, a commercial agent, and Sophia Cremer from Gimingham on the Norfolk coast. They had four daughters – Sophia (born 1862), Edith Charlotte (born 1864), Kathleen (born 1866) and Gertrude May (born 1872). Charlotte and John also had two sons- Reginald John (Jack) (born 1868), who died in early childhood from eating Deadly Nightshade found in a field)

xvi and Louis

James (born 1873)xvii

. Based on the birthplaces of the children, the family moved frequently around the London area. At the time of the 1871 census, they were living in Ealing where John was working as a clerk. On Louis James Wolfe’s baptismal certificate, John is listed as an accountant. In 1881 they are in Paddington and John works as a merchant’s clerk. Events now take a turn for the worse! The census of 1891 has John Wolfe confined in Brighton Workhouse and described as an imbecile pauper and unable to work. The rest of the family is living nearby in the town of Brighton.

Brighton Workhouse

John Wolfe died in late 1891. The following year Louis James, the only surviving son emigrates to Manitoba, Canada where he tries his hand at farming. He was granted land near Big Quill Lake in Saskatchewan. By the 1901 Canada Census he is farming at Marquette Manitoba and by 1911 is working as a teamster in a dairy in Alberta. Recorded in the 1901 England Census, Charlotte is still living in Brighton. Her unmarried daughters are living at home working as dressmakers or milliners. Charlotte died in 1905, daughter Gertrude in 1936, Edith Charlotte in 1937, and Kathleen in 1939. Sophia Wolfe married Frederick Charles Monk, a law clerk, in 1895

xviii.

They had a daughter Gertrude Edith who married Raymond Jeater in 1921. Their descendants live in England.

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By 1915, Louis James, still unmarried, and working as a dairyman in Edmonton Alberta joins the Canadian Overseas Expeditionary Force at the age of almost 42. His recruitment papers

xix give his sister Gertrude – with an

address at Brighton – as next-of-kin. His attestation papers on recruitment are stamped with ‘63rd

Battalion’ - the Edmonton Battalion– the C.E.F mainly being organized into 260 numbered battalions later organized into four Divisions in France. These papers show he was a 6 week long member of the 101

st Edmonton Fusiliers – known

as the militia; this was Canada’s then peacetime army structure. His full service records ordered from Library and Archives Canada show that he served on the Western Front, was wounded several times, ultimately losing full use of his right arm. He returned to Canada and a notation on his file shows he was deceased on April 15, 1944.

Alleyn Wolfe – born 1826

Alleyn Wolfe was the second son of Alleyn and Jane Wolfe. On February 15 1853 in Cork, he married Margaret Duke. Records show he worked alongside his father as a turnkey in the Cork City Bridewell in 1861 - earning £30 15s 0d annually He was a magistrate’s clerk by 1875. He died in Cork in 1894. Alleyn and Margaret had eight children. Margaret was born in 1854, Elizabeth in 1856 and Amelia in 1857, Alleyn Duke Wolfe was born in 1858 and died aged 27 , Charlotte Sophia (which may be a nod to her Uncle John’s wife’s name – Charlotte Sophia nee Thomas) was born in 1861 and died aged 30. Edward Jennings Wolfe was born in 1862. He became an accountant and in 1893 in Cork married Ethel Fay, He suffered poor health and was recommended to move to a healthier climate. Along with his sister Elizabeth, they moved to South Africa where he worked for the railway company. They were in Bloemfontein when the Second Boer War broke out. As Boer forces moved to cut off Bloemfontein, Edward sent his sister, wife and children, Jack and Ivy, to Cape Town. He then attempted to join them. At Victoria Road Station in the Northern Cape, two crowded refugee trains collided. Scores were injured and eight killed. Edward Jennings Wolfe was among the fatalities. His sister returned to Ireland, his wife and children remained in South Africa where Ethel later remarried. Frances Wolfe was born in 1865 and lastly Abraham was born in 1868 but died aged nine.

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William Wolfe – born 1827

He moved to England where the 1861 Census has him lodging with his eldest brother John’s wife’s uncle in Hammersmith London. He worked as a railway clerk in London and South Wales. In 1864 in Swansea, South Wales he married Margaretta Hore, originally from Redruth Cornwall. Her father was a slate merchant in Swansea. They had three children, William, Alleyn

xx and Llewellyn

xxi. Margaretta died near Swansea in 1871.

Again in Swansea in 1874, William remarried. Emily Whitehead, his second wife, was from Paignton in Dorset. Her father was a coal agent in Swansea. They had one son together, Henry (Harry)

xxii. (Interestingly, the 1881

Census shows Sophia Thomas, his brother John’s mother-in-law, visiting William and Emily in London). His son William was born in 1865. He became a clerk and married Mary Hutchins in 1891.

xxiii Mary was born in St

Petersburg, Russia in 1865, the second daughter of an English commercial agent. They had two children, Alleyn Sidney

xxiv and Gretta

xxv.His cousin Samuel Williamson Wolfe later stated that William had been a Fabian Socialist.

William died in early 1912; Alleyn Sidney died, aged only 16 of complications of diabetes, later that same year. Gretta’s later marriage to Archie Godefroy ended in divorce. She later ran Barrelle Private Hotel in Folkestone with her mother

xxvi.

Son Alleyn is supposed to have become a ship’s officer before disappearing ashore somewhere in North America. He shortly after stopped corresponding and was never heard from again. (Tantalizingly, the 1900 United States Census has an English-born ‘Allen Wolfe’ serving as a private in the Army of Occupation in the Northern Philippines. His recorded birth date of December 1866, however, contradicts Alleyn’s baptismal record where his birth is recorded as January 4 1867. Allen Wolfe gives a home address in Los Angeles.)

xxvii

Son Llewellyn appears in the 1891 Census working as a clerk at the Great Western Hotel at Paddington Station in London. On April 15 1893, he arrived at Halifax Nova Scotia aboard 'Numidian' from Liverpool. However, in late 1898 he died at Cranbrook, British Columbia – in the year that the opening of the B.C. Southern Railway put Cranbrook, almost literally, ‘on the map’. Henry (Harry) became an accountant and married Elizabeth Jane Whitehead in 1902. They had two children, Emily Olga and William Henry. Henry died in Kent in 1937. Emily Olga married Charles Scrafton Holthouse in Kent in 1933. They had twin boys who died shortly after birth. Olga and her mother Elizabeth Jane were killed on November 3 1943 when their home at 8 Grove Road Ramsgate was hit during a German air raid. William Henry died in 1991. The 1891 Census has William, now 63, retired with Emily to the tranquility of Herne Bay in Kent. However Emily died in 1895. William now decides to go to Canada – perhaps in search of his missing son, Alleyn. By May 31 1896, he has arrived at Montréal aboard 'Vancouver' from Liverpool. Very soon after, he marries Mary Octavie Bogue, daughter of an Belfast born merchant and a French-Canadian mother. They have two children, Joseph Edwin and Marie Henriette Octavie. Mary Octavie’s mother, Elmire Scholastique Masson, was a member of a wealthy merchant family with roots back to the foundation of French America. They had been leaders in the francophone Rebellion in Lower Canada in 1838. Involved in the Bank of Montreal and department stores in the city, they were pillars of Quebec’s francophone establishment. How a retired English-speaking railway clerk with the name, of all things, Wolfe persuaded a marriage to occur must remain a mystery but bears testament, perhaps, to William’s persuasive powers! William Wolfe died on May 2 1903 and is buried at All Saints Anglican Church in Montréal

xxviii. His son Joseph

Edwinxxix

married Rose Germaine Duchesne and their daughter, Gloria Vivien Etta, was born on May 11 1940 in Lachine Québec

xxx.

No further information has been found on Marie Henriette Octavie as yet.

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Barnabas Wolfe – born 1829 Barnabas Wolfe was born in Cork on April 19 1829. He married Marianne Phillips in Cork in 1857. Her father was Robert Phillips with his occupation of Parish Clerk listed on the marriage certificate. On the marriage certificate he is listed as a ‘Sergeant’ in the 15

th Regiment of Infantry. (At the time this was the East Yorkshire Regiment). He is

supposed to have served some time in India accompanied by his wife. Their first son George William, however, was born at Anglesey Barracks Portsmouth in 1858

xxxi. Their second son was born in Penrith, Cumberland in the

north of England in 1862.He was named Robert Inglewood Wolfe presumably in reference to Inglewood Forest - the former Royal Forest that surrounds Penrith. The next three children, Alleyn St John, Marian and Annie were born in Fredericton New Brunswick which must have been Barnabas’ next posting. His remaining children were all born in County Cork where he returned to civilian life and a career as a clerk.

Angelsea Barracks - in 1873 they became Naval Barracks

George William Wolfe, known as William, joined the Royal Artillery and became a sergeant like his father. In 1889 he married Barbara Ann Lancaster at Sneeth, Kent where their first child, Minnie Pauline, was born the following year. His next posting was Carmarthen in Wales where sons Barnabas, Charles Lewis and Robert were born. After that, it was off to St Lucia in the West Indies where Alleyn was born in 1895. Lastly, George William and Barbara Ann were born back in England. George William Wolfe died in 1905 at the age of 47. Barbara Ann, now widowed with a young family, remarried to Edward Alfred Greenslade. The couple moved to Penticton British Columbia in 1907 with the youngest children. The remaining children joined them there over the next few years. In adulthood, the children settled across Canada and the United States. Minnie Pauline married Eli Moorhouse in Seattle, dying there in 1918, possibly due to the Spanish Influenza epidemic. Barnabas married Alice Ann Pearse in Penticton in 1916. He moved back and forth between Canada and the U.S Pacific Northwest throughout his life. He died in 1962 and is buried in Penticton. Charles Lewis married Louisa and their son Charles was born in Seattle in 1927. The 1930 Federal Census has the family in Los Angeles where Charles is working as a clothing designer. Charles junior died in 2004 in Alabama.

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Robert married Mona and in a 1917 US Draft cardxxxii

in Chicago states his occupation is ‘actor & entertainer’ The following year he enlisted in the Canadian Expeditionary Force

xxxiii but it is not known if he served overseas. He

later returned to the States, dying in Los Angeles in 1961. Alleyn Henry married Viola and settled in Bangor Maine. They had two sons, Earl and Owen. Alleyn Henry died in 1961. George William joined the Canadian Expeditionary Force in 1916

xxxiv. After the war, he married Dorothy Dray and

moved to Olympia in Washington State. They had two sons, George and Harold. George senior died in Olympia in 1992. The only thing known about Barbara Ann at this time after she moved with the family to Penticton in 1907 is a US border record showing her travelling to Seattle in 1918. Robert Inglewood qualified as a doctor in 1887 and established a practice in London, marrying Ida Goulden there in 1898

xxxv. After the birth of their first child, Ida, in 1901, Robert Inglewood and family moved to South Africa

where he became a District Surgeon at Paarl, Western Cape Province. A daughter, Pearl, was born in 1906 – her name a nod to their new home. On December 14 1907 a son, Richard Noel (Dick) was born. Robert’s wife, Ida, died before 1910 and he remarried to Margaret. Robert became a military surgeon and served in the First World War in the South African Medical Corps with the rank of Captain. Post-war, he became a port doctor at Durban, where he later died. Daughter Ida married George William (Willie) Bolster, a dentist who practiced in London. They had one daughter, Sheila. Nothing further is known about Pearl at this time, other than a record of her arriving in England in 1916 with step-mother, Margaret - possibly for school. Son Richard Noel married Evelyn Jean Lawrence in London in 1941. They both died in the 1990s and are buried in Richmond Cemetery in London.

Barracks in Fredericton NB - the married quarters were in the attic story - doubtless hot in summer and cold in winter Marian was born in Fredericton New Brunswick in 1863. In 1888, she married Jeremiah Joseph Twomey a baker, in Cork. According to her statement on the 1911 Census, she had had 8 children; 4 were still living at that time:

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Marian, Francis, Margaret, Annie and Mary were on the 1901 Census. Mother Marian died in Cork in 1912. Marian appears to have married in Cork in 1916, her spouse has not yet been traced. Margaret accompanied her aunt Pauline to America in 1912 stating her destination to be Chicago. In the 1920 Federal Census she is married with a last name Burgess but, with her son John, living with brother Frank (Francis)

xxxvi in New Bedford

Massachusetts. Her sister Mary also moved to the US in 1921. By the 1930 Census, Margaret is divorced. Frank later moved to San Francisco, California where he married Katheryn Hoffmann from Alameda. Frank died in Santa Cruz California in 1964 Next was Annie who was born in 1867, also in Canada. She married Daniel Joseph Murphy, a doctor from Youghal, County Cork. The 1891 Census of England had Daniel, Annie and Cork born infant John Theobald staying with Annie’s brother Robert Inglewood Wolfe in London. Daniel is assisting in Robert’s medical practice. Daniel qualified from Edinburgh University in 1893. After practicing for a time in Huddersfield, he returned to Youghal in the mid 1890s where he set up practice. Their second son, Reginald, was born in Youghal in 1895.The 1911 Census shows Annie at home in Friar Street with the younger children Bertie and Daniel (who were twins), Eileen and Teddy. Although Daniel Joseph Murphy signed the return as head of household, he was not enumerated. Possibly he had been called away to a patient on Census night. John Theobald was staying with an aunt in Cork while studying medicine. (Interestingly, a few miles away from Youghal, at Cloyne, was another Dr Daniel Joseph Murphy. The Medical Directory show both but this other doctor qualified in Dublin in 1890). Daniel’s practice appears in the Guy’s Postal Directory at Devonshire Villa. Daniel was also a member of Youghal Urban District Council – the local government for the town. John Theobald Murphy qualified as a doctor. He served as a medical officer in France with the Royal Dublin Fusiliers and later with the Royal Army Medical Corps

xxxvii. He later established a practice in London and then at

Cullompton in Devon. Nearing retirement, he worked for several years at the State Sanatorium in Glencliffe, New Hampshire. Bertie and Daniel also served in the First World War in France. Bertie was commissioned as a 2

nd Lieutenant in

the Royal Munster Fusiliers. He died of wounds at Ypres on August 18 1917 presumed received during the Battle of Passchendaele (Third Ypres)

xxxviii. Daniel survived the war after service as a Lieutenant in the Machine Gun

Corpsxxxix

. Late in life, Doctor Murphy of Youghal took the name ‘Wolfe-Murphy’ – which name was also adopted by his son Daniel. This Daniel moved to England where he married Hilda Adams in 1922. They had three sons – Anthony, John and Peter. Their descendants still live in England and Ireland. Barnabas and Marianne’s next child was Alleyn St John Wolfe, born in 1868. (If Barnabas gave his second son the name Inglewood for the surroundings of his birthplace, perhaps Alleyn received the name St John for St John, New Brunswick or for the St John River that runs through Fredericton. If that was the case, is the name pronounced plainly as ‘Saint John” rather than the conventional “Sin Gin”?) He became an accountant, working for the ‘Cork Examiner’ (known to generations in Cork as “de paper”) until 1897 when he took a job with the ‘Johannesburg Star’. There he married Aimee Kirton but left for Cape Town when the Second Boer War broke out in 1899. They had three children, Dennis Alleyn St John Wolfe, Terrence and Dorothy. (Samuel Williamson Wolfe was godfather to Dennis). Alleyn St John Wolfe’s marriage to Aimee appears to have ended. She remarried in South Africa. In 1939, he returned to England stating his destination to be his younger brother, John Henry (Harry)’s residence in Sidmouth, Devon. He later returned to Cork, dying there in 1948. Dennis Alleyn St John Wolfe, as a young lieutenant in the British forces in Ireland during the War of Independence was badly wounded in an action in Tipperary. During an ambush at Rosegreen, he was shot by Seán Treacy, one of the leaders of the Third Tipperary Brigade, I.R.A.

xl This ended his military career and he

returned to South Africa, where he died in 1941. Dennis’ son Peter Wolfe was living in Cork in the 1980s.Other than showing on some passenger manifests from South Africa, nothing further is known about Terrence other than he died in 1940 and is buried at Port Elizabeth. According to some family reports, daughter Dorothy married an Irish solicitor named McCracken and had a daughter Colleen.

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Barnabas and Marianne had twins, Isaac and Richard Abraham, born in Bandon in 1869, who both died in childhood. On their birth certificates, Barnabas is stated to be in the South Cork Militia – at that time a unit with only a small permanent staff that organized annual training. Barnabas and Marianne had a son, Barnabas, in 1872 who may have died in childhood. There is some confusion on the dates but it appears that Barnabas junior was twin to John Henry (Harry) who was born January 9 1872. John Henry (Harry) Wolfe qualified as a doctor in 1905 and practiced in London. He married Euphemia (Effie) Daniels in Fermoy in 1906. They lived in a house in Hanwell, London which he named ‘Inglewood’. John Henry (Harry) and Effie had three children, Herbert Robert Inglewood (Bob) Wolfe, Deirdre Mary Wolfe and Lawrence (Larry) Wolfe. Bob Wolfe was a doctor and life-long sailor, cruising the Channel and as far as the Baltic. He married Leslie Winifred Fox in 1946 and their children (one a doctor) still live in England. Bob died in 1970

xli.

Deirdre Mary Wolfe married Gerald Hartley Gibbens in 1934. Gerald was a doctor and one of their three children is also a doctor, practicing in the West of England. Larry Wolfe was also a doctor. John Henry (Harry) retired in the late 1930s to Sidmouth, Devon. In 1939, he was joined for a time by his older brother, Alleyn St John Wolfe, returning from South Africa. With the outbreak of war he was asked to become a ship’s surgeon with the Blue Funnel Line. He accepted and served several years but his health was failing. John Henry (Harry) died in 1942 in Devon.

Harry Wolfe's retirement home in Bickwell Valley, Sidmouth Barnabas and Marianne’s next child was Henrietta, born in 1874. She may have died in childhood. A daughter Pauline was born about 1876. She married Henry Vavasor Greene from Youghal. He had retired from the British Army. The 1911 Census has Henry and Pauline in Youghal with their daughters Ethel, Eileen and Patricia. Pauline arrived in New York on the ‘Cedric’ on October 26 1912 from Queenstown (Cobh) accompanied by her oldest daughter, Ethel. Her stated destination is her husband Henry in Milwaukee Wisconsin. She also

15

states that both she and Ethel had previously lived in Milwaukee for a six month period. By the 1920 Census, Pauline is in Milwaukee, widowed and living with Ethel and a daughter Daisy, born in 1916. There is no mention of the daughters Eileen and Patricia. Samuel Williamson Wolfe visited Pauline and a daughter in San Diego California in 1937 just prior to Pauline’s death. Nothing further is known of the daughters at the time of writing. An 1871 Cork Directory lists Barnabas Wolfe as a clerk at 115 Lower Glanmire Road. Barnabas was listed as a clerk working at 17 Thomas Street in the Hammond’s Marsh area of Cork in an 1875 Cork Directory. Barnabas died in Cork in 1885. Marianne is believed to have died in 1910.

George Wolfe – born 1835

George Wolfe was born in Cork City in 1835. He moved to Birmingham in the English Midlands where he married Elizabeth who was born in London in 1832. Although they had no children themselves, they did take in and raise some of his brother Joseph’s children after Joseph’s death. Also boarding with the family in 1881 was nephew Edward (son of brother Abraham in Cork) while he apprenticed as a watch repairer as well as nephews William and Alleyn (son’s of brother William of London) .George worked as a station master at Hockley Station in Birmingham from about the mid 1860s until his accidental death in 1884.

Hockley Station

News of George’s death - The Times April 15 1884

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Abraham Jennings Wolfe – born 1839

Abraham Jennings Wolfe was my great great grandfather. On March 29 1860 he married Mary Mahony, daughter of Edward D Mahony of Cork. With brother Alleyn, he witnessed the June 11 1863 wedding of Joseph Morris (Bandon) and Catherine Jennings (Sunday's Well) in St Mary’s Shandon. Catherine was daughter of their uncle, William Jennings.Guy's Ecclesiastical Directory lists him as a churchwarden of St Peter's Cork. He was a draper in Cork by 1870. He had a shop at 35 North Main Street in Cork. After 1875 he acquired the pawnbrokers business and premises of Thomas Ring at 16 Lavitts Quay. His politics might be defined by the following entry from the ‘Cork Constitution’ newspaper published November 5 1886: "His Worship the Mayor yesterday resumed the revision of the Municipal Franchise. Messrs. J. C. Blake, solicitor, and Thomas Babington, senr., solicitor, sat as legal assessors, and Mr. H. Barry represented the Town Clerk. The following new Conservatives were put on the burgess roll: NORTH CENTRE WARD. Abraham Woulfe, 16, Lavitt's Quay."

View over Patrick’s Bridge with 16 Lavitts Quay highlighted behind the old Cork Opera House Abraham and Mary had ten children, as follows: Jane (or Jennie) was born on March 9 1861 and later married William Finnegan, an R.I.C. Head Constable from Clare. They had five children, Abraham John, George Albert, William Alleyn Wolfe, Annie Geraldine and Jane (Jennie). Abraham married Evelyn Buttle and had two children, Jennie and John, both born in Dublin. George qualified as a doctor at University College Cork in 1905. The 1911 Census of Wales has him employed as a surgeon at Nixon’s Navigation Colliery Company in Mountain Ash, Merthyr Tydfil in Glamorganshire

xlii. By the

next year he had joined the Royal Navy Medical Service presumably on a 12 year commissionxliii

as he appears in London in 1924 with a civilian practice. In 1920 he married Victoria May Jones. He divorced Victoria in 1934, naming Geoffrey Fores as co-respondent. In 1935, George married Mary Gwenllian Coventry and their descendants live in England.

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William died in Cork in 1938. Annie qualified as a National School teacher, married Christopher Hosford and had one daughter, Geraldine. Jane married in Cork in 1920 but her spouse has not yet been traced. Alleyn William Wolfe was born on December 6 1863. He graduated from Queen’s College Cork (now UCC) in October 1886 gaining seconds as Bachelor of Medicine and Master of Surgery. He joined the Peninsular & Oriental Line as ship’s surgeon but his fate is recorded on a memorial stone at St Luke’s in Douglas, Cork: "Alleyn William Wolfe M.D. Surgeon on S. S. Oriental who died on July 16th 1887 age 23 years. His remains were buried at sea near Bombay." Edward Richard Wolfe was born June 24 1866. In the 1881 Census he is staying with his uncle George in Birmingham England and working as a watch repairer. He married Harriet Cooper in Skibbereen in 1891 and had two children, Mary Cooper Wolfe (born 1893) and William Cooper Wolfe (born 1895). Edward Richard Wolfe died in 1899. In August 1914 Mary Cooper Wolfe married William Jackson in Cork. They later moved to England where Mary died in 1971. On the outbreak of war in 1914, William Cooper Wolfe enlisted as a private in the Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders, being posted to France in January 1915. He was later commissioned as a 2

nd Lieutenant in the

Royal Dublin Fusiliersxliv

, being mentioned in dispatches for an action on the Western Front in 1917xlv

. He later moved to South Africa. During World War II, he held the rank of Captain in the South African Reserve Mechanical Transport Corps. During operations preparing for the push into Abyssinia, he died in an air crash on January 7 1941 and is buried at Kitale, Kenya

xlvi.

Annie M Wolfe (born August 28 1868) married William McNay, a boot manufacturer from Limerick with two shops in Cork, in 1896.They lived at Dean Street in Cork and had seven daughters and one son. The eldest child was Mernie, my grandmother who married my grandfather Leslie Naye Acheson in 1929. Five of the other sisters also married and their descendants live in Ireland and England – mainly around Cork. Abraham Joseph Wolfe was born on December 4 1870. In 1898 he married Ellen (Nellie) Whelan and converted to Catholicism. They had four children in Cork, Joseph Abraham, Charles, Mary Josephine (Maureen) and Ellen Mercier

xlvii. In 1910 Abraham and Nellie moved to Boston, Massachusetts leaving their children boarding with

various Whelan relatives. The children followed over the next several years but the youngest, Ellen Mercier, did not re-join her parents until 1920. Their descendants live in New England. Robert Wolfe was born July 6 1873. He became a chemist and, after working for a time in Dublin, moved to Assam, India where he worked for the Planter’s Stores and Agency Company. In 1915, he returned from Ceylon with his wife Nellie. His destination, as stated on the passenger manifest, was 4 Bridge Street in Cork – home of his sister Annie’s father-in-law William McNay. He returned permanently to Ireland in the late 1920s and invested in a chemists business in Derry. Charles William Wolfe was born on March 21 1876. He was a pawnbroker with premises at 4 Shandon Street in Cork. He married Martha Rose Tilson in 1898. They had five children, Ida Rose, Dorothy Edith, Olive Mai, Robert Edward (Roy) and Charles William. All but Olive married and their descendants live in Ireland. The youngest son, Charles, was Dean of Cashel during the 1960s and 1970s.

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Minnie Wolfe was born in 1880 and married Albert Rainsbury, a Cork pawnbroker, in 1906. Albert was a descendant by marriage from the McCarthy Mór – the hereditary chieftains of South Munster. They had three daughters, Alberta Violet, Winifred Mary and Edna Sporle. Their youngest were two sons, Albert Wolfe and Robert Joseph. All later married and their descendants live in Ireland and England. Abraham and Mary Wolfe lost one child soon after birth in 1882. Her given name was Emily. Sophia (or Sophie) was born in 1883. She married Benjamin Hosford, a baker and grocer in Monkstown, Cork. Their first son, Benjamin, was born in 1910. The Hosfords were from Kilbrogan where John Wolfe had lived in the 1630s. They had three children, Benjamin, Mary and Elizabeth (Dolly). Their descendants live in Cork and Canada.

Abraham Jennings Wolfe and family. My estimate is that it was taken between 1883 (when the eldest - Jennie- got married, as she's not in the picture) and late 1886-early 1887 when Alleyn William left on his first (and last) voyage as ship's surgeon. Alleyn died on the passage and was buried at sea off Bombay. Maybe it was taken when Alleyn qualified as a doctor. Their names and approximate ages are: Standing back (L-R) Abraham Joseph (16), Edward Richard (20), Annie (18) - my great grandmother. Seated (L-R) Alleyn William (22) holding Minnie (6), mother Minnie, Sophie (3) seated on Abraham Jennings' lap, Charles William (10) Lying front Robert (13)

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Interlude - Of Hares, Ducks and Wolfes! Abraham Jennings Wolfe married Minnie Mahony in 1860. Her father was Edward Duke Mahony, a draper with a warehouse on South Main Street. At one time in the late 1840s, like many traders, he issued trade tokens known as farthings.

xlviii Edward Duke Mahony trade tokens

Edward Duke Mahony married Rebecca Duck in 1839. She was the daughter of Thomas Duck, an Armagh born woolen and linen draper who had moved to Cork in the early 1800s. Street directories of the time show him with a “woolen and Manchester (corduroy) warehouse” in Paul St and later premises in South Main Street.

Thomas Duck, born circa 1776, silhouette

Thomas Duck married Joanna Hare sometime before 1813. Joanna’s family may have been directly in the linen or woolen business also. In directories, we find Thomas Hare,draper, in Barrack St and David Hare, draper, in Patrick St. Older records show William Hare, draper, in a mortgage paper dated 1755.

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Joanna claimed kinship with the family of Richard Hare, one of the most prosperous merchants in Munster. Son of John Hare, he established himself in Cork in the sugar and provisioning trades. His brother William was also active in the business. Richard turned his profits into property – eventually becoming one of the largest landowners in the South of Ireland. His son William turned this into political advantage, becoming M.P. for Cork and leveraging votes on the Act of Union into a title – Earl of Listowel. Regardless of the closeness of the connection between Joanna and the Listowels, she passed her name down to two of her sons – John Patrick Hare Duck (b 1815) and William Hare Duck (b 1818). Both men, in adulthood, won scholarships to Trinity to study for the church. After curacies in Ireland, both struck out to England to pursue church careers. Around this time, both changed their names to ”Hare Duke”. William’s positions were mainly chaplaincies in prisons or institutions. He died in Kent in 1894. His descendants still live in England. John Hare-Duke’s first marriage to Matilda McClean lasted 27 years but produced no children. At the age of 61 ,John married again – to Jemima Coates. Over the next thirteen years ,they had 7 children together. John’s career moved him around England before settling in Glencraig, outside Belfast on the suburban shores of the Lough. He became a pillar of the Unionist establishment and Canon of Down Cathedral. He died in 1905. His descendants live mainly in England. Rebecca Duck had married Edward Mahony in 1839. Edward was dead by 1855 for in that year Rebecca married Edward’s erstwhile business partner in the premises at 62 North Main St, William Heard. In 1867, Abraham Jennings Wolfe’s younger brother, Isaac Jennings Wolfe, recently returned to Cork from eight years with the Army in India, married Anne Mahoney – Rebecca’s younger daughter. In the 1901 Census, Rebecca is listed as a 90 year old widow boarding in the home of a dock foreman, Edward O’Mahony, at Passage West – on the Lee downstream from Cork. Rebecca is buried in the Wolfe plot at St Luke’s, Douglas. Her memorial simply reads “In loving memory of Rebecca Heard who passed away Nov. 4 1903, aged 90 years”.

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Isaac Jennings Wolfe – born 1841 Isaac Jennings Wolfe was born on July 13 1841

xlix in Tramore County Waterford. Inflating his age slightly to 20, in

November 1858, he enlisted in the East India Company Artillery Regiment. The Indian Mutiny had just been suppressed by this date and troops were needed. Cork had always been a recruiting ground for both the British Army and East India Company forces – with directories showing recruiting offices and agents for both. His trade before enlistment was harness maker. His 1866 discharge papers show that by 1861, as the British State took over the running of India and “John Company” was wound up, Isaac volunteered for the regular Royal Artillery. He served the rest of his time in India in the regular Army. Returning to Cork, he found work firstly as a warder in the Military Prison attached to Victoria (now Collins) Barracks in the city. He then became a clerk of the court of Petty Sessions. He married Anne Mahony in the Wesleyan Chapel in Cork on December 26 1867. They lived firstly in Cork and then in Newmarket were Isaac became clerk of the court. They had the following children – Abraham (born 1871), Isaac (born 1873), Henry O (born 1876), Edward (born 1878), Jane (born 1880), Minnie (born 1883) and Edith (born 1884) Mother Anne nee Mahony died January 23 1885. Later that year, Isaac remarried. His second wife was Ellen Homan of Newmarket County Cork and they married in her home town on August 15 1885. Together they had a daughter, the wonderfully named Victoria Inez Ellen Wolfe. Ellen Homan died in 1892. In late 1891 daughters Minnie and Edith were enrolled in a school in London, sponsored by their uncle Jacob Wolfe. It is not known from the records seen if they attended for any length of time, if at all.

l

In 1894, Isaac married for the last time. Eleanor Grace Garstin Cotter was an English widow. Her first husband was the son of a clergyman from Castle Magner in Cork – perhaps the connection with Isaac not far away in Newmarket.

li

Isaac Jennings Wolfe died on July 15 1907 at Bray County Wicklow and is buried at Deans Grange Cemetery in South Dublin. His grave is unmarked. Son Isaac emigrated to America in 1887 and by 1900 was living in San Francisco California, working as a stationary engineer for the railway, married to California-born Mary with daughter Ellen (born 1899). On August 26 1901, their son Frank W Wolfe was born in Richmond on the other side of the Bay from San Francisco. Richmond was home to the Standard Oil refineries where Isaac worked for the rest of his life. Isaac died some time before 1930.

Richmond California in 1913 Frank W Wolfe worked in the oil industry all his working life, eventually moving to Southern California. In 1926 he married Doris Mogge and they had one child, Edythe Lorraine Wolfe, born in 1927 A passenger listing has Frank in Suez in late 1945 returning from the Middle East with other Standard Oil employees. Frank died in Riverside California on May 24 1972. Frank and Doris’ first child, Edythe Lorraine, married John L Walker but died prematurely in 1954, aged only 27 years. They had one child – Doris Lou Walker.A second daughter, Marylou Wolfe married a Mr. Ogle and their descendants live in California.

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Another son of Isaac Jennings Wolfe – Henry- also went to America. He left from Queenstown (Cobh) on August 5 1897 aboard the SS Teutonic, arriving in New York on August 11. He stated on arrival that his destination was friends living a 2 Middle Lane Street in Fitchburg Massachusetts, that he was a carpenter and that he had $15 on hand. Henry later moved to Boston

lii

Fitchburg Massachusetts in 1922 By 1900 he was working in the cotton mills of Fitchburg, still living at 2 Middle Street as a boarder and had just been joined by his sister Minnie and half-sister Victoria Inez Ellen (Victoria is listed on the outgoing manifest but is not listed on the passenger manifest at New York, perhaps because she was a minor but they are all enumerated in the 1900 Federal Census at Fitchburg). They had left Queenstown on the SS Ivernia May 13 1900 reaching New York on May 21 after an eight day crossing. In error, they stated their destination to be Pittsburgh Massachusetts! Lastly, their sister Edith joined them in Fitchburg, travelling as a Canadian Pacific passenger through Montreal in 1906. Her destination was her sister Mary (Minnie) at 65 Brigham Park Fitchburg and she was travelling with $8 in hand. We know that Victoria Inez Ellen Wolfe married and her descendants still live in Central Massachusetts.

Jane Wolfe – born 1842 Jane Wolfe was born in 1842. On July 6 1861, at St Peter’s Church in Cork, she married Ralph Beven of Bandon. They had four children, Alleyn Wolfe Beven, John Joseph, Jane (who died in childhood) and Annie Beven. Alleyn worked in Dublin as a civil servant. In 1903 he married Sarah Anne Peard from Cork. They had three children, Ralph Aubrey who died in childhood, Ivy Travers and Harrison Peard. The Alleyn Wolfe Bevens later moved to England where Harrison died aged 25 years. Nothing further is known of Ivy at this time. John Joseph married Annie Johnson in 1896 in Dublin. They had two daughters before John Joseph died in 1905. Their descendants live in England. Annie married William Thomas Cooke, a solicitor in Dublin, and they had four children. Samuel Williamson Wolfe visited them in Dublin in the late 1920s. Their descendants live in the Dublin area.

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Jacob Wolfe - born 1843

Jacob (known as Jay) was born in Cork on August 14 1843 and died in South Africa on August 30 1937, having just turned 94 years of age. He worked for a time in the mid 1860s for the Great Western Railway in England, like many of his brothers. However he returned to Ireland and, in 1870, married Margaret Williamson in Cork. He went into business with his father-in-law, Samuel Williamson

liii but the business failed in the years after Samuel’s death in 1872. Jacob and

Margaret had two children – Samuel Williamson Wolfe (born 1872) and Elizabeth Jane Wolfe (born 1873) Jay was a widower before 1881 when he had relocated to London with his two children and was working as a commercial clerk for an ironmongery firm. By 1891 he is a lodger with his two children (now 19 and 18 years) at 69 Wakehurst Road Battersea while working as a commercial clerk. Son Samuel is now working as an ironmonger’s assistant. (The lodging house was owned by Mary Ann Haines – described on the census as a ‘letter of apartments’. Mary Ann was the daughter of George and Mary Ann Goodman – both from Saltash Cornwall. George was a Coastguardsman and his daughter was born in Tilbury Essex while he was stationed there in 1851. He was later posted to Cheshire. In Cheshire, daughter Mary Ann married James Marle, a ship’s steward from Liverpool, before 1873. They had two sons, George Marle (born 1873 in New Brighton Cheshire) and James Marle (born 1874 in New Brighton). Father James Marle died before 1879. In that year, Mary Ann remarried. Her second husband was a man called Haines. They had one son – William Goodman Haines (born 1879 in New Brighton). For reasons that will become apparent, Haines senior died sometime before 1884.) On June 19 1897 in Battersea, Jacob Wolfe married his erstwhile landlady Mary Ann Haines. (However, their banns had been read in St Mary’s Church Battersea over three consecutive Sundays in June 1884 yet they did not marry at that time)

liv. She likely had some means as she lists her father’s occupation on the marriage

certificate as ‘Independent’. (This was the same certificate that described father Alleyn Wolfe’s profession as ‘accountant’). Jacob and Mary Ann may have used some of these assets to set up in business. During the Boer War (1899-1903) Jacob and Mary Ann moved to South Africa, following son Samuel who had gone out in the early 1890s. A passenger list has them returning to Plymouth from Cape Town aboard SS Runic in November 1903. Jacob is now described as a merchant. However, they settled permanently in South Africa but with frequent trips back to England as later passenger lists show. In May 1927 he arrives alone in London from Cape Town on the SS Barrabool with an intended address 36 Fitzroy Square London SC1. In December 1929, along with Mary Ann, he arrives in Southampton from Durban on the Kenilworth Castle. His destination is J. Marle of Liverpool House Heswall Cheshire – his step-son James – now a very successful jeweler and gold merchant with whom he may also have had some business dealings. Finally, in June 1936 he travels from Durban to Southampton on the Carnarvon Castle, again to visit step-son James. Jacob returned to South Africa, dying there on August 30 1937 in his 94

th year.

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Shanghailanders

Jacob’s son Samuel Williamson Wolfe left London for South Africa where he was a representative of the G.T. Fulford company – a patent medicine distributor famous for their ‘Pink Pills for Pale People’. In 1903, he moved to Singapore to set up the Fulford operation.

A Fulford advertisment

There, in 1907, he married Blanche Louise Victorine Sabatier, originally from Lyons, France. Blanche’s father, Gédéon, was a hairdresser and chef, first in Kuala Lumpur where he very successfully ran the Government Rest House in the 1890s

lv. He moved to Singapore before 1903 where he ran the Royal Hairdressing Saloon beside

Raffles Hotellvi

. Samuel and Blanche’s first child was Noel Goodman Haines Wolfe – born in Birkenhead Cheshire

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in 1908 and partially named for his older step-brother, William Goodman Haines .They later join the expatriate community in Shanghai China where they had two more children – Desiree Pearl Wolfe (born 1910) and Pierre Montcalm Wolfe (born 1912)

Freda Elizabeth Wolfe nee Marsh Noel Goodman Haines Wolfe On June 24 1912, Gédéon Sabatier and others were arrested for counterfeiting currency. After a sensational trial, Gédéon and an acclompice were sentenced to prison terms. His second wife was acquitted. Gédéon died in a prison hospital on December 16 1913.

lvii

Noel shows up on the passenger list of SS Berengaria at New York in 1933. He is described as a rubber merchant. On October 17 1936 he married Freda Marsh at All Saints Church in Tientsin, China. She was the daughter of Henry Frederick Marsh.

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All Saints Tientsin - one of the few surviving structures of the English Cantonment During World War II, Noel was a Captain with the 5

th Gurkha Rifles serving in China before being seconded to act

as an interpreter and cipher expert to the Australian military. Noel died in Victoria, British Columbia on June 2 1965. Freda died there December 27 1997. Their descendants still live in the area. Desiree Pearl Wolfe married Ronald Montague-Smith about 1933. They had a son – Michael Ian Montague-Smith. They divorced in 1938. In 1940 Ronald married Evelyn Oaksford in London. Desiree retained custody of Michael Ian. On December 21 1939, Desiree married Leslie Caton Smith, a merchant. He was born in Mussorie India, the son of a British Army officer. Leslie and Desiree had a daughter, Carol, born in Singapore in late 1941 or early 1942. In November 1942, Desiree, along with son Ian and infant Carol arrive in San Francisco from Australia having left Singapore before it fell to the Japanese on February 15 1942. Leslie Caton Smith’s whereabouts during this period is not known to me but they all survived the war In November 1945 Desiree and the two children travelled from Canada to England. They reunited with Leslie and returned to Singapore for several years. In 1948 they travelled to Canada. In 1951 they enter England from Canada with new-born daughter Heather. Desiree and Leslie ultimately retired to Chichester Sussex where Desiree died in 1988.

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As an aside, Leslie Caton Smith had a younger brother – Alec Caton Smith. Alec worked for the Nestle Company in the Philippines where he married Mary Roloff, the daughter of an American Army officer. They were caught up in the Japanese invasion of the Philippines and interned in Manila. In the month after the Japanese surrender they and their children along with other internees were evacuated back to San Francisco. They returned to the Philippines and were joined by Mary’s mother who later returned to the States in 1948. Subsequently, the family moved to Vevay Switzerland where Alec worked at the Nestle headquarters. His mother-in-law died there in 1963. Alec and Mary retired to Jersey in the Channel Islands. Alec died in 1980, Mary in 1971 And what of Samuel Williamson Wolfe, the father of these people? Samuel was interned in Shanghai after the Japanese took over the International Settlement on December 8 1941. Enemy civilians were held in a number of camps in the Shanghai area. Also interned was Henry Fredrick Marsh, father of Samuel’s daughter-in-law Freda. He had been the manager of the Kailan Mining Administration and was held at the Weihsien Internment Camp. Luckily either Samuel or his wife Blanche had Canadian citizenship at this time or had friends in Canada with some influence. Canadian internees or those married to Canadians were eligible for limited prisoner exchanges. Samuel was part of the second and last such exchange involving Shanghai internees. In late 1943 he boarded the Japanese ship Teia Maru and traveled to the neutral port of Mormugao in Portuguese India. There they were exchanged for a group of Japanese nationals from the United States..They returned to New York on the neutral Swedish ship SS Gripsholm under the protection of the International Red Cross, arriving December 1 1943. Samuel was 71 years of age. Henry Frederick Marsh was not so fortunate remaining an internee until the end of the war.

SS Gripsholm in neutral markings

Samuel died in Victoria British Columbia on November 2 1952. His wife Blanche died there on December 10 1969. Pierre Montcalm Wolfe qualified as a doctor and practiced in Victoria BC. His family still lives in the area.

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Joseph Alleyn Wolfe – born 1845 Joseph Alleyn Wolfe was born in Cork in 1845. Like several of his brothers he moved to England to work for railway companies. In 1871 he married Harriet Rundle

lviii, a young widow from London. She had previously been

married to Joseph Thomas Frost. Her father was a mattress manufacturer. They had three daughters, Florence Kezie Wolfe, Maud Aileen Wolfe and Una Nora Wolfe. By 1874, Joseph was stationmaster at Borough Green in Kent – part of the London Chatham & Dover railway company.

Borough Green Station

Joseph died in 1881, supposedly of tuberculosis. Harriet married for a third time. With Franks Probyns, who owned a horse hair manufactury, Harriet had two more daughters. Florence Kezie married Thomas Donnelly in 1896

lix and they had one daughter, Ella Florence. Thomas Donnelly’s father, also Thomas was a Dublin-born

shoemaker who ended his days as a lunatic in the London County Asylum. Florence Kezie and Thomas had four children, Ella Florence, Hilda Grace, Alleyn Gilbert and Kathleen Maud. Ella and Hilda married and their descendants live in England. Una Nora married Charles Herbert in 1904.

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Wolfes of Cork in the 1911 Census

The 1911 Census of Ireland took place on the night of April 2 1911. It records the extended Wolfe family across Cork City. Abraham Jennings Wolfe is long dead by 1911. But his family is recorded in the Census. His widow, Mary (Minnie) nee Mahony, is carrying on the family pawnbrokers business at 16 Lavitts Quay. She is living in the larger apartments over the shop. She states that her marriage had produced 10 children with 7 still living in 1911. The enumerator had crossed out this information as it was required only for current marriages but it is still legible on the Census return. Above her, in the top apartment, lives her daughter Minnie, with husband Albert Rainsbury and their young daughters Alberta and Winifred. Albert works as a pawnbroker, presumably in the shop below and is the son of a grocer from Queenstown (Cobh). A ten minute walk across the flat of the City and the South Channel of the River Lee will take you to Dean Street. At Number 3 resides another daughter Annie (my great grandmother) married to boot manufacturer William McNay and their eight children. (At 4 Bridge Street lives William McNay’s father, also William, over his boot shop. His Scottish born wife Marion is listed as well as widowed daughter Lizzie and granddaughter Marion Hamilton

lx).

At Number 4 Dean Street lives another daughter Jennie – married to William Finegan, retired RIC Head Constable and now working as a pawnbroker’s manager. At a house called ‘Cittadella’ off the Blackrock Road is distant cousin Thomas Wolfe from Skibbereen. Staying with him are Harriet Wolfe, widow of Edward Richard Wolfe, Abraham’s second son, and her children, William Cooper Wolfe and Mary Cooper Wolfe. Also there is another cousin, Sarah Christine Wolfe, who is studying medicine in Cork. Several miles downriver in the suburb of Monkstown, daughter Sophie is living with her baker husband Robert Hosford and their son Benjamin. At Bishopstown, on the western fringe of the city, lives son Charles, with his wife Martha and their young family. He too is a pawnbroker with premises at 4 Shandon Street on the north-side of the city. A son, Abraham Joseph Wolfe, had married Nellie Whelan in the 1898. He converted to Catholicism for the marriage. How much of a rift this may have caused in the family at that time is uncertain. What we do know is that he and his wife left for the United States in 1910 leaving their children in the care of the Whelans and their

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relatives. Sons Joseph Abraham and Charles lived with the Colemans (their aunt and uncle) until joining their parents in Boston in 1911. Daughter Maureen lived with her Whelan grandparents until 1914 when she came to Boston. The youngest daughter Eileen lived with her Griffins aunt and uncle until 1920 when she too crossed the Atlantic. Barnabas Wolfe had died in 1885. Three of his daughters are recorded in the Census, one in Cork City and two in Youghal. Marian is recorded in Cork with her three children. Also with them is three year old Richard Noel Wolfe, son of Robert Inglewood Wolfe. He must have been sent to his aunt from South Africa after his mother died. Marian is recorded as married but her husband is missing. There is one Jeremiah Joseph Twomey in the Census, of approximately the right age, and he is an inmate of an asylum run by the Presentation Sister on the Glanmire Road. Annie, and her children are recorded in Friar Street in Youghal. Her physician husband signs the form but is presumably away on Census night. Pauline and family are all recorded in Youghal.

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16 Lavitts Quay, although threatened with destruction over the years, survives. As a protected structure representing a fine example of an early nineteenth century merchants home, it was incorporated in an (banal in my opinion) development in late 2008.

16 Lavitts Quay in 2009 (Interestingly, next door to 16 Lavitts Quay was a pub called ‘Alaska Jacks’ In the dwelling above the pub lived an RIC Constable called Denis Whelan (with no known relation to the Whelans above as he was born in Queen’s County (Laois). His son John Whelan, born in 1901, later became famous as a writer using the Irish form of his name - Seán Ó Faoláin. I have no doubt that, given their proximity and the RIC connection between the families, that they knew each other). In a paper published in 2003, economist Cormac Ó Gráda described the spectacular collapse of the Munster Bank in 1886. Here he describes one of those involved: “On Tuesday 14 July, the day the bank suspended payments, Commendatore John Delany, a major building contractor in Cork and a member of the ruling coalition on that City’s corporation appeared before the Court of Bankruptcy in Dublin. As Delany’s fate became known that afternoon, the run on the Munster Bank’s two Dublin branches intensified. The bank would have failed regardless, but Delany’s appearance in the bankruptcy court may explain why it suspended operations in Dublin half an hour earlier than normal, though the Cork head office stayed open till the usual closing time. The case is also interesting for the light it throws on the Munster s lending practices. Delany’s bankruptcy, it seems, had been prompted by big losses on a contract in Queenstown. He had been one of Cork’s biggest employers, paying out as much as £300 in wages weekly, and successful enough to win the contract to build the structure that housed the Cork Exhibition in 1883. He had lived in some style, owning a house in suburban Monkstown and a yacht which had cost him £4,000, but which he later sold for half that. In court it emerged that the balance against him at the Munster was £32,900. A measure of Delany s fall was his confession in court that shortly before stopping payment he had removed some property from his premises to the rear of a house where he had been working on a contract. A day or two later this property was his security against an advance of £40 from Abraham Wolfe, a pawnbroker on Lavitts Quay. According to the Constitutions

reporter news about Delany led to a considerable fall in the Munster s shares on the Dublin stock exchange, before any news of the impending suspension”

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Of Coopers and Wolfes from Skibbereen We’ve seen that the Wolfes of West Cork are distantly related to the Wolfes of Cork City. There is another connection by marriage and another by location. Abraham Jennings Wolfe’s eldest son Edward married Harriet Cooper around 1893. Harriet’s aunt was Mary Cooper (born in 1835 in Skibbereen). On June 14 1853 Mary Cooper married George Wolfe of Ballydehob at Creagh Church of Ireland on the road to Baltimore. George and Mary had two children, Nannie Wolfe and Thomas Edward Wolfe. Thomas Edward was a seed merchant. He married Anna Farris and they lived in a house called ‘Cittadella’ off the Blackrock Road in Cork City. ‘Cittadella’ had formerly been a private lunatic asylum.

1841 Ordnance Survey used for 1851 Griffith’s Valuation showing Cittadella and St John’s Lane From Lewis’ Topographical Survey (1838): “near Ballintemple are two private lunatic asylums. Cittadella, belonging to Joshua Bull, Esq., was established by the late Dr. Hallaran, in 1798, and has secluded pleasure grounds for the use of the patients”.

Gretta, the youngest daughter of Anne Wolfe and William McNay lived for many years with her husband Fred Brownlow at 3 St Johns – next door to ‘Cittadella’! Thomas Edward Wolfe of ‘Cittadella’ died on September 7 1952. Thomas Edward Wolfe had a cousin (once removed) called Sarah Christine Wolfe from Skibbereen. On the night of the 1911 Census, she was staying at ‘Cittadella’ studying medicine at University College Cork. Her family were Methodists – John Wesley having preached several times in West Cork there was a strong streak of Methodism in the area. When Sarah qualified, she moved to China as a medical missionary where she became known as ‘Doctor Sally’. She escaped Shanghai just before the Japanese occupation and died in Canada July 15 1975. Jane Wright has written a biography – “She Left Her Heart In China: The Story Of Dr. Sally Wolfe, Medical Missionary 1915-1951”

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Another Methodist cousin was Jasper Travers Wolfe. Born in Skibbereen in 1872, he qualified as a solicitor. He made speeches supporting Home Rule in London in 1912. From 1916-1923 he was Crown Prosecutor for West Cork. During the War of Independence, several attempts were made on his life. After the Civil War, he defended many of the Anti-Treaty forces in court. In 1927, he was elected to the Dail as an Independent T.D. for Cork West, winning re-election twice. He was the first Corkman to be President of the Incorporated Law Society of Ireland. He died on August 27 1952. The law firm he founded in 1894 – Wolfe & Co of Skibbereen – is still in existence. Jasper Ungoed-Thomas has written a biography – “Jasper Wolfe of Skibbereen”

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Index

B

Bandon ........................................................................ 3, 14, 16, 23 Barracks ................................................................................. 11, 13 Beanhill .......................................................................................... 4 Brighton ............................................................................... 8, 9, 24 British Columbia ........................................................ 10, 11, 27, 28

C

California ......................................................................... 13, 15, 22 Canada .........................................7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 27, 33 Census .............................. 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 17, 23, 29, 30, 31, 33 Church of Ireland ........................................................................ 33 Clonakilty ................................................................................... 3, 4 Courtmacsherry .................................................................... 3, 6, 8

D

Doctor ............................................................ 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 28 Droumgarriffe ........................................................................... 4, 8

G

Great Western ............................................................................ 10

I

India ................................................................................. 11, 18, 27

K

Kent ................................................................................. 10, 11, 28 Kilnagross ...................................................................................... 4 Knocknapanery ........................................................... See Beanhill

L

Lavitts Quay......................................................... 16, 17, 30, 31, 32

Los Angeles ............................................................................ 10, 12

M

Maine ........................................................................................... 12 Massachusetts ...........................................................13, 18, 22, 23

N

New Brunswick ................................................................ 11, 13, 14

P

Passchendaele ............................................................................. 14

Q

Québec ........................................................................................ 10

R

R.I.C Royal Irish Constabulary ................................................. 5, 7, 17

S

Shanghai .......................................................................... 25, 27, 33 Skibbereen ...................................................... 3, 17, 30, 32, 33, 34 South Africa .................................................... 9, 12, 14, 18, 24, 30

W

Washington State ........................................................................ 12 Wolfe of Quebec ....................................................................... 3, 8

Y

Youghal ............................................................... 13, 14, 15, 30, 31

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Endnotes & Source Documents

ENDNOTES & SOURCE DOCUMENTS

i From ‘The Woulfe/Wolfe Surname in Ireland’ by Paul MacCotter “The likely ancestor of many Cork Wolfes was John Wolfe, one of the original settlers to found the walled Protestant plantation town of Bandon, around 1613. He witnessed a Bandon will in 1629 and was named as one of the town's chief citizens two years later. He is described as of Kilbrogan, just outside of the town, in 1637, the year of his death” ii From Parliamentary Papers 1841

List of freeholders at election July 13 1841 John Woulfe Droumgarriffe freehold ratable value £10 - voted for Leader and Longfield over Roche and O'Connell iii Transcription of A Deed (registered) 841 208 564208 Dated 7th October 1828

Catherine, widow of Allan Wilson, late of Dromgarriff, Co Cork, John Wolfe of Dromgariff and his wife, Elizabeth Wolfe, alias [nee] Wilson, Mary Sutton, alias [nee] Wilson of Ring [Ringrone] Co Cork, widow, William Varnan, Ballylangley, Co Cork farmer, Charles & Hewitt Wilson, both of Co Cork farmers (Elizabeth, Mary, Charles & Hewitt are children of said Allen Wilson), William Beamish, Knockavoreen, Co Cork (1); Rev. Horatio Townsend the elder, Derry, Co Cork Clerk (2); Rev Horatio Townsend, the younger (3). Reciting that (1) demised to (3) the land at Carran, Barony of Carbery, Co Cork. iv Will 1810

Richard Wolfe Will 1810 names sons: John, Richard (eldest), Robert, Thomas brother in law, Boyle Travers exec and Jasper ?

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v

Descendants of Alleyne Wolfe (b 1820)

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vi

Extract from discharge papers 1865 for Alleyne Wolfe (b 1820) vii

1796 Flax Growers of Ireland – Cork Wolfe James Ballymoney Cork Wolfe John Fanlobbus Cork Wolfe Joseph Kilmeen Cork viii

Lewis’ Topographical Directory of Ireland (1837) CLONAKILTY, or CLOUGHNAKILTY, an incorporated sea-port, market and post-town (formerly a parliamentary

borough), in the parish of KILGARRIFFE, East Division of the barony of EAST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 25 1/2 miles (S. W. by S.) from Cork, and 15l 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Dublin; containing 3807 inhabitants. This town, anciently called Tuogh Mc Cilti, appears to have had a corporation at an early period, for, in the records of the city of Cork, there is a petition from the portreeve and corporation of Clonakilty, dated July 5th, 1605: it, however, owes its importance to the family of Boyle. Sir Richard Boyle, first Earl of Cork, obtained for the inhabitants, in 1613, a charter of incorporation from Jas. I. On the breaking out of the war in 1641, the English settlers in the town were compelled to flee for refuge to Bandon, carrying with them the charter and muniments of the borough. In the following year, Lord Forbes, with his English regiment from Kinsale and some companies from Bandon, arrived here, and leaving two companies of Scottish troops and one of the Bandon companies to secure the place till his return, proceeded on his expedition towards the west. This force was, soon after his departure, attacked by multitudes on all sides; and the Scottish troops refusing to retreat, were cut to pieces. The Bandon company defended themselves, with great difficulty, in an old Danish fort on the road to Ross, till a reinforcement came to their relief, when they unitedly attacked the Irish, and forced them into the island of Inchidony, when, the tide coming in, upwards of 600 of them were drowned. The troops then returned to the town, to relieve a great number of their friends who had been taken prisoners, and were confined in the market-house. In 1691, the town was attacked by 800 Irish troops in the service of Jas. II., but they were quickly repulsed by the garrison, consisting of 50 dragoons and 25 foot. During the disturbances of 1798, a skirmish took place here between the king's forces and the insurgents, in which many of the latter were killed and the remainder dispersed.

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The town is situated on the Gorar or Farla river, which falls into the bay close to the principal street, and in a pleasant fertile valley environed by hills of moderate elevation, which descend to the harbour. It consists of four principal streets diverging at right angles from the centre, and is well supplied with water from two public pumps erected by the Earl of Shannon. It has been much improved recently by the erection of several good houses and a spacious square, the centre of which is planted and laid out in walks, so as to form an agreeable promenade. Some excellent roads have also been made in the neighbourhood. A public library was established by a body of shareholders, in 1825: there are also three news-rooms and a lending library for the poor. Balls are occasionally given in the rooms over the market-house, during the sessions week. There are commodious infantry barracks for 4 officers and 68 privates. The staple trade of the town is the linen manufacture, which furnishes employment to 400 looms and 1000 persons, who manufacture to the amount of £250 or £300 weekly, but when the trade was in the height of its prosperity, the weekly sales were frequently £1000. The cotton-manufacture also employs about 40 looms. A spacious linen-hall was built some years since by the Earl of Shannon: it is attended by a sworn salesman and three deputies, by whom all the cloth brought to the hall is measured and marked. The corn trade is carried on chiefly by agents for the Cork merchants, who ship it here and receive coal as a return cargo. There are 14 lighters of 17 tons burden each regularly employed in raising and conveying sand to be used in the neighbourhood as manure. The harbour is only fit for small vessels, the channel being extremely narrow and dangerous, and having at the entrance a bar, over which vessels above 100 tons can only pass at high spring tides: large vessels, therefore, discharge their cargoes at Ring, about a mile below the town. It is much used as a safety harbour by the small craft for several miles along the coast. The market is held on Friday, and is amply supplied with good and cheap provisions; and three fairs are held under the charter on April 5th, Oct. 10th, and Nov. 12th, and two subsequently established on June 1st and Aug. 1st, all for cattle, sheep, and pigs; the Oct. and Nov. fairs are noted for a large supply of turkeys and fowls. A spacious market-house has been built, at an expense of £600; and shambles were erected in 1833, by the corporation, on ground let rent-free by the Earl of Shannon, who is proprietor of the borough. A chief constabulary police force has been stationed here.

By the charter of Jas. I. the inhabitants were incorporated under the designation of the "Sovereign, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Cloughnakilty;" and Sir Richard Boyle was constituted lord of the town, with power to appoint several of the officers, and to a certain extent to superintend the affairs of the corporation, which was to consist of a sovereign and not less than 13 nor more than 24 burgesses, assisted by a serjeant-at-mace, three constables, a toll-collector, and weighmaster. The sovereign is annually elected by the lord of the town out of three burgesses chosen by the corporation, and the recorder is also appointed by him. Vacancies among the burgesses are filled up by themselves from among the freemen, who are admitted solely by favour of the corporation. The sovereign and recorder are justices of the peace within the borough, the limits of which extend for a mile and a half in every direction from a point nearly in the centre of the town, called the Old Chapel. The charter conferred the right of sending two members to the Irish parliament, which it continued to exercise till the Union, when the £15,000 awarded as compensation for its disfranchisement was paid to the Earl of Shannon, a descendant of Sir Richard Boyle. The sovereign and recorder were empowered to hold a court of record, for the recovery of debts and the determination of all pleas to the amount of £20 late currency; but since the passing of the act limiting the power of arrest to sums exceeding £20, it has been discontinued. A manorial court is held every third Wednesday by a seneschal appointed by the Earl of Shannon, which takes cognizance of debts and pleas not exceeding 40s.; and the sovereign and recorder hold courts of petty session in the market-house, every Monday. Petty sessions are also held every Thursday by the county magistrates; and the general quarter sessions for the West Riding of the county are held here in July. The county court-house is a neat edifice of hewn stone, ornamented with a pediment and cornice supported by two broad pilasters, between which is a handsome Venetian window. Connected with it is a bridewell, and both were erected at the expense of the county.

The parish church of Kilgarriffe is situated in the town, on an eminence to the north of the main street: it is a plain edifice, with a square tower at the west end, and was rebuilt in 1818, at an expense of £1300, of which £500 was a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, and the remainder was contributed by the Earl of Shannon and the Rev. H. Townsend. In the R. C. divisions this place gives name to a union or district, comprising the parishes of Kilgarriffe, Kilnagross, Templeomalus, Carrigrohanemore, Desart, Templebryan, and parts of the parishes of Kilkerranmore and Inchidony: the chapel is a spacious building, and there is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. A classical school was established in 1808, under the patronage of the Earl of Shannon, who has assigned a large and handsome house, with land, for the residence of the master: there are more than 60 boys on the establishment. A dispensary, a house of industry, and a benevolent society have been established, which

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have been found highly beneficial, and are liberally supported by the Earl of Shannon and the inhabitants generally. The late Michael Collins, D. D., R. C. Bishop of Cloyne and Ross, who was author of several tracts on the state of Ireland, and was examined before a committee of the House of Commons, in 1825, was a native of this place. About a mile north of the town is a tolerably perfect druidical temple, some of the stones of which are nearly as large as those of Stonehenge; the centre stone of the circle is very large, and is composed of one mass of white quartz.

ix Inglis – A Journey Throughout Ireland (1834)

“The fine country, and good husbandry in the neighbourhood of Cork do not extend far in this direction. At the

distance of but a few miles I found the land under very imperfect cultivation ; and all of it, susceptible of great improvement. Near to Bandon, the appearance of the country improves; and there is a slight approach to the picturesque, in following the course of the river. Bandon was once a flourishing manufacturing town; but its

manufactures have some time ceased: and although the immediate destitution occasioned by the loss of trade, has been somewhat cured by emigration and otherwise, Bandon is at present a poor town, and is stocked with paupers. I did not stop to make any particular inquiries; and can therefore speak of Bandon only as I saw it, en passant. From Bandon, the road winds through a bare, ill-cultivated country, to Clonakilty. Proceeding in this

direction, things appeared to be evidently getting worse. The cabins almost reminded me of Callen; and every thing had a poor, neglected aspect. Clonakilty is another decayed town:— there was formerly a good linen trade in it; but that manufacture does not now exist; and the town is at present without any means of support, except

that which arises from agricultural labour, and the more precarious trade of fishing. I noticed much obvious misery; and the number of bare-footed persons had greatly increased.”

x Posted in the town of Clonakilty May 1823

“This is to let the Protestants know there is a scourge over them from the almighty God. I am the man…that will give it. (signed) Jack Rock” xi From Parliamentary Papers – Grand Jury evidence

COPY OF THE MINUTES OF EVIDENCE. Bandon, 7th July 1842. John Beamish Williams sworn—Recollects going on the 15th of June with a Party from Bandon, consisting of about 200 Persons, amongst whom there were several Ladies; they were bent on a Pleasure Trip to Courtmasherry, distant about Eight Miles. Some of the Party were on Cars. There was with them an Amateur Band. The Band played first at Barly Field, the Residence of Mrs. Seeley; there was no Party Tune played. They approached the Burren Rock about Eleven o'Clock A.m. ; saw a great Number of Boats approaching the Rock; Green Branches were placed in their Sterns. The Boatmen jumped out of their Boats, took up Stones, and came quite close to Deponent, when he addressed them, saying, "Boys, we came out here not to offend you, and we will give you Money to drink ;" heard several of the Boatmen say, in Irish, "Beat the Protestants." He was then pushed at by some one; he turned round, and got a Blow of a Stone, which knocked him down. Mr. Cotter then implored them to desist, or they would be sorry for it ; was knocked down again by Showers of Stones ; was then struck by a Person who held a Tiller of a Boat; was lying down when John Giles of Bandon come to his Assistance ; thinks there were upwards of 200 engaged in this Attack; the Band escaped whilst Deponent was first speaking to the Assailants; saw no Party Colour on any of the Party, or in the Boats which were to ferry his Party across; when Deponent and his Friends retreated, they followed about Half a Mile ; there was no Shot fired up to this Period; does not know any of the Party; would identify Two or Three Persons; a Countryman came to his Assistance, and prevented his being further ill-used ; he then went to Mr. Robertson's House; saw there Major Scott and Mr. Madling, Officer of the Coast Guard; went then from Mr. Robertson's down to Harbour View to dine ; there were Two or Three Roman Catholics of this Party; there might have been more ; some Friends were to come from Clonabally to join them; heard there were about Fifty from other Places. There were about Thirty Boats containing Boatmen who attacked them.

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John Giles sworn—Went with the Party on the 15th of June; their Object was to go on a Pleasure Trip; the Band did not play any Party Tune ; saw no Colours worn by his Party; heard no Shot as he approached the Burren Rock ; saw a large Collection of Boats, amounting to about Fifty; many of them had Green Boughs; heard the Crews shouting ; they then jumped out, saying, in Irish, "Beat the Protestants;" they immediately threw Stones, and struck Informant and others ; he then addressed them, saying, "It was not to give Offence they came there;" they notwithstanding continued to throw Stones ; he saw Mr. Williams knocked down, went to his Assistance, and shared the same Fate ; whilst giving Aid to Mr. Williams was repeatedly knocked down ; Showers of Stones fell about them ; Two Men commenced beating him about the Head at this Juncture ; Two Men offered to protect them ; he then proceeded with Mr. Williams to Mr. Robertson's; his Party were all at this Time dispersed; on their Way a Country Girl addressed them, saying it was reported for a Fortnight that they were coming out with their Band to vex the Catholics; when arrived at Mr. Robertson's they washed their Wounds ; he was told that Major Scott, the Magistrate, was outside; then went to Harbour View, hearing that the Rest of his Party were there; Mr. Dowd and some other Roman Catholics were of the Party ; saw no Party Colour or Shot fired, or any Kind of Offence given, when they were attacked; was very ill for some Days, attended by a Medical Man. Thomas Williams sworn—Was one of the Party on the 15th of June ; saw no Party Colour; heard no Shot fired, nor any thing done by his Party calculated to give Offence ; saw the Crews of the Boats, which were decorated with Green Boughs, jump out; heard them say " Strike the Protestants;" this appeared to him to be a general Exclamation; they then threw Stones; was twice knocked down; saw Mr. Williams, his Father, knocked down ; he was in a senseless State, and cannot tell how he got away ; would be able to identify some of the Assailants ; it is a Rule of the Band not to play Party Tunes ; there were Eight or Ten Men in each of the Boats; many had with them the Hooks with which they cut the Seaweed. Denis Dowd lives in Bandon ; is a Roman Catholic ; was with the Bandon Party on the 15th of June ; saw no Party Colours ; did not hear one offensive Word, or any thing calculated to irritate ; heard a Week before this Party was to go to Courtmasherry on a Pleasure Trip; there were Two other Roman Catholics. William Richards was with the Party on the 15th of June ; played in the Band this Day; there was no Party Tune played; this Witness's Testimony as to the Attack is similar to the other Witnesses. James Walter Travers Esq., R.N., sworn—Recollects the Morning of 15th of June ; promised his Boat for the Use of the Bandon Band for a Pleasure Trip; anchored his Boat about Ten o'Clock ; saw the Band some Time afterwards near the Church ; the larger Number of the Party, who were following the Band, passed over the Strand at Lismalee ; the Remainder, amounting to about Forty, with the Band, proceeded to the Burren Rock; got his Boat under weigh, and went in that Direction to receive them ; the Wind falling light, they reached the Point first; in his Boat he had a perfect View of the Beach ; about an Hour and a Half previous to this Boats arrived from the South and East at Courtmasherry, in Number about Fifty or Fifty-four; they were decorated with Green Boughs, and yelled when they entered the Harbour ; they collected at the King's Quay; when the Band made its Appearance near the Burren Rock the Boats shoved across ; saw many of the Crews jump out of their Boats, when the Head of the Bandon Party appeared to near them ; saw the Band retreating ; saw the Boatmen as if in the Act of Stone-throwing ; then perceived Two of the Bandon Party as if cut off, whom he now believes to have been Messrs. Giles and Williams •, saw a Third Person, in a Linen Dress, running as if for his Life, and swerving as if from Stones ; there appeared to be Ringleaders, as they were cheered on by Two or Three Persons when they were about to stop; saw Mr. Cotter stop between the Bandon Party and their Assailants, and appear to importune them to desist from Violence, with his Hands upraised ; they pursued some considerable Distance; Deponent then returned to Courtmasherry; the Boats had returned to the King's Quay ; they then in great Numbers went to the House of Mrs. O'Brien, and rolled a Tar Barrel away opposite the Coast Guard Station, where they set fire to it, and then carried it on Men's Shoulders about the Village, a very large Mob followed this ; Pat Corrig (his Boatman) told him they were speaking in Irish, and that they intended to make another Attack on the Bandon Party; went immediately across to Harbour View to caution them, there saw Major Scott, J.P., and Mr. Madling ; the Boats again crossed over ; saw Major Scott, J.P., addressing them as they approached the Water's Edge ; remained where he was until the Bandon Party went away ; it was then near Four o'Clock; was subsequently told that Two Persons were Prisoners in Courtmasherry, and were surrounded by a very violent Mob; immediately informed Major Scott, who at once proceeded with Eight Policemen to the Spot; found the Timoleague Constabulary protecting a House in which it was supposed a Person of the Bandon Party was concealed; Major Scott here read the Riot Act; some of the Police were left at a House, and Major Scott and the rest of the Party proceeded to a Second House, where a Man named Wolfe was surrounded by a Mob; heard no Shot fired; on the Flag Staff of the Waterguard was hoisted a Red Flag. B. Madling, Coast Guard Officer, sworn—Recollects 15th of June; saw between Eight and Nine o'Clock that Morning a Number of Boats, with Green Boughs in their Sterns, coming up the Harbour; their Crews were yelling j thought it a very unusual Sight; has been Nineteen Years at Courtmasherry ; made Inquiry what could be the

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Intention of the Boats thus assembled, but could get no Explanation ; saw them congregating until about Half past Ten o'Clock ; kept up shouting at Intervals; Two Boats, that he understood were to bring the Band over, had passed towards the Burren Rock j saw the Boats from the King's Quay dash across; then thought something serious might occur; directed his chief Boatman to take charge of the Watch-house, and to keep a Look-out, and when he made Signal to bring over the Arms; then rowed over, and got amongst the Boats just as the Attack commenced; saw Stones flying in all Directions, and People jumping out of their Boats ; made the preconcerted Signal to the Boatman for his Arms; not being answered, he pulled to Courtmasherry ; was about Fifteen Minutes; then returned East of the Scene of Attack about Half an English Mile ; went on to Flaxford Cross ; there met the Bandon Party, dispersed in Groups; went up with some of the Party to Mr. Robertson's ; returned to the Strand with Major Scott, J. P., and was then told by one of his Men that a Second Attack was contemplated ; after this saw the Boats approaching; Major Scott sent a Messenger for the Police; heard a Shot fired on the Strand, about 200 Steps below, between Harbour View and the Ferry; it struck him that it was one of the Clonakilty Party that had fired, and the Report sounded like a Pistol Shot; has not asked since, though one of his Men went down to ascertain this Fact; as the Boats neared the Shore the Second Time, Major Scott, who was on Horseback, galloped down ; Witness followed; Major Scott reached just as the First Boat' touched ; Witness then got into the Coast Guard Boat, accompanied by Major Scott, who addressed the Crews; the Boats then dispersed, but the Witness marked several of them for not being numbered. The Flag on the Staff at the Watch-house was hoisted out of Respect to the Bandon Party. Edward Madling,, Son to last Witness, sworn—Corroborates the Testimonies of the other Persons examined. Thos. Beamish sworn—Gives similar Testimony. James Hamilton sworn—Gives similar Testimony. Robert Hamilton sworn—Gives similar Testimony. John Cotter—Gives similar Testimony. Robert Falvery sworn—Believes that it was considered that the Bandon Party came out to exhibit Party Colours and to play Party Tunes; the Country People believe that Orangemen and Protestants are synonymous Terms; the Irish Expression of Sassanagh and Orangemen are, he thinks, the same. Denis Hurly sworn—Proves to the Number of Boats congregated; supports the other Evidence. George Kingston sworn—Corroborates the other Witnesses. William Phibbs sworn—Similar Testimony to other Witnesses. John Perrott sworn—Proves the congregating of the Boats with Green Boughs, and that the Crews cried out for O'Connell, and Heigh for the Green ; that he protected a Man named Wolfe, who was pelted with Stones; brought him to his House, where he remained for Three Hours; Wolfe gave him a Pistol, saying another had been taken from him. John Seley sworn —Corroborates last Witness in the Attack made on Wolfe, and also deposes as to the unusual Assemblage of Boats. Joseph. M'carthy sworn—Deposes that Mr. Henry Hamilton told him that the Bandon Party were casting Bullets. Robert Reid—Corroborates the other Witnesses. William Bennett—Corroborates the other Witnesses. David Donohue—Corroborates the other Witnesses. Matthew Scott, J. P., sworn—On the 15th he was very ill; heard that a Party from Bandon had been attacked, and wanted Protection ; that Three Men had been very severely beaten ; that they then were at Mr. Robertson's ; got his Horse and proceeded there; there saw Two Mr. Williams and Mr.Giles; the elder Mr.Williams was much injured about his Head; sent immediately for the Constabulary ; then accompanied them to Harbour View; there was there assembled about 150 Persons of the Bandon Party; whilst standing there Three of the Bandon Party went upon the Strand, and fired a Shot; he then perceived the Boats, which had again congregated on the opposite Side, commence plying, and were directing their Course to Flaxford Strand; rode down to meet them, directing Mr. Madling with his Sailors to follow; on his Arrival One Boat had touched the Shore, and the Crew was jumping out; they refused to give their Names; there was no Number on the Boats or Names of Owners; they pushed off from the Shore, he then got into the Queen's Boat with Mr. Madling, and followed the Boats, to try if he could identify any of the Crews; when the Boatmen perceived they were watched, they pulled in different Directions; Eighteen or Twenty of them drew up under Mrs. Leslie's; he remonstrated with them on their illegal Conduct, they said to him, " Did you not hear the Shot ? Were we not challenged ?" he then continued his Course up the River in chase of the other Boats; then returned to Flax- ford, where he got on his Horse, and rode up to Harbour View, where the Ban don Party were eating their Dinner; he remained with them for a con- siderable Time; Lieutenant Travers, R.N., came to him and informed him, that Two Persons had been obliged to seek Refuge in Courtmasherry, one in Mrs. Leslie's House, the other in Mr. Perrott's; there were a considerable Number of Persons round these Houses ; he made necessary Arrangements to ensure the Safety of these Men, One of whom he brought to his House. Several Witnesses were examined, but their Evidence was a mere Repetition of what has already been written, Informations were sworn against Thirty-four Persons, who have

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entered into Security to take their Trials at the October Bandon Sessions. These Informations have been lodged with the Clerk of the Peace. John Gore Jones. xii

The Wolfes of Ireland as I Remember Them, by - S. W. Wolfe.(Personal recollections written in 1952 with annotations by other family members) The Wolfes of Ireland as I Remember Them, by - S. W. Wolfe. Of my paternal grandparents I have no recollection. Whether they were living or dead at the time of my birth I do not know for sure. Alleyn Wolfe had been in the Police Service all his life & is reputed to have been tall and handsome. Sarah

1, his wife, my father told me, was

one of “the three beautiful Jennings girls”, of Bantry Bay, where their father was chief of the Coast Guard Service in the early years of the 19th century. (1 Sarah? Jane Jennings)

JOHN 1. Their first child was a son whom they christened JOHN. John was 20 years my father's senior, so must have been born in 1823. Nothing is known of his early years but that he migrated to England as a young man and there entered the service of the Great Western Railway Company, in which he spent the rest of his life. His wife, my aunt Charlotte, was a sweet old lady and reputed to belong to an aristocratic family – of which Lord Salisbury, the English prime minister in the days of my childhood, was the head. John and Charlotte had six children – John (known as “Jack”), Sophia, Edith, May, Gertrude, & Louis. Jack died of berry poisoning (deadly nightshade picked in a field, so I was told). Sophie married a lawyer's clerk named Monk – they had children, but how many I do not know. The other three sisters remained spinsters – at any rate up to the time I last heard of them (1947). Louis emigrated to Canada in his young days and returned to England as a soldier in the Canadian army during the first World War. What became of him after that I do not know. When first I met these Wolfes (about the year 1879) they were living in South Kensington, London. After Uncle John retired from the Railway Service the whole family moved to Brighton, Sussex, where first Uncle John, and then Aunt Charlotte died. All the daughters were still living in Brighton in 1947. Gertrude (Gertie) the youngest, was about my age. Louis was a year or two younger. I am not sure whether the second uncle was George, or William, but think it must have been George. GEORGE 2. Following the example of John, George left Ireland and went over to England to seek employment and there, too, he entered the Railway Service. In due course hne married. He and his wife lived somewhere in the Midlands, never had any children, were very religious people. I only saw Uncle George once, and that was when he visited us briefly one night in London when I was a very small child. I remember him vaguely as a tall, very serious looking man with a long beard, looking down at me in my little bed. He was killed in an accident at the railway station of which he was station master when he was – I judge – about 60 years of age.

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WILLIAM 3. The only way I can estimate the date of William's birth is by taking 65 as the date of his retirement on pension, which was about the year 1898. Thus I assume he was born in 1833. William, like his elder brothers, went over to England and joined the Railway, with which he remained all his life, steadily gaining promotions until he reached the age limit. He married three times. His first wife was Welsh by birth, and presented him with 3 sons during her life-time – William, Alleyn, and Llewellyn. Then she died of consumption so 'twas said. William's second wife was an English woman. Another son came of this marriage. He was called Harry, so presumably was christened Henry. Some years later she died. Briefly the history of their four sons is as follows:- William – or Willie as we always called him married Mary Hutchins. They had two children, Alleyn and Margaretta (“Getta”). Alleyn died as a child, about the year 1912. His father died soon after. Getta and her mother then went to live at Folkestone, where cousin Mary established the Barrelle Hotel. Getta married a young bank clerk named Godefroy and later divorced him. There were no children. Cousin Alleyn, Uncle William's second son, took up the sea as a profession and became a ship's officer in the British Mercantile Marine. After a while he thought to better himself ashore so left his ship either at a Canadian or American port, after which before long he ceased to write and all trace was lost of him. Uncle William after retiring from the railway resolved to try to find his missing son. How long he pursued the quest I do not know, but it led him to finding another wife – in, I believe, Montreal. The Canadian lady presented him with at least two – maybe three – children before he died. I recall seeing a photograph of himself, his third wife and new family, some years later – probably cousin Mary showed it me at Folkestone during one of our visits there. Whether Getta knows anything about them I cannot say. She never mentioned them to me but I feel sure some of them must be alive and probably living in Montreal or elsewhere in Canada. Cousin Llewellyn was about my age. Willie and Alleyn were some years older. Llewellyn, after leaving school joined the clerical staff of one of London's big hotels. Then, sometime after I went to South Africa (1890) he left England to seek fortune in Canada. Instead he found privation and early death. Cousin Harry, William's 4th son, lived long enough to marry. I believe I saw him once – when he was a very young child. Getta could give you further information regarding him and his widow if required. ALLEYN 4. This uncle – 4th. on my list – so far as I know, never left Ireland. He lived in Cork, was associated with the Tax Department of that city, was married, but I don't know his wife's name; they had three children – two sons and a daughter, named respectively Alleyn, Edward, and Elizabeth. The eldest of these – Alleyn – died when still a very young man. Edward – known to us as Ned – married in Cork a young lady named Ethel Fay. They had two children, “Jack” and Ivy. The sister of Ned, Elizabeth (known to us as Lizzie) was still a spinster when last I heard of her, but may have married since. I hope she has, for she was a nice soul! Cousin Ned was delicate – had chest trouble of some kind – so, on medical advice, he left Ireland for South Africa about the year 1896 or 1897, accompanied by his wife, the children, and his sister Lizzie. I met them on their arrival in Cape Town (Capetown) and saw them off to Bloemfontein, capital of the Orange Free State which has a fine dry climate, excellent for consumption. There (pmw:Ned?) Alleyn quickly found employment, as an accountant in the South African Government Railways. I visited them about a year later and found them very happily settled. Then in November 1899 the South African War broke out and all British people living in the Boer territories had to hurriedly leave for the coast. Ned sent his wife, children, and sister ahead to Capetown whilst he remained attending to his duties to the last. He left on the last train out of Bloemfontein; there was a collision during the night in which he was killed. Ethel married again some years later; a good man and kind father to her children. They subsequently had a daughter, and the two other children took their stepfather's name, so are

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no longer Wolfes. Their aunt Lizzie Wolfe returned to Ireland, and when last I heard of her was again living in her native town, Cork. BARNABAS.5. This uncle, commonly known as “Barney”, was father of our cousins, Dr. Robert Inglewood Wolfe and Dr. John Henry Wolfe, also of an older son William Wolfe, another son named Alleyn, and two daughters, Annie and Pauline. Uncle Barney joined the British Army as a young man and spent many years serving in India, some of which years his wife spent with him. What his occupation was after returning to Ireland I do not know, but he and his wife brought up their children well. They lived in Cork city. William their eldest boy, followed in his father's footsteps by joining the British Army in which also he put in long service in India. He was still in the army when last I saw him in England, and had recently married, when I went out to South Africa early in 1892. That was the last I heard of this cousin Willie. His brothers never talked of him and I forgetting his existence, never asked them about him. Robert Inglewood Wolfe (Bob) took his medical degree at Dublin University and then crossed over to England where he “walked” the famous London Hospital for a while, before establishing himself in practice at Walthamstown, Essex, where I spent part of a holiday with him on my first return to England during January, 1900. Early in the year 1903, Bob sold his Walthamstown practice and transferred himself, his wife and children (3) to Paarl in the Cape Colony of South Africa to become partner of the District Surgeon there, for which partmnership he paid £1000-0-0. Shortly afterwards he took over the whole practice and continued in it for several years, during which his wife died and he married again – very unfortunately. When the First World War broke out and General Bothe invaded & captured German West Africa Cousin Bob went with the South African Forces as military surgeon. I think also he must have gone on with the army to the East African campaign, when the Germans were ousted from that part of Africa now known as Kenya. With the return of peace he settled in Durban, Natal, becoming Port doctor, which post he retained until his death not long afterwards. I have forgotten the names of his children. They left South Africa and returned to England about the time their father went on military service. The daughter subsequently married a dentist named William (“Billie”) Bolster whom she accompanied to India when he became a military dental surgeon. Later Bolster returned to civilian life in England, and was in practice in one of the London districts when I briefly visited them in the summer of 1927. One of the sons went out to Ceylon on a teaplanters estate, then returned to England and entered the employ of Lyons, Ltd. The other went abroad also, but where and what his career has been I do not know. Alleyn Wolfe was the next son after Bob. He was a year or two older than myself. He thought at one time of entering the Church (C. of E.) and went to Durham University, which I believe is much favoured by the theological students, but abandoned the project after a while, and returned to Ireland, where he joined the staff of the “Cork Examiner”, the City's principal newspaper. About 1897 Alleyn was engaged to go out to South Africa for appointment as advertising manager on the 'Johannesburg Star'. There he married an English girl named Aimee Kirton. Obliged to leave Jo'burg when the war broke out, November 1899, they came down to Capetown, in which city their three children were born: - Denis (1900), followed by Terence and Dorothy, whose birth dates I don not remember. Later Alleyn established himself in practice in Capetown as a chartered accountant. He died in his native city of Cork about 2 years ago. His wife is now married again. Denis and Terence both married and both are dead. Their sister is married to a lawyer in Ireland. John Henry Wolfe known to us as “Harry” was born in Cork City on the 9th. Of January 1872. He chose the sea as a profession and was apprenticed in the English Mercantile Marine. After a period of this he quit – in San Francisco, I believe – and spent a while in the U.S.A. Then he came back, decided to follow his brother Bob's example, and took up “medicine”. He was “walking' the London Hospital as a student in January 1900, when I next saw him, was married and started in practice at Ealing, when Mother and I visited him and Effie (Daniels) his wife, in 1907, transferred his home and office later to Hanwell, where he

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remained until he retired to Devonshire in 1938. Prior to his retirement he made a voyage as ship's surgeon on a Blue Funnel boat to the Orient and back, the year of which I do not remember. Unfortunately his retirement was short. On the outbreak of the second world war (1939) his friend in the Blue Funnel Line – a director – rang him up and asked if he would take the place of a surgeon on one of their ships who had been called up for war service. Immediate reply was necessary, and he accepted. The voyage extended over a year and took him to many parts of the world. He visited us twice in Shanghai and was then suffering from a very bad cough and looked worn out and ill. Not long after arriving back home in Sidmouth he died, May 31st. 1942. Harry and Effie had three children, viz: -Bob, Larry, and Dierdre. Bob – Robert – was born in 1907: I do not know which is the older, Dierdre or Larry, or the dates of birth. Presumably Larry, is an abbreviation of Lawrence. Bob is a surgeon, practicing in London, England. Larry is a surgeon in the British Army. Dierdre is married to Dr. Gerald Gibbens of Sidmouth, and they have two sons and a daughter – Barney, Declan, & Jane. Uncle Barney's daughters: - Annie, the elder, married a Dr. Murphy, of Youghal (pronounced Yawl or Ya-hall) Co. Cork, as a very young woman and to the best of my knowledge is still living there. There are two children, a daughter in Ireland of whom I know nothing, and a son, Dr. Dan Wolfe, (?Murphy? pmw) who was in practice in one of England's East Coast Health-resorts when last I heard of him. His father has been dead many years. Pauline, the younger sister, married a Captain Green, retired, of the British Army, who also lived in Youghal, and they had two daughters. Then the husband died and Pauline went out to the U.S.A., taking her children with her. Mother and I quite unexpectedly discovered Pauline and her girls in San Diego, Californiia, in the summer of 1937. We then saw Pauline herself and her younger daughter Marguerite Green (unmarried) but did not see or learn the name of the older girl who was married. Not long after that we learned from Cousin Harry, her brother, that Pauline had died. ABRAHAM. 6. Abraham Jennings Wolfe. Uncle Abraham appears to have been given the additional name of Jennings by his parents. Date of his birth is unknown to me. He appears to have been more of a business man than any of his brothers, became a draper, and also dabbled in Real Estate, with some moderate degree of financial success. His wife's Christian name was Minne. They had several children, but how many I cannot say. The Reverend Charles Wolfe of Tramore, is one of their grandsons – or a great grandson – and I think gave some details of the family in one of his letters. I personally knew William, the eldest son. He took up the medical profession, went to Dublin University and became a surgeon on a P.&O. Steamer trading between England and the Far East. He was still a very young man when he died in the course of a voyage, and was buried either ashore or in the sea, at Aden. This occurred probably about the year 1890. Then came a son named Edward. We knew him as “Foxy Ned”, to distinguish him from Uncle Alleyn's Ned, who was known in the family as “Black Ned”; the reason being that “foxy Ned” had red or sandy coloured hair, whilst “black Ned” had very dark brown hair. What “foxy Ned” did for a living I do not know, nor am I sure whether he, or another brother, was the father of the Reverend Charles Wolfe. There was a cousin Wolfe who became a chemist and went out to Assam in that capacity on a Tea Plantation there. I always thought he was a son of Uncle Abe, but I think the Rev. Charles says no; he does not know whose son the chemist can be. We met this chemist in Dublin in 1927: he was then home from India, and planning to start an agency business between Ireland and that country. Abe and Minnie had at least one daughter. We called her Doty when I was a child – so probably her name was Dorothy. I believe the Rev. Charles mentions at least one other Wolfe aunt of his in his correspondence.

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ISAAC 7. Uncle Isaac came next to Abe in order of birth. He was another of the brothers who served in the British Army in India and elsewhere. After returning to Ireland and civilian life he became Clerk of the Courts at Newmarket, County Cork, and held that position for the rest of his life. Married twice and had children by both wives I believe. I recall several of his older children (the first wife's) passing through London en route to the U.S.A. Have never heard of them since, and do not know what became of Isaac's second wife and her children, or date of his death.

2

(2 From Hilda Eileen Wolfe Notation on a yellow 'stickys': Child of Isaac Wolfe and Ellen Homan:

Victoria Inez Ellen Wolfe. She is the grandmother of Jane Guerico. This info taken from Barbara Clark's material. Also: Isaac Jennings Wolfe, Birth July 13, 1841, Tramore, Waterford Co. Ireland. Died July 15, 1907. Marriage 1: Annie Mahoney, Dec 26, 1867. Marriage2: Ellen Homan, August 15, 1888 Newmarket Co. Cork Children: Abraham Wolfe BD Sept 12, 1871 Isaac Wolfe, BD Oct 9 1873 Henry Wolfe BD April 3, 1876 Edward Wolfe BD July 26 1878 Jane Wolfe BD September 27 1880 Mary Wolfe BD July 14, 1883 Edith Wolfe BD July 20 1884) JACOB 8. My father, Jacob, came next after Isaac. He was born 15th. August 1843, at Tramore, Co. Wexford. Died in Capetown, South Africa, 30th. August 1937. He was the best educated of the brothers, and his parents hoped he would become a clergyman in the Church of England. But his father died and the pension ceased, so through lack of funds Jacob had to get out and start making a living at about the age of 18 or 20. He went over to London and entered the offices of the South Western Railway Company. He gave that up some years later and returned to Ireland, where he married my mother, Margaret Williamson. SWW was born 9th. January 1872; Aunt Lillie (Elizabeth Jane) was born 1st. February 1873. Failing to make a success of the business he acquired from his father-in-law Samuel Williamson when the latter died in 18972, he returned to England about the year 1879, taking his wife and 2 children with him. This change proved too much for my mother who had always been delicate and she passed on, after which my father married again a widow with 3 young children (sons) of her own. I went to South Africa in 1892, and my father with his wife: two of her sons left England to join me there six years later. JOSEPH 9. Joseph was the last and youngest of the children of Alleyn and Jane Wolfe. Like the rest he was born in Ireland a year or two after my father. Following the example of so many of his brothers Joseph crossed to England and entered the Railway Service. He married (name of wife unknown to me) and had 2, may be 3 daughters – no sons. He became a station master and died whilst still a young man. His death was attributed to consumption brought about by having to live in a damp house provided by the Railway Company for him and his family. I do not remember ever seeing Joseph, or any of his family. But in 1927, after I had returned from England to China, my father prior to returning to his home in Capetown, visited one of Joseph's daughters who was married. She and her husband and children were living somewhere in or near London.

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3 SISTERS ? Of my father's sisters I have no knowledge, excepting that there were 3 of them. A Mrs. Cooke whom we visited in Dublin in 1927, was the daughter of one of the sisters. She had a son and several daughters. Signed: S.W.W. 13-9-52. Note per E.J.W. RICHARD Twins died in infancy I believe. Richard was one of them. Therefore Alleyn and Jane Wolfe had a total of fourteen (14) offspring. xiii

Jacob Wolfe marriage to Mary Ann Haines

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xiv

John Wolfe and Charlotte Sophia Thomas marriage 1860

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Charlotte Sophia Thomas baptism

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Reginald John (Jack) Wolfe burial

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Louis James Wolfe baptism

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xviii

Marriage Certificate of Sophia Wolfe and Frederick Charles Monk

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Louis James Wolfe 1915 C.E.F Attestation papers

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Alleyn Wolfe baptism

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Llewellyn Wolfe baptism

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Henry Wolfe baptism

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William Wolfe marriage

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Alleyn Sydney Wolfe baptism

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Margaretta Mary Wolfe baptism

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Barrelle House Private Hotel – letter

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Allen Wolfe 1900 U.S. Federal Census detail

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William Wolfe burial All Saints Montreal

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Joseph Edwin Wolfe 1916 C.E. F. Attestation papers

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xxx

Gloria Vivien Etta Wolfe birth

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George William Wolfe birth certificate

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Robert Wolfe World War 1 U.S. Draft registration

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Robert Wolfe 1918 C.E.F. Attestation papers

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George William Wolfe 1916 C.E.F Attestation papers

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Robert Inglewood Wolfe marriage

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Francis (Frank) William Twomey World War 2 United States Draft Registration

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John Theobald Murphy – World War 1 Medal Index card

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Bertie Murphy World War 1 Medal Index card

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Daniel Murphy World War 1 Medal Index card

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xl Sean Treacy and the 3

rd Tipperary Brigade, Desmond Ryan, 1946, pp 143:

“…at the village of Rosegreen on August 12, where he (Treacy) had attended a Battalion Council. The meeting broke up, and some of the officers remained chatting on the roadside near the house. Treacy stayed inside, hard at work completing his notes. Suddenly a cyclist party of British soldiers appeared in the village. The Volunteer officers ran back into the house and gave the alarm. Treacy jumped up, reached for his gun, and told the others to break down the back door to secure their retreat. By this time the officer in charge of the raiding party, Lieutenant Woulfe (sic) had reached the front door, gun in hand. Treacy immediately fired at him, wounding him seriously, and threw the raiders into confusion. Treacy rushed out of the back door, circled the house, and fired again at the raiders. He wounded two other soldiers, and with the rest of his comrades, escaped. The patrol made no further attempt to follow them.” A more recent history provides some other detail on the action: Seán Treacy and the Tan War, Joe Ambrose, Mercier Press 2007: {One evening during August 1920 an IRA meeting was held in a barn just off the main Cashel-Clonmel road at Rosegreen. Amongst those attending the gathering was Treacy:} "Most of those who attended came on bicycles and left their bicycles against a wall on the main road,' said Jerome Davin. 'Someone, I expect it was someone returning from a horse show which was held that day in Clonmel, seeing the bicycles at the roadside, suspected that there was something on and informed the military in Cashel. Certainly the military must have got information, for a cycle patrol came out and they came straight into the yard and towards the barn. At the time of their arrival the meeting was over and only Seán Treacy, Patrick McGrath of Fethard, myself, and I think, one other who had remained chatting, were there. Seán Treacy was the only one who was armed. The officer called on us to put up our hands. Treacy fired at him and wounded him. Some members of the patrol took cover and opened fire on the barn, but Treacy, from the doorway, kept them pinned down with revolver fire - he was using his favourite weapon, a long parabellum - while we burst down an old nailed up door at the rear. Meanwhile Paddy Ahearne, the local company captain, who was in the vicinity, opened fire on the patrol, and we had then little difficulty in making our getaway from the barn by the rear door. Treacy then decided to go to Purcell's of Glenagat and he told me to report to Dan Breen, Ned O'Reilly and Seán Hogan who were at my sister's (Mrs Looby's) house at Milltownmore. He knew that they would have heard the shooting and he just wanted me to assure them that everything was alright. In addition to the officer, Treacy's fire had also wounded two of the soldiers."

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xli

Henry (Harry) Robert Inglewood Wolfe obituary – British Medical Journal March 7 1970

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xlii

Nixon’s Navigation Colliery Company Mountain Ash Merthyr Tydfil

xliii

George Albert Finegan Royal Navy posting from the British Medical Journal: BMJ October 12 1912 The Services Royal Naval Medical Service Examination for Appointments as Acting Surgeons Mr. G. A. Finegan BMJ April 12 1913 Royal Naval Medical Service Prize Distribution at Haslar G.A. Finegan MB BMJ Supplement November 27 1915 Naval and Military Appointments Royal Naval Medical Service Surgeon G.A. Finegan to the 'Pembroke', additional. (H.M.S Pembroke was the name given to various shore establishments at Chatham, Harwich and on the Forth) BMJ Supplement June 8 1918 Naval and Military Appointments Royal Naval Medical Service Surgeon G.A. Finegan to Sick Quarters Shotley. BMJ Supplement July 21 1920 Naval and Military Appointments Royal Naval Medical Service Surgeon Lieutenant Commander G.A. Finegan to 'Valiant'.

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Picture taken at RN Hospital Haslar Prize Distribution Portsmouth April 1913 – G. A. Finegan back row right

G.A. Finegan (detail) April 1913

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xliv

William Cooper Wolfe World War 1 Medal Index card

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Supplement to the London Gazette September 16 1918 "2nd Lt. William Cooper Wolfe, R. Dub.Fus., S.R. For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. This officer set a fine example to his platoon, leading them with coolness and judgment. He led a few men against a position where a machine gun was hidden, and after a hand-to-hand struggle exterminated the team, including the officer, and captured the gun, which had been inflicting severe casualties on our men". xlvi

“East African and Abyssinian Campaigns” (1969) by Neil Orpen, pp 67n "Company Commander Captain W. C. Wolfe M.C. was killed in an air crash, with the aircraft's pilot, Captain C. H. D. Wardrop when taking off from Kitale” xlvii

Abraham Joseph Wolfe family picture about 1909 From left to right - Charles (b 1901), Abraham (b 1870), Eileen (b 1905), Nellie (nee Whelan)(b 1870), Maureen (b 1903) and Joseph (b 1899)

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xlviii

Hunter's Great Great Great Great Grandfather issued trade tokens

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Isaac Jennings Wolfe provided two forms of Civil Service Evidence of Age documentation in 1868, an extract from the Tramore Registry of Baptisms and an affidavit sworn before a Justice of the Peace.

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l Minnie, (Nellie – Mother) Edie, Vic - Isaac Jennings Wolfe’s daughters and third wife

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Isaac Jennings Wolfe and Eleanor Grace Garstin Cotter Wolfe

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lii Henry O Wolfe World War 1 U.S. Draft Registration

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Williamson & Wolfe – 1875 Guy’s Cork Directory

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liv

Jacob Wolfe and Mary Anne Haines banns 1884

lv Kuala Lumpur

From 'A History of Kuala Lumpur 1857-1939' by J. M. Gullick: "Sabatier had come to the East as a steward on a vessel of the French Messageries Maritimes line, and his first venture in Kuala Lumpur had been to open the Resthouse.." From the 'Selengor Journal' published 1893 "There are many other contracts where the system and practice in giving them out is generally mismanaged in the same way. The Rest House at Kuala Lumpur, as pointed out in a letter in No. 1 of the Selangor Journal, was a disgrace to the State. No decent person could think of staying there. The lessee was losing money and could not fulfill his contract. It was then that Mr. Sabatier, an energetic Frenchman, formerly a steward on a French mail boat, took charge of it. He has done wonders—the place now is nice, clean, and comfortable. He has worked hard for it, and has succeeded in making the Rest House pay and in attracting a number of permanent lodgers, who prefer staying there to keeping house for themselves. There is only one voice about the management of the Rest House, visitors say that they are satisfied. Mr. Sabatier's lease is up. Some, well known to be unable to manage the Rest House satisfactorily, and others of whom nothing at all is known, have tendered a few dollars higher than Mr. Salratier, and the Government, apparently, have not decided yet whether to take a new lessee or not. The Rest House, thanks to the energy of Mr. Sabatier, is now a paying concern, therefore people offer more for it than Mr. Sabatier pays: not for the Rest House, but for Mr. Sabatier's business. The place is patronised because Mr. Sabatier looks after his visitors, and the people who have tendered for it at a higher rate would soon see their mistake, because, if Mr. Sabatier leaves the Rest House the lodgers will go too. It is to be hoped that no change in the management will take place. The public of Selangor and the visitors to our State appreciate the advantage of having a man like the present lessee to look after the Rest House, and rather than let him go, I think he should have the place for nothing and be paid a salary besides. For, after all, the Rest House has been put up by Government as a convenience to the public and not as a source of revenue, and the comfort and convenience of the travelling public should be the first and only consideration to guide Government in giving out this contract.— S. S." From the 'Selengor Journal' published 1894 "On Sunday morning last, just before 10 o'clock, a fire broke out in a small bungalow in Battery Road, at the back of the Rest House. Kuala Lumpur. When the Brigade arrived the fire had complete possession of the premises.

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After some delay in getting up steam the engine was got to work and a copious discharge of water was poured on the burning mass ; however, it was soon apparent that nothing could be saved, and the building and its contents were totally destroyed. While the fire was raging and showers of tiles and roof timbers were falling, Capt. Bellamy entered and rescued a poor unfortunate monkey who was seen chained underneath the house, making frantic endeavours to get free. General sympathy is felt for the owner of the premises, Mr. G. Sabatier, who was away at the time on a visit to Singapore. The origin of the fire is unknown. Not the least of Mr. Sabatier's difficulties in connection with the burning of his dwelling-house, is the fact that " chits," representing a large amount in outstanding accounts, were consumed. Mr. Sabatier, however, feels confident that the fact of the chits being destroyed will make but little difference, and that, in fact, it will be the cause of the money— of which, naturally, he stands very much in need at present—being paid all the sooner. No doubt he is quite right." From a 1988 French language review of J.M. Gullick's 'Kuala Lumpur, 1880-1895. A City in the Making': Un des intérêts du livre est de nous présenter quelques grandes figures de pionniers. Yap Kwan Seng, le dernier des Capitan China, Loke Yew, le magnat de l'étain, Tambusamy Pillai, qui fut secrétaire du résident avant de s'enrichir dans les mines et le prêt d'argent, Douglas et Daly, les premiers résidents, Syers, l'intendant de police, Bellamy, le chef des pompiers, et même deux Français, le Père Letessier et Gédéon Sabatier qui faisait office de cuisinier et de coiffeur (p. 37) lvi

Sabatier of the Royal Hairdressing Saloon - limited extracts from the Straits Times archives: The Straits Times, 24 August 1903, Page 5 SUMMONS CASES. (Before Mr. Michael) Leaving Service. This morning, a Japanese named Yamaraki, an assistant to G. Sabatier, hairdresser, responded to a summons for leaving service without giving due notice. Complainant said he gave the defendant a month's notice on the 18th inst but that he left at once. He... The Straits Times, 25 March 1908, Page 7 BILL COLLECTOR CHARGED. Three Charges of Criminal Breach of Trust. Before Mr. E. H. Column, the Third Magistrate, yesterday afternoon, Mr. G. Sabatier prosecuted his bill collector Hussein Sheriff, on three charges of criminal breach of trust. Inspector Hart, who was in charge of the case, said that there... The Straits Times, 31 March 1908, Page 7 Alleged Criminal Breach of Trust. Hassan Sheriff, charged with criminal breach of trust on three counts of small sums collected by him for Mr. Sabatier, proprietor of the Royal Hairdressing Saloon, the details of which have already appeared in these columns, was again before the Third Magistrate. Mr. K. K.... The Straits Times, 15 September 1911, Page 7 M. Sabatier, Commercial Square, has again had occasion to complain of dishonesty on the part of employees. He has given his bill collector into custody on a charge of criminal breach of trust in respect of... lvii

Gédéon Sabatier – arrest, trial and imprisonment - limited extracts from the Straits Times archives: The Straits Times, 25 June 1912, Page 7 Singapore Sensation. TWO EUROPEANS AND JAPANESE WOMAN ARRESTED. Charge of Counterfeiting Notes. A sensation such as has not been felt in Singapore for some time was created yesterday by the arrest, in rather dramatic circumstances, of G. Sabatier, proprietor of the Royal Hairdressing Saloon, Raffles Square, and an assistant named... The Straits Times, 2 July 1912, Page 7 M. SABATIER IN COURT. Order to Release Money to Pay for Defence. M Sabatier, his assistant Muller, and his Japanese wife, appeared in the High Court today before Mr Dill in connection with the preliminary inquiry into the allegations of forging currency notes... The Straits Times, 10 July 1912, Page 9 The Sabatier Case. THE PROPERTY SEIZED BY THE POLICE. Female Accused Granted Bail. Practically the whole of yesterday's proceeding's at the preliminary enquiry into the Sabatier case in the second police court was taken up by the evidence

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The Straits Times, 11 July 1912, Page 7 The Sabatier Case. AN INTERESTING LETTER OF INSTRUCTION. Sabatier's Purchases of Chemicals. In preliminary enquiry into this charge... The Straits Times, 12 July 1912, Page 7 The Sabatier Case. ANALYST TELLS HOW HE FORGED NOTES. One Made in Two Minutes. . Government analyst. was the last witness heard in the preliminary inquiry into the charges against Gideon Sabatier, Jules Muller and Mrs. Chio Sabatier yesterday afternoon. Referring to the property seized in Sabatier... The Straits Times, 30 July 1912, Page 7 The Sabatier Trial. AN UPHEAVAL AT THE ASSIZE COURT. Indictment Amended. The assizes were continued this morning before the Chief Justice. Sir William. Hyndman Jones, when Gedeon Sabatier, James Muller and Chio Sabatier were again placed in the dock to answer indictments charging them with offences under... The Straits Times, 1 August 1912, Page 7 The Sabatier Trial. TWO MALE ACCUSED FOUND GUILTY. Mrs. Sabatier Acquitted. The Straits Times, 30 August 1912, Page 12 NOTICES. NOTICE. Mrs. Sabatier, of the Royal Hair Dressing Saloon, begs to inform the public tbat she is continuing the business carried on by her husband at 80-1, Raffles Place, Singapore, where customers will receive the same care and attention as heretofore... The Straits Times, 16 December 1913, Page 8 Death of M. Sabatier. The death occurred in tbe General Hospital this morning of M. Gedeon Sabatier, proprietor of the hairdressing saloon in Raffles Place. It will be recalled that last year he and his assistant Muller were convicted of forging currency notes by means of an ingenious method of... The Straits Times, 16 December 1913, Page 8 DEATHS. Sabatier. On December 16, at the General Hospital, Singapore, Gedeon Sabatier, in his 55th year. Interment at the Bidadari Cemetery, at 6 p.m. to-day. Shanghai papers please copy. lviii

Joseph Alleyn Wolfe marriage

lix

Florence Kezie Wolfe and Thomas Gilbert Donnelly marriage

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lx Marion Hamilton birth registration