The Wales Act 2017 – The good, the bad and

the ugly

Deddf Cymru 2017 – Y da a’r drwg

Y broses arweiniodd at Ddeddf Cymru 2017

The process that led to the Wales Act 2017

Deddf Cymru 2017 a’r sector dai

Wales Act 2017 and the housing sector

Brexit a’r dyfodol

Brexit and the future

Brexit a tai/ Brexit and housing

• 1940 – Bwrdd Iechyd CymruWelsh Board of Health

• 1951 – Swyddfa Gymreig o fewn y Weinyddiaeth Tai a Llywodraeth LeolWelsh Office within the Ministry of Housing and Local Government

• 1964 – Ysgrifennydd Gwladol CymruSecretary of State for Wales

• 1965 – Swyddfa CymruWelsh Office

• 1988 – Tai Cymru

Beth oedd y sefyllfa cyn 1999?

What was the position before 1999?

Refferendwm 1999 Referendum

Canlyniad/ Result:

Ie/ Yes: 559, 419 (50.3%)

Na/ No: 552, 698 (49.7%)

Y sefyllfa yng Nghymru yn 1999

The position in Wales in 1999

Datganoli gweithredol/ Executive devolution –

Rheolaeth dros polisi mewn rhai meysydd yng Nghymru

Control over policy in certain areas in Wales

Rheolaeth dros nifer o swyddogaethau gweinyddol

Control over a number of administrative functions

Pwerau i gyflwyno is-ddeddfwriaeth

Secondary legislative powers

Dim gwahaniad pwerau

No separation of powers

Y setliad datganoledig cyntaf: Beirniadaeth a galw am newid

The first devolution settlement: Criticism and calls for change

2000 – Clymblaid rhwng y Democratiaid Rhyddfrydol a Llafur

Coalition between Labour and the Liberal Democrats

2002 – Sefydlu Comisiwn Richard.

Richard Commission is established.

2004 – Adroddiad y Comisiwn.

The Commission publish their Report.

2005 – Etholiad Cyffredinol – dadl o fewn y Blaid Lafur yng nghylch sut y dylai

argymhellion y Comisiwn gael eu gweithredu

General Election – debate within the Labour Party as to how the Commission’s recommendations should be taken forward

2006 – Deddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006

The Government of Wales Act 2006

Rhan 3, Atodlen 5/ Part 3, Schedule 5 (System LCO System)

Rhan 4, Atodlen 7/ Part 4, Schedule 7

Yr ymateb/ The reaction

• O dan Atodlen 5 roedd modd trosglwyddo pwerau deddfwriaethol i’r Cynulliad o fewn 20 maes.

Schedule 5 contained 20 fields under which, primary legislative functions could be transferred to the National Assembly

• Roedd modd trosglwyddo’r pwerau yma drwy ddeddfwriaeth y Senedd Brydeinig neu trwyOrchymyn yn y Cyfin-Gyngor a oedd wedi ei wirio gan y Cynulliad Cenedlaethol a’r SeneddBrydeinig

These could be transferred either through an Act of the UK Parliament or through an Order in Council, approved by both the National Assembly and the Houses of Parliament.

• Roedd gan y Cynulliad yr hawl i ddeddfu unwaith roedd mater wedi ei drosglwyddo. Gelwir y ddeddfwriaeth yma yn “Fesur y Cynulliad.”

Once transferred the National Assembly had the power to enact “Assembly Measures”

Deddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006, Rhan 3, Atodlen 5

Government of Wales Act 2006, Part 3, Schedule 5

Cymryd llawer o amser

Time consuming

Diffyg parodrwydd i drosglwyddo unrhyw bwerau yn fwy na’r hyn oedd yn hollol

anghenrheidiol

Reluctance to transfer any powers beyond what was absolutely necessary

Dull craffu yn seiliedig ar bolisi yn San Steffan

A policy based approach to scrutiny at Westminster

Gwendid y system LCO

The weakness of the LCO system

Roedd Deddf Llywodreath Cymru 2006 yn cynnwys sylfaen arall ar gyfer deddfu; Rhan 4, Atodlen 7.Government of Wales Act 2006 contained an alternative system for enacting legislation; Part 4, Schedule 7.

Er mwyn newid y sylfaen roedd yn rhaid galw refferendwm. To change the legislative system it was first necessary to call a referendum.

2009 – Confensiwm Cymru Gyfan yn adrodd bod yna ddigon o gefnogaeth yng Nghymru argyfer galw refferendwm.The All Wales Convention reported in 2009 that they believed that there was sufficient support in Wales for a referendum to be called on the issue.

Cynhaliwyd y refferendwm ar 31 Mawrth 2011The referendum was held on 3 March 2011

Confensiwm Cymru Gyfan a Refferendwm 2011

The All Wales Convention and the 2011 Referendum

Refferendwm 2011 Referendum

Y Canlyniad/ The result

Ie/ Yes: 517, 132 (63.5%)

Na/ No: 297, 380 (36.5%)

Model pwerau wedi eu rhoi

Conferred powers model of devolution

Pwerau wedi eu datganoli mewn 20 maes

Powers devolved in 20 fields

Eithriadau o fewn yr 20 maes

Exceptions within the 20 fields

Deddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006, Rhan 4, Atodlen 7

Government of Wales Act 2006, Part 4, Scheule 7

Model pwerau wedi eu rhoi

The conferred powers model

Deddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006, Rhan 4, Atodlen 7

Government of Wales Act 2006, Part 4, Scheule 7

Housing finance except schemes supported from central or local funds which provide assistance for social security purposes to or in respect of individuals by way of benefits. Encouragement of home energy efficiency and conservation, otherwise than by prohibition or regulation. Regulation of rent. Homelessness. Residential caravans and mobile homes.

Diffyg sicrwydd a eglurder

Lack of certainty and clarity

o Deddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006, Adran 108

Government of Wales Act 2008, Section 108

“it relates to one or more of the subjects listed under any of the headings in Part 1 of

Schedule 7”

Diffyg cysondeb

Lack of consitancy

Gwendidau’r system

The system’s weaknesses

Cafodd y Comisiwn ei sefydlu gan Cheryl Gillan, Ysgrifennydd Gwladol Cymru yn 2011

The Comission was established by the Secretary of State for Wales, Cheryl Gillan in 2011

2 ran i waith y Comisiwn

2 Parts to the Commission's work

o Rhan 1, 2012 – Pwerau Ariannol

Part 1, 2012 – Financial Powers

o Rhan 2, 2014 – Pwerau’r Cynulliad

Part 2, The Assembly Powers

Comisiwn Silk/ The Silk Commission

Nifer o argymhellion ond ymysg y mwyaf pwysig:

A number of recommendations but the most important included:

o Datganoli pwerau dros etholiadau a maint y Cynulliad

Devoling powers cocnerning elections and the size of the Assembly

o Datganoli pwerau dros yr heddlu a chyfiawnder ieuenctid

Devolving powers over policing and the youth justice system

o Symud i’r system pwerau wedi eu cadw nôl

Moving to the reserved powers model of devolution

Silk Rhan 2/ Silk Part 2

Hwn oedd y system a oedd mewn grym yn yr Alban a Gogledd Iwerddon

This was the system in place in Scotland and Northern Ireland

O dan y system yma mae pob peth wedi ei ddatagnoli ond am y pwerau hynny sydd wedi

eu cadw nôl yn San Steffan

Under this system everything is devolved with the exception of those areas where powers have been expressly reserved to Westminster

Y system pwerau wedi ei cadw nôl

The reserved powers model

Model pwerau wedi eu cadw nôl

The reserved powers model

Local Government Byelaws (Wales) Bill 2012 – reference by the Attorney General for England and Wales [2012] UKSC 53;

Agricultural Sector (Wales) Bill - Reference by the Attorney General for England and Wales [2014] UKSC 43

Recovery of Medical Costs for Asbestos Diseases (Wales) Bill - Reference by the Counsel General for Wales [2015] UKSC 3

Rôl y Goruchaf Lys

The role of the Supreme Court

Darllen Deddf Cymru 2006 yn ehangach na’r disgwyl

Read the Government of Wales Act 2006 more exampnsivly than expected

“it relates to one or more of the subjects listed under any of the headings in Part 1 of

Schedule 7”

Agricultural Sector (Wales) Bill - Reference by the Attorney General for England and Wales [2014]

UKSC 43

Proses rhyng-bleidiol

Cross party process

Rhaid bod pob plaid yn cytuno

Every party had to agree

Edrych ar bynicau unigol yn lle’r pictiwr cyflawn

Looked at individual areas rather than the whole picture

Arwain at restr hir o bwerau i’w cadw nôl

Led to a long list of reservations

Proses Gŵyl DdewiSt David’s Day Process

Proses Gŵyl DdewiSt David’s Day Process

Cyhoeddwyd yn 2015

Published in 2015

Beirniadaeth hallt am nifer o resymau, gan gynnwys:

Drew heavy criticism for a number of reasons, including:

o Y prawf rheidrwydd

The necessity testo Rhestr hir o bwerau wedi eu cadw nôl

Long list of reserved powerso Cydsyniad gweinidog y goron

Minister of crown consent

Bil Cymru Drafft

Draft Wales Bill

Cyhoeddwyd yn 2016

Published in 2016

Newidiadau mawr wedi eu gwneud i’r Bil Drafft, gan gynnwys:

Signficiant changes made to the Draft Bill, including:

o Dim prawf rheidrwydd

No necessity testo Rhestr byrrach o bwerau wedi eu cadw nôl

A short list of reserved powerso System gwell er mwyn gofyn am gydsyniad y goron

An imporved minister of the crown cosnents process

Bil Cymru

Wales Bill

Hedfan trwy’r Tŷ’r CyffredinProceeded quickly through the House of Commons

Archwiliad manylach yn Nhy’r Arglwyddi a rhai gwelliannau yn cael eu wneud

i’r Bil

More scrutiny in the House of Lords and some amendments made to the Bill

Ionawr 2017 – Cynulliad yn pleidleisio o blaid rhoi cydsyniad i’r Bil

January 2017 – The Assembly votes in favour of granting consent for the Bill

Deddf Cymru 2017

Wales Act 2017

Yn datganoli rhai pwerau ychwanegol i’r Cynulliad, yn cynnwys:

Does devolve some further powers to the National Assembly, including:

o Pwerau dros etholiadau

Powers over electionso Rhai pwerau dros ynni

Some energy powerso Rhai pwerau dros drafnidiaeth

Some transport powers

Deddf Cymru 2017 – Y da

Wales Act 2017 – The good

Symud i’r system pwerau wedi cadw nôlMoves the model of devolution in Wales to the reserved powers model

Treth incwmIncome tax

Setliad ariannol newyddA new financial settelement

Confensiwn Sewel?The Sewel convension?

Brexit

Deddf Cymru 2017 – Y da

Wales Act 2017 – The good

Y Cynulliad yn colli pwerauThe Assembly loses powers

Rhestr o bwerau sydd wedi eu cadw nôl dal yn hirStill a long list of reservations

Setliad cymhlethA complicated settelement

“Mewn perthynas ┓Relates to”

R (on the application of Miller and another) (Respondents) v Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union (Appellant) [2017] UKSC 5 ?

Deddf Cymru 2017 – Y drwg

Wales Act 2017 – The bad

Yn uniongyrchol/ Directly?

Dim llawer

Not much

Nid yw’n datganoli pwerau pellach sy’n ymwneud â thai

Does not devolve further powers in connection to housing

Dim wir yn lleihau pwerau sy’n ymwneud â thai

Does not greatly reduce the Assembly’s powers over housing

Beth bydd yr effaith ar y sector dai?

What will be the impact on the housing sector?

Deddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006 Government of Wales Act 2006

Tai/ Housing

Housing finance except schemes supported from central or local funds which provide assistance for social security purposes to or in respect of individuals by way of benefits. Encouragement of home energy efficiency and conservation, otherwise than by prohibition or regulation. Regulation of rent. Homelessness. Residential caravans and mobile homes.

Deddf Cymru 2017Wales Act 2017

Social security schemes

Social security schemes supported from public funds.Requiring persons—(a) to establish and administer, or make payments to or in respect of, social security schemes, and(b) to keep records and supply in formation in connection with social security schemes.

Yn anuniongyrchol/ Indirectly?

Sylweddol

Signficant

Gallai’r broses ddeddfwriaethol gymryd mwy o amser

The legislative process could take longer

Rhagor o achosion ger bron y Goruchaf Lys

More cases before the Supreme Court

Brexit?

Beth bydd yr effaith ar y sector dai?

What will be the impact on the housing sector?

O dan y system pwerau wedi cadw nôl mae pob peth wedi eu ddatganoli i Gymru ag

eithrio’r pwerau hynny sydd wedi eu cadw nôl yn San Steffan

Under the reserved powers model of devolution everything is devolved to Wales with the exception of those powers that have been expressly reserved to Westminster

Fe fydd yn rhaid i Llywodraeth San Steffan gyflwyno deddfwriaeth i gadw pwerau nôl wrth

i ni adel yr UE

The UK Government will have to enact legislation to reserve powers to Westminster as we leave the EU

Brexit

3 prif sialens/ 3 main challanges

Ble fydd pwerau yn mynd?

Where will powers go?

Mwy o bwysau ar adnoddau’r Cynulliad a Llywodraeth Cymru

Increased pressure on the National Assembly and the Welsh Government’s resources

Pwysau ariannol

Financial pressures

Beth mae hyn yn meddwl i’r sector dai?

What does this mean for the housing sector?

Ble fydd pwerau yn mynd?

Where will powers go?

?

Great Repeal Bill

Trafodaethau Brexit

Brexit negotiations

Newidiau o ganlyniad i Ddeddf Cymru 2017

Changes as a result of the Wales Act 2017

Adnoddau prin

Limited resources

Economi gwanach

Weaker economy

Disgwyl i fudiadau tai i wneud mwy?

Housing associations expected to deliver more services?

Pwysau ariannol

Financial Pressures

Setliad datganoledig hir dymor?

Long term devolution settlement?

Na/ No

Mwy o ddryswch a mwy o drafod i ddod

More confusion and discussion to come

Crynodeb/ Summary

"To be absolutely honest, I do not think that this represents the end of

the book on Welsh devolution, but we need a prolonged period in which

the Welsh government learn to deploy their powers and use their

competencies in a way that benefits the people of Wales."

Steffan Evans

E-bost/ e-mail – steffan@tpas.ac.uk

@SteffHEvans

Diolch/ Thank you