The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.
-
Upload
poppy-owens -
Category
Documents
-
view
231 -
download
5
Transcript of The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.
![Page 1: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Texas Cattle Kingdom
After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.
![Page 2: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Vocabulary
• Open range: grassy plains• Brand: a design burned into the hide of a
cow• Line Rider: a cowhand who rides up and
down the borders of a ranch to watch the cattle
• Roundup: when cowhands from different ranches drive all the cattle they find into one area
• Vaquero: a cowboy
![Page 3: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Open Range
![Page 5: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Open Range
• Spanish explorers brought a lean type of cattle when they first came to Mexico back in the 1500s.
![Page 6: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Open Range
• During the 1820s, Anglo American settlers brought cattle into Texas.– The cattle weighed more
than the Spanish explorers‘ cattle.
![Page 7: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Open Range
• Vaqueros began to crossbreed the two types of cattle.
Lean cattle + Fatter cattle= Texas longhorn
+ =
![Page 8: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Open Range
• The new breed was known as the Texas longhorn.
![Page 9: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Open Range
• Longhorn cattle…– Are strong animals– Have long legs
![Page 10: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Open Range
• Longhorn cattle…– Have curved horns
• The tips of the horns are about six feet apart.
![Page 11: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Open Range
• Longhorn cattle…– Can travel many miles without water.
![Page 12: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Open Range
• A Texas symbol, The Texas Longhorns!– It symbolizes strength and the ability to
thrive in a dry, dangerous land.
![Page 13: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Open Range
• Before the 1880s, Texas ranchers did not build fences.
![Page 14: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Open Range
• So, these huge animals were free to roam the grassy plains, or the open range.
![Page 15: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Open Range
• By the time that the Civil War ended, there were about 5 million longhorn cattle in Texas.
![Page 16: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Open Range
• A few of the other cattle breeds in Texas:
Angus
Hereford
Red Angus
Shorthorn
![Page 17: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Open Range
• A few of the other cattle breeds in Texas:
Jersey
Holstein
Beefmaster
Braford
![Page 18: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Quick Review
• What type of cattle is famous in Texas?
• Because there were no fences before the 1880s, the cattle roamed the ________.
• About how many longhorn cattle were there after the Civil War ended?
![Page 19: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
![Page 20: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• After the Civil War, many cattle owners brought their herds into Texas.
![Page 21: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Some caught enough wild longhorns to form a herd.
![Page 22: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• They soon began to crossbreed the Texas longhorn with other breeds of cattle.
![Page 23: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Large ranches began forming in Texas.– The cattle herds stayed on the ranches’
land.
![Page 24: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Well known ranchers owned and managed these large ranches.– Charles Goodnight
• JA Ranch• Known as “The Father of
the Panhandle”
![Page 25: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Well known ranchers owned and managed these large ranches.– Richard King
• Founded the King Ranch in 1853• Over 1,000,000 acres of land
![Page 26: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Well known ranchers owned and managed these large ranches.– Henrietta King
• Took over the King Ranch for forty years after her husband, Richard King, died.
![Page 27: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups• The King Ranch still operates today.
– So well known, that Ford has some of its trucks named after the King Ranch.
![Page 28: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Challenges of Ranching…– How to tell which cattle belonged to
which ranch?
![Page 29: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Challenges of Ranching…– How to tell which cattle belonged to
which ranch?• So they had to brand their cattle.
![Page 30: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• All cattle with the same brand belonged to one rancher.
![Page 31: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Ranchers hired cowhands to brand and tend their cattle.– Most cowhands were African American,
Hispanic, or Native American.
![Page 32: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Ranchers hired cowhands to brand and tend their cattle.– They could brand about 600 cattle in
one afternoon
![Page 33: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Texas Brands in 1879• There were people who were brand
inspectors. They had to check and make sure that a ranch’s brand did not look like other ranches’ brands.
![Page 34: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Texas Brands in 1879 p.268
![Page 35: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Line Riders– Rode up and down the borders of the
ranch to watch the cattle.– Often camped out alone at night.
![Page 36: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• Even with the line riders and cowhands doing their jobs of watching the cattle, some cattle still got lost.
![Page 37: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• So, every spring and fall, the ranchers held a roundup.– Cowhands from different ranches drove
all the cattle they found into one area.
![Page 38: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• So, every spring and fall, the ranchers held a roundup.– Then everyone helped separate the
cattle by brands.
![Page 39: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• So, every spring and fall, the ranchers held a roundup.– Some of the branded cattle had given
birth while on the open range.
![Page 40: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Ranching and Roundups
• The cowhands had to brand the new calves.– They were easy to tell which calve
belonged to which ranch, because the claves stayed close to their branded mothers.
![Page 41: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Roundup Video
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PU8Mwt2PrjY
![Page 42: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Quick Review
• When did ranching begin in Texas?• Name 3 of the well known ranch
owners?• Why did ranchers have their cattle
branded?• What are two types of workers that
helped with ranching?• What was the purpose of a round up?
![Page 43: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
A Timeline of the Lesson
1800
Large Tejano ranches operated in South Texas.
1800 1900
1865
Five million longhorn cattle roamed wild in Texas.
1880
Several very large ranches opened in Texas.
1850
![Page 44: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Activity
![Page 45: The Texas Cattle Kingdom After the Civil War, the Texas ranching industry grew.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649db05503460f94a9e1f1/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Quiz• You will have 15 minutes to write a
summary of the lesson.– Must be between 5 and 10 sentences.– Must include the main idea and important
details.– Must contain these vocabulary words:
• open range• brand• line rider• roundup
– No Notes Allowed.