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What is SMOKING?  practice in which a substance,

most commonly tobacco, is burned and the smoke is tasted or inhaled

primarily practiced as a route of administration for recreational drug use

it can also be done as a part of rituals, to induce trances and spiritual enlightenment

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History of SMOKING can be dated to as early as 5000 BC evolved in association with religious

ceremonies; as offerings to deities, in cleansing rituals or to allow shamans and priests to alter their minds for purposes of divination or spiritual enlightenment

after the European exploration and conquest of the Americans, the practice of smoking tobacco quickly spread to the rest of the world. In regions like India and Subsaharan Africa

in Europe, it introduced a new type of social activity and a form of drug intake which previously had been unknown knip

GATSThe Philippines 2009 GATS is a nationally representative household survey of the population 15 years of age and older. It was designed to collect information on respondents' background characteristics; patterns of tobacco use; former/past tobacco consumption; age of initiation of daily smoking; consumption of different tobacco products (cigarettes, pipes, cigars and other smoked tobacco); nicotine dependence; frequency of quit attempts; exposure to second-hand smoke; and knowledge about health effects of smoking among others. Survey data were collected electronically during personal interviews conducted from September 10 to October 12, 2009.

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According to the Results of the 2009 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)

> 28% or 17.3 million Filipino adults age 15 years and older are current tobacco smokers - 48%or 14.6 million of adult are males - 9% or 2.8 million of adult females > 23 percent of Filipino adults are daily tobacco smokers - 38 percent for males and 7 percent for females.> Filipinos mainly smoke cigarettes, which include manufactured cigarettes and hand-rolled cigarettes. - Cigarettes are smoked by 47 % of men and by 9 % of women. > On the average, male daily smokers consume 11 cigarettes per day while female daily smokers consume 7 cigarettes per day. knip

According to the Results of the 2009 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)

> Among adults who smoked 12 months before the survey, 48 percent made a quit attempt, while only 5 percent made a quit attempt and successfully quit smoking.> More than one-third (37 percent) of adults who worked indoors or outdoors with an enclosed area at their workplace were exposed to tobacco smoke. Among adults who used public transportation a month prior to the survey, more than half (55 percent) were exposed to second-hand smoke, while among those who visited government buildings or offices, more than one-third (37 percent) were exposed to second-hand smoke.

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What are the Compounds in Tobacco Smoke?

Tar – particles suspended in tobacco smoke. Tar is sticky and brown, and stains teeth, fingernails and lung tissue. It contains the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene that is known to trigger tumour development (cancer).

Carbon monoxide – this odourless gas is fatal in large doses because it takes the place of oxygen in the blood.

Hydrogen cyanide – the lungs contain tiny hairs (cilia) that help to clean the lungs by moving foreign substances out. Hydrogen cyanide stops this lung clearance system from working properly. knip

What are the Compounds in Tobacco Smoke?

Free radicals – these highly reactive chemicals can damage the heart muscles and blood vessels. They react with cholesterol, leading to the build-up of fatty material on artery walls. Their actions lead to heart disease, stroke and blood vessel disease.

Metals –contains dangerous and carcinogenic metals including arsenic, cadmium and lead.

Radioactive compounds –contains radioactive compounds, which are known to be carcinogenic.

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Why People Continue to Smoke?Nicotine is the addictive drug

in tobacco smoke that causes smokers to continue to smoke. Addicted smokers need enough nicotine over a day to ‘feel normal’ – to satisfy cravings or control their mood. How much nicotine a smoker needs determines how much smoke they are likely to inhale, no matter what type of cigarette they smoke.

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10 Reasons People Start Smoking

1. Peer Pressure2. Social Rewards3. Risk-taking Behavior4. Parental Influence5. Misinformation6. Genetic Predisposition7. Advertising8. Self-medication9. Media Influences10.Stress Relief knip

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